| “Dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave, bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā. |
“monks, be my heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things. |
“比丘们，你们要成为我的法嗣，而不是物质的继承者。 |
| Atthi me tumhesu anukampā: |
Out of compassion for you, I think: |
出于对你们的慈悲，我这样想： |
| ‘kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādā’ti. |
‘How can my disciples become heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things?’ |
‘我的弟子们如何才能成为法的继承者，而不是物质的继承者呢？’ |
| Tumhe ca me, bhikkhave, āmisadāyādā bhaveyyātha no dhammadāyādā, tumhepi tena ādiyā bhaveyyātha: |
If you become heirs in material things, not in the ☸Dharma, they’ll point to you, saying: |
如果你们成为物质的继承者，而不是法的继承者，人们会指着你们说： |
| ‘āmisadāyādā satthusāvakā viharanti, no dhammadāyādā’ti; |
‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in material things, not in the ☸Dharma.’ |
‘这位老师的弟子们，是物质的继承者，而不是法的继承者。’ |
| ahampi tena ādiyo bhaveyyaṃ: |
And they’ll point to me, saying: |
他们也会指着我说： |
| ‘āmisadāyādā satthusāvakā viharanti, no dhammadāyādā’ti. |
‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in material things, not in the ☸Dharma.’ |
‘这位老师的弟子们，是物质的继承者，而不是法的继承者。’ |
| Tumhe ca me, bhikkhave, dhammadāyādā bhaveyyātha, no āmisadāyādā, tumhepi tena na ādiyā bhaveyyātha: |
If you become heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things, they’ll point to you, saying: |
如果你们成为法的继承者，而不是物质的继承者，人们会指着你们说： |
| ‘dhammadāyādā satthusāvakā viharanti, no āmisadāyādā’ti; |
‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things.’ |
‘这位老师的弟子们，是法的继承者，而不是物质的继承者。’ |
| ahampi tena na ādiyo bhaveyyaṃ: |
And they’ll point to me, saying: |
他们也会指着我说： |
| ‘dhammadāyādā satthusāvakā viharanti, no āmisadāyādā’ti. |
‘The Teacher’s disciples live as heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things.’ |
‘这位老师的弟子们，是法的继承者，而不是物质的继承者。’ |
| Tasmātiha me, bhikkhave, dhammadāyādā bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā. |
So, monks, be my heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things. |
所以，比丘们，你们要成为我的法嗣，而不是物质的继承者。 |
| Atthi me tumhesu anukampā: |
Out of compassion for you, I think: |
出于对你们的慈悲，我这样想： |
| ‘kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādā’ti. |
‘How can my disciples become heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things?’ |
‘我的弟子们如何才能成为法的继承者，而不是物质的继承者呢？’ |
| Idhāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bhuttāvī assaṃ pavārito paripuṇṇo pariyosito suhito yāvadattho; |
Suppose that I had eaten and refused more food, being full, and having had as much as I needed. |
假设我已吃饱，不再需要食物，并且已经足够。 |
| siyā ca me piṇḍapāto atirekadhammo chaḍḍanīyadhammo. |
And there was some extra alms-food that was going to be thrown away. |
还有一些多余的食物，正要被丢弃。 |
| Atha dve bhikkhū āgaccheyyuṃ jighacchādubbalyaparetā. |
Then two monks were to come who were weak with hunger. |
这时，有两位饥饿的比丘走过来。 |
| Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadeyyaṃ: |
I’d say to them: |
我会对他们说： |
| ‘ahaṃ khomhi, bhikkhave, bhuttāvī pavārito paripuṇṇo pariyosito suhito yāvadattho; |
‘monks, I have eaten and refused more food, being full, and having had as much as I need. |
‘比丘们，我已吃饱，不再需要食物，并且已经足够。 |
| atthi ca me ayaṃ piṇḍapāto atirekadhammo chaḍḍanīyadhammo. |
And there is this extra alms-food that’s going to be thrown away. |
这里有一些多余的食物，正要被丢弃。 |
| Sace ākaṅkhatha, bhuñjatha, no ce tumhe bhuñjissatha, idānāhaṃ appaharite vā chaḍḍessāmi, appāṇake vā udake opilāpessāmī’ti. |
Eat it if you like. Otherwise I’ll throw it out where there is little that grows, or drop it into water that has no living creatures.’ |
你们如果愿意就吃吧。否则我会把它扔到贫瘠的地方，或者丢进没有活物的水中。’ |
| Tatrekassa bhikkhuno evamassa: |
Then one of those monks thought: |
于是其中一位比丘想： |
| ‘bhagavā kho bhuttāvī pavārito paripuṇṇo pariyosito suhito yāvadattho; |
‘The Buddha has eaten and refused more food. |
‘佛陀已吃饱，不再需要食物。 |
| atthi cāyaṃ bhagavato piṇḍapāto atirekadhammo chaḍḍanīyadhammo. |
And he has some extra alms-food that’s going to be thrown away. |
他还有一些多余的食物，正要被丢弃。 |
| Sace mayaṃ na bhuñjissāma, idāni bhagavā appaharite vā chaḍḍessati, appāṇake vā udake opilāpessati. |
If we don’t eat it he’ll throw it away. |
如果我们不吃，他就会把它扔掉。 |
| Vuttaṃ kho panetaṃ bhagavatā: |
But the Buddha has also said: |
但佛陀也曾说过： |
| “dhammadāyādā me, bhikkhave, bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā”ti. |
“Be my heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things.” |
“要成为我的法嗣，而不是物质的继承者。” |
| Āmisaññataraṃ kho panetaṃ, yadidaṃ piṇḍapāto. |
And alms-food is a kind of material thing. |
而食物也是一种物质。 |
| Yannūnāhaṃ imaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ abhuñjitvā imināva jighacchādubbalyena evaṃ imaṃ rattindivaṃ vītināmeyyan’ti. |
Instead of eating this alms-food, why don’t I spend this day and night weak with hunger?’ |
与其吃这份食物，我为什么不带着饥饿虚弱度过这一天一夜呢？’ |
| So taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ abhuñjitvā teneva jighacchādubbalyena evaṃ taṃ rattindivaṃ vītināmeyya. |
And that’s what they did. |
他们就是这样做的。 |
| Atha dutiyassa bhikkhuno evamassa: |
Then the second of those monks thought: |
于是第二位比丘想： |
| ‘bhagavā kho bhuttāvī pavārito paripuṇṇo pariyosito suhito yāvadattho; |
‘The Buddha has eaten and refused more food. |
‘佛陀已吃饱，不再需要食物。 |
| atthi cāyaṃ bhagavato piṇḍapāto atirekadhammo chaḍḍanīyadhammo. |
And he has some extra alms-food that’s going to be thrown away. |
他还有一些多余的食物，正要被丢弃。 |
| Sace mayaṃ na bhuñjissāma, idāni bhagavā appaharite vā chaḍḍessati, appāṇake vā udake opilāpessati. |
If we don’t eat it he’ll throw it away. |
如果我们不吃，他就会把它扔掉。 |
| Yannūnāhaṃ imaṃ piṇḍapātaṃ bhuñjitvā jighacchādubbalyaṃ paṭivinodetvā evaṃ imaṃ rattindivaṃ vītināmeyyan’ti. |
Why don’t I eat this alms-food, then spend the day and night having got rid of my hunger and weakness?’ |
我何不吃这份食物，然后度过这一天一夜，摆脱饥饿和虚弱呢？’ |
| So taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ bhuñjitvā jighacchādubbalyaṃ paṭivinodetvā evaṃ taṃ rattindivaṃ vītināmeyya. |
And that’s what they did. |
他们就是这样做的。 |
| Kiñcāpi so, bhikkhave, bhikkhu taṃ piṇḍapātaṃ bhuñjitvā jighacchādubbalyaṃ paṭivinodetvā evaṃ taṃ rattindivaṃ vītināmeyya, atha kho asuyeva me purimo bhikkhu pujjataro ca pāsaṃsataro ca. |
Even though that monk, after eating the alms-food, spent the day and night rid of hunger and weakness, it is the former monk who is more worthy of respect and praise. |
尽管那名比丘吃了食物后，摆脱了饥饿和虚弱地度过了一天一夜，但前一位比丘更值得尊敬和赞扬。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么会这样？ |
| Tañhi tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno dīgharattaṃ appicchatāya santuṭṭhiyā sallekhāya subharatāya vīriyārambhāya saṃvattissati. |
Because for a long time that will conduce to that monk being of few wishes, content, self-effacing, easy to look after, and energetic. |
因为长期以来，那将有助于那位比丘少欲、知足、谦逊、易于照料、精进。 |
| Tasmātiha me, bhikkhave, dhammadāyādā bhavatha, mā āmisadāyādā. |
So, monks, be my heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things. |
所以，比丘们，你们要成为我的法嗣，而不是物质的继承者。 |
| Atthi me tumhesu anukampā: |
Out of compassion for you, I think: |
出于对你们的慈悲，我这样想： |
| ‘kinti me sāvakā dhammadāyādā bhaveyyuṃ, no āmisadāyādā’”ti. |
‘How can my disciples become heirs in the ☸Dharma, not in material things?’” |
‘我的弟子们如何才能成为法的继承者，而不是物质的继承者呢？’” |
| “Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekaṃ nānusikkhanti, kittāvatā ca pana satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekamanusikkhantī”ti? |
“Reverends, how do the disciples of a Teacher who lives in judicious-seclusion not train in judicious-seclusion? And how do they train in judicious-seclusion?” |
“尊者们，一位住于明智独处的老师的弟子们，如何不修习明智独处？以及他们如何修习明智独处？” |
| “Dūratopi kho mayaṃ, āvuso, āgacchāma āyasmato sāriputtassa santike etassa bhāsitassa atthamaññātuṃ. |
“Reverend, we would travel a long way to learn the meaning of this statement in the presence of Venerable Sāriputta. |
“尊者，我们愿远行，只为在尊者舍利弗座下学习此话的含义。 |
| Sādhu vatāyasmantaṃyeva sāriputtaṃ paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho; |
May Venerable Sāriputta himself please clarify the meaning of this. |
愿尊者舍利弗亲自阐明此义。 |
| āyasmato sāriputtassa sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti. |
The monks will listen and remember it.” |
众比丘将恭听并铭记于心。” |
| “Tena hāvuso, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti. |
“Well then, reverends, listen and pay close attention, I will speak.” |
“那么，尊者们，请听并仔细注意，我将要讲。” |
| “Evamāvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. |
“Yes, reverend,” they replied. |
“是的，尊者，”他们答道。 |
| Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca: |
Sāriputta said this: |
舍利弗说了这些： |
| “Kittāvatā nu kho, āvuso, satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekaṃ nānusikkhanti? |
“Reverends, how do the disciples of a Teacher who lives in judicious-seclusion not train in judicious-seclusion? |
“尊者们，一位住于明智独处的老师的弟子们，如何不修习明智独处？ |
| Idhāvuso, satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekaṃ nānusikkhanti, |
The disciples of a teacher who lives in judicious-seclusion do not train in judicious-seclusion. |
一位住于明智独处的老师的弟子们不修习明智独处。 |
| yesañca dhammānaṃ satthā pahānamāha, te ca dhamme nappajahanti, |
They don’t give up what the Teacher tells them to give up. |
他们不放弃老师让他们放弃的东西。 |
| bāhulikā ca honti, sāthalikā, okkamane pubbaṅgamā, paviveke nikkhittadhurā. |
They’re indulgent and slack, leaders in backsliding, neglecting judicious-seclusion. |
他们放纵懈怠，退步的带头人，忽视明智独处。 |
| Tatrāvuso, therā bhikkhū tīhi ṭhānehi gārayhā bhavanti. |
In this case, the senior monks should be criticized on three grounds. |
在这种情况下，长老比丘应受到三方面的批评。 |
| Kittāvatā ca panāvuso, satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekamanusikkhanti? |
And how do the disciples of a teacher who lives in judicious-seclusion train in judicious-seclusion? |
那么，一位住于明智独处的老师的弟子们，如何修习明智独处？ |
| Idhāvuso, satthu pavivittassa viharato sāvakā vivekamanusikkhanti— |
The disciples of a teacher who lives in judicious-seclusion train in judicious-seclusion. |
一位住于明智独处的老师的弟子们修习明智独处。 |
| yesañca dhammānaṃ satthā pahānamāha te ca dhamme pajahanti; |
They give up what the Teacher tells them to give up. |
他们放弃老师让他们放弃的东西。 |
| na ca bāhulikā honti, na sāthalikā okkamane nikkhittadhurā paviveke pubbaṅgamā. |
They’re not indulgent and slack, leaders in backsliding, neglecting judicious-seclusion. |
他们不放纵懈怠，不是退步的带头人，不忽视明智独处。 |
| Tatrāvuso, therā bhikkhū tīhi ṭhānehi pāsaṃsā bhavanti. |
In this case, the senior monks should be praised on three grounds. |
在这种情况下，长老比丘应受到三方面的赞扬。 |
| Tatrāvuso, lobho ca pāpako doso ca pāpako. |
The bad thing here is greed and hate. |
这里的恶是贪婪和憎恨。 |
| Lobhassa ca pahānāya dosassa ca pahānāya atthi majjhimā paṭipadā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. |
There is a middle way of practice for giving up greed and hate. It gives vision and knowledge, and leads to peace, direct knowledge, awakening, and nirvana. |
有一条中道修行，用于舍弃贪婪和憎恨。它带来洞察和知识，并引向和平、直接知识、觉醒和涅槃。 |
| Katamā ca sā, āvuso, majjhimā paṭipadā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati? |
And what is that middle way? |
那中道是什么？ |
| Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ— |
It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is: |
它就是这八圣道分，即： |
| sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi. |
right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right rememberfulness, and right undistractible-lucidity. |
正见、正思、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。 |
| Ayaṃ kho sā, āvuso, majjhimā paṭipadā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. |
This is that middle way, which gives vision and knowledge, and leads to peace, direct knowledge, awakening, and nirvana. |
这就是那中道，它带来洞察和知识，并引向和平、直接知识、觉醒和涅槃。 |
| Tatrāvuso, kodho ca pāpako upanāho ca pāpako … pe … |
The bad thing here is anger and hostility. … |
这里的恶是愤怒和敌意。…… |
| makkho ca pāpako paḷāso ca pāpako, |
offensiveness and contempt … |
冒犯和轻蔑…… |
| issā ca pāpikā maccherañca pāpakaṃ, |
envy and stinginess … |
嫉妒和吝啬…… |
| māyā ca pāpikā sāṭheyyañca pāpakaṃ, |
deceit and deviousness … |
欺骗和狡诈…… |
| thambho ca pāpako sārambho ca pāpako, |
obstinacy and aggression … |
顽固和攻击性…… |
| māno ca pāpako atimāno ca pāpako, |
conceit and arrogance … |
自负和傲慢…… |
| mado ca pāpako pamādo ca pāpako. |
vanity and negligence. |
虚荣和懈怠。 |
| Madassa ca pahānāya pamādassa ca pahānāya atthi majjhimā paṭipadā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati. |
There is a middle way of practice for giving up vanity and negligence. It gives vision and knowledge, and leads to peace, direct knowledge, awakening, and nirvana. |
有一条中道修行，用于舍弃虚荣和懈怠。它带来洞察和知识，并引向和平、直接知识、觉醒和涅槃。 |
| Katamā ca sā, āvuso, majjhimā paṭipadā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati? |
And what is that middle way? |
那中道是什么？ |
| Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ— |
It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is: |
它就是这八圣道分，即： |
| sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi. |
right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right rememberfulness, and right undistractible-lucidity. |
正见、正思、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。 |
| Ayaṃ kho sā, āvuso, majjhimā paṭipadā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattatī”ti. |
This is that middle way, which gives vision and knowledge, and leads to peace, direct knowledge, awakening, and nirvana.” |
这就是那中道，它带来洞察和知识，并引向和平、直接知识、觉醒和涅槃。” |
