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(derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) |
（摘自B. Sujato 2018/12） |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
如是我闻。 |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā campāyaṃ viharati gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre mahatā bhikkhusaṃghena saddhiṃ. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Campā on the banks of the Gaggarā Lotus Pond together with a large Saṅgha of monks. |
一时，佛陀与大比丘僧团一同住在瞻波城，伽伽拉莲池岸边。 |
| Atha kho pesso ca hatthārohaputto kandarako ca paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā pesso hatthārohaputto bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. |
Then Pessa the elephant driver’s son and Kandaraka the wanderer went to see the Buddha. When they had approached, Pessa bowed and sat down to one side. |
那时，象夫之子佩萨和游方者坎达拉卡去见佛陀。他们走近后，佩萨顶礼，坐到一旁。 |
| Kandarako pana paribbājako bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. |
But the wanderer Kandaraka exchanged greetings with the Buddha and stood to one side. |
但游方者坎达拉卡与佛陀寒暄后，站到一旁。 |
| Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho kandarako paribbājako tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṃghaṃ anuviloketvā bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
He looked around the monk Saṅgha, who were so very silent, and said to the Buddha: |
他环顾四周，看到比丘僧团非常寂静，便对佛陀说： |
| “acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama. |
“It’s incredible, Master Gotama, it’s amazing! |
“乔达摩大师，真是不可思议，真是令人惊叹！ |
| Yāvañcidaṃ bhotā gotamena sammā bhikkhusaṃgho paṭipādito. |
How the monk Saṅgha has been led to practice properly by Master Gotama! |
乔达摩大师是如何引导比丘僧团正确修行的！ |
| Yepi te, bho gotama, ahesuṃ atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto etaparamaṃyeva sammā bhikkhusaṃghaṃ paṭipādesuṃ— |
All the perfected ones, the fully awakened Buddhas in the past or the future who lead the monk Saṅgha to practice properly will at best do so |
所有过去或未来引导比丘僧团正确修行的阿罗汉、正等正觉的佛陀，最多也只能做到 |
| seyyathāpi etarahi bhotā gotamena sammā bhikkhusaṃgho paṭipādito. |
like Master Gotama does in the present.” |
像乔达摩大师现在这样。” |
| Yepi te, bho gotama, bhavissanti anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā tepi bhagavanto etaparamaṃyeva sammā bhikkhusaṃghaṃ paṭipādessanti— |
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| seyyathāpi etarahi bhotā gotamena sammā bhikkhusaṃgho paṭipādito”ti. |
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| Santi hi, kandaraka, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṃghe arahanto khīṇāsavā vusitavanto katakaraṇīyā ohitabhārā anuppattasadatthā parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanā sammadaññāvimuttā. |
For in this monk Saṅgha there are perfected monks, who have ended the defilements, completed the spiritual journey, done what had to be done, laid down the burden, achieved their own goal, utterly ended the fetters of rebirth, and are rightly freed through enlightenment. |
因为这个比丘僧团中有阿罗汉比丘，他们已尽诸漏，梵行已立，所作已办，舍弃重担，证得己利，彻底断除轮回的系缚，并通过解脱而正解脱。 |
| Santi hi, kandaraka, bhikkhū imasmiṃ bhikkhusaṃghe sekkhā santatasīlā santatavuttino nipakā nipakavuttino; |
And in this monk Saṅgha there are trainee monks who are consistently ethical, living consistently, self-disciplined, living in a disciplined manner. |
而这个比丘僧团中也有学处比丘，他们始终如一地遵守戒律，生活有规律，自律，生活有纪律。 |
| te catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacittā viharanti. |
They meditate with their minds firmly established in the four kinds of remembering meditation. |
他们以心坚定地安住于四种念处而禅修。 |
| Katamesu catūsu? |
What four? |
哪四种？ |
| Idha, kandaraka, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; |
It’s when a monk meditates by observing an aspect of the body—keen, aware, and rememberful, rid of desire and aversion for the world. |
就是比丘禅修时观察身体的某一方面——精进、警觉、正念，离弃对世间的贪欲和厌恶。 |
| vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; |
They meditate observing an aspect of feelings—keen, aware, and rememberful, rid of desire and aversion for the world. |
他们禅修时观察感受的某一方面——精进、警觉、正念，离弃对世间的贪欲和厌恶。 |
| citte cittānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; |
They meditate observing an aspect of the mind—keen, aware, and rememberful, rid of desire and aversion for the world. |
他们禅修时观察心的某一方面——精进、警觉、正念，离弃对世间的贪欲和厌恶。 |
| dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassan”ti. |
They meditate observing an aspect of principles—keen, aware, and rememberful, rid of desire and aversion for the world.” |
他们禅修时观察法理的某一方面——精进、警觉、正念，离弃对世间的贪欲和厌恶。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, pesso hatthārohaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When he had spoken, Pessa said to the Buddha: |
他说完后，佩萨对佛陀说： |
| “acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante. |
“It’s incredible, sir, it’s amazing, |
“世尊，真是不可思议，真是令人惊叹， |
| Yāva supaññattā cime, bhante, bhagavatā cattāro satipaṭṭhānā sattānaṃ visuddhiyā sokaparidevānaṃ samatikkamāya dukkhadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya. |
how much the Buddha has clearly described the four kinds of remembering meditation! They are in order to purify sentient beings, to get past sorrow and crying, to make an end of pain and sadness, to complete the procedure, and to realize nirvana. |
佛陀如此清楚地描述了四种念处！它们是为了净化有情众生，超越悲伤和哭泣，止息痛苦和忧伤，完成修行过程，并证得涅槃。 |
| Mayampi hi, bhante, gihī odātavasanā kālena kālaṃ imesu catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacittā viharāma. |
For we white-clothed laypeople also from time to time meditate with our minds well established in the four kinds of remembering meditation. |
因为我们白衣居士也时不时地以心安住于四种念处而禅修。 |
| Idha mayaṃ, bhante, kāye kāyānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; |
We meditate observing an aspect of the body … |
我们禅修时观察身体的某一方面…… |
| vedanāsu vedanānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; |
feelings … |
感受…… |
| citte cittānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; |
mind … |
心…… |
| dhammesu dhammānupassino viharāma ātāpino sampajānā satimanto, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. |
principles—keen, aware, and rememberful, rid of desire and aversion for the world. |
法理——精进、警觉、正念，离弃对世间的贪欲和厌恶。 |
| Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante. |
It’s incredible, sir, it’s amazing! |
世尊，真是不可思议，真是令人惊叹！ |
| Yāvañcidaṃ, bhante, bhagavā evaṃ manussagahane evaṃ manussakasaṭe evaṃ manussasāṭheyye vattamāne sattānaṃ hitāhitaṃ jānāti. |
How the Buddha knows what’s best for sentient beings, even though people continue to be so shady, rotten, and tricky. |
佛陀是如何知道最适合有情众生的方法的，即使人们仍然如此阴暗、腐朽、狡诈。 |
| Gahanañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ manussā; |
For human beings are shady, sir, |
因为人类是阴暗的，世尊， |
| uttānakañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ pasavo. |
while the animal is obvious. |
而动物是显而易见的。 |
| Ahañhi, bhante, pahomi hatthidammaṃ sāretuṃ. |
For I can drive an elephant in training, |
因为我可以训练一头大象， |
| Yāvatakena antarena campaṃ gatāgataṃ karissati sabbāni tāni sāṭheyyāni kūṭeyyāni vaṅkeyyāni jimheyyāni pātukarissati. |
and while going back and forth in Campā it’ll try all the tricks, bluffs, ruses, and feints that it can. |
它在瞻波来来回回时会使出所有能用的伎俩、虚张声势、诡计和假动作。 |
| Amhākaṃ pana, bhante, dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā aññathāva kāyena samudācaranti aññathāva vācāya aññathāva nesaṃ cittaṃ hoti. |
But my bondservants, employees, and workers behave one way by body, another by speech, and their minds another. |
但我的佣人、雇员和工人，他们的身体行为是一回事，言语行为是另一回事，心又是另一回事。 |
| Acchariyaṃ, bhante, abbhutaṃ, bhante. |
It’s incredible, sir, it’s amazing! |
世尊，真是不可思议，真是令人惊叹！ |
| Yāvañcidaṃ, bhante, bhagavā evaṃ manussagahane evaṃ manussakasaṭe evaṃ manussasāṭheyye vattamāne sattānaṃ hitāhitaṃ jānāti. |
How the Buddha knows what’s best for sentient beings, even though people continue to be so shady, rotten, and tricky. |
佛陀是如何知道最适合有情众生的方法的，即使人们仍然如此阴暗、腐朽、狡诈。 |
| Gahanañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ manussā; |
For human beings are shady, sir, |
因为人类是阴暗的，世尊， |
| uttānakañhetaṃ, bhante, yadidaṃ pasavo”ti. |
while the animal is obvious.” |
而动物是显而易见的。” |
| Idha, pessa, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; |
One person mortifies themselves, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves. |
一个人折磨自己，致力于折磨自己的修行。 |
| idha pana, pessa, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; |
One person mortifies others, committed to the practice of mortifying others. |
一个人折磨他人，致力于折磨他人的修行。 |
| idha pana, pessa, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; |
One person mortifies themselves and others, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves and others. |
一个人折磨自己和他人，致力于折磨自己和他人的修行。 |
| idha pana, pessa, ekacco puggalo nevattantapo hoti nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
One person doesn’t mortify either themselves or others, committed to the practice of not mortifying themselves or others. |
一个人既不折磨自己也不折磨他人，致力于不折磨自己或他人的修行。 |
| So anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati. |
They live without wishes in the present life, nirvana'd, cooled, experiencing pleasure, having become holy in themselves. |
他们今生无欲无求地生活，已证涅槃，心已冷却，体验着快乐，自身已成圣洁。 |
| Imesaṃ, pessa, catunnaṃ puggalānaṃ katamo te puggalo cittaṃ ārādhetī”ti? |
Which one of these four people do you like the sound of?” |
这四种人中，你喜欢听哪一种？” |
| “Kasmā pana te, pessa, ime tayo puggalā cittaṃ nārādhentī”ti? |
“But why don’t you like the sound of those three people?” |
“但你为什么不喜欢听那三种人？” |
| “Yvāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so attānaṃ sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ ātāpeti paritāpeti— |
“Sir, the person who mortifies themselves does so even though they want to be happy and recoil from pain. |
“世尊，折磨自己的人这样做，即使他们想要快乐并回避痛苦。 |
| iminā me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. |
That’s why I don’t like the sound of that person. |
这就是为什么我不喜欢听那种人。 |
| Yopāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so paraṃ sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ ātāpeti paritāpeti— |
The person who mortifies others does so even though others want to be happy and recoil from pain. |
折磨他人的人这样做，即使他人想要快乐并回避痛苦。 |
| iminā me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. |
That’s why I don’t like the sound of that person. |
这就是为什么我不喜欢听那种人。 |
| Yopāyaṃ, bhante, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so attānañca parañca sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ ātāpeti paritāpeti— |
The person who mortifies themselves and others does so even though both themselves and others want to be happy and recoil from pain. |
折磨自己和他人的人这样做，即使他们自己和他人想要快乐并回避痛苦。 |
| iminā me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ nārādheti. |
That’s why I don’t like the sound of that person. |
这就是为什么我不喜欢听那种人。 |
| Yo ca kho ayaṃ, bhante, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati; |
The person who doesn’t mortify either themselves or others—living without wishes, nirvana'd, cooled, experiencing pleasure, having become holy in themselves—does not torment themselves or others, both of whom want to be happy and recoil from pain. |
既不折磨自己也不折磨他人的人——无欲无求地生活，已证涅槃，心已冷却，体验着快乐，自身已成圣洁——他们不折磨自己也不折磨他人，而两者都想要快乐并回避痛苦。 |
| so attānañca parañca sukhakāmaṃ dukkhapaṭikkūlaṃ neva ātāpeti na paritāpeti— |
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| iminā me ayaṃ puggalo cittaṃ ārādheti. |
That’s why I like the sound of that person. |
这就是为什么我喜欢听那种人。 |
| Handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bhante, gacchāma; |
Well, now, sir, I must go. |
那么，世尊，我必须走了。 |
| bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā”ti. |
I have many duties, and much to do.” |
我有很多职责，有很多事要做。” |
| “Yassadāni tvaṃ, pessa, kālaṃ maññasī”ti. |
“Please, Pessa, go at your convenience.” |
“请吧，佩萨，请便。” |
| Atha kho pesso hatthārohaputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. |
And then Pessa the elephant driver’s son approved and agreed with what the Buddha said. He got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right, before leaving. |
于是，象夫之子佩萨赞同并同意了佛陀所说的话。他从座位上起身，顶礼，恭敬地右绕佛陀后离开。 |
| Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkante pesse hatthārohaputte bhikkhū āmantesi: |
Then, not long after he had left, the Buddha addressed the monks: |
然后，在他离开后不久，佛陀对比丘们说： |
| “paṇḍito, bhikkhave, pesso hatthārohaputto; |
“monks, Pessa the elephant driver’s son is astute. |
“比丘们，象夫之子佩萨是明智的。 |
| mahāpañño, bhikkhave, pesso hatthārohaputto. |
He has great wisdom. |
他有大智慧。 |
| Sace, bhikkhave, pesso hatthārohaputto muhuttaṃ nisīdeyya yāvassāhaṃ ime cattāro puggale vitthārena vibhajissāmi, mahatā atthena saṃyutto abhavissa. |
If he had sat here a little longer so that I could have analyzed these four people in detail, he would have greatly benefited. |
如果他再坐久一点，我就可以详细分析这四种人，他就会受益匪浅。 |
| Api ca, bhikkhave, ettāvatāpi pesso hatthārohaputto mahatā atthena saṃyutto”ti. |
Still, even with this much he has already greatly benefited.” |
尽管如此，即使只是这些，他已经受益匪浅了。” |
| “Etassa, bhagavā, kālo, etassa, sugata, kālo, |
“Now is the time, Blessed One! Now is the time, Holy One! |
“现在正是时候，世尊！现在正是时候，圣者！ |
| yaṃ bhagavā ime cattāro puggale vitthārena vibhajeyya. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti. |
May the Buddha analyze these four people in detail. The monks will listen and remember it.” |
愿佛陀详细分析这四种人。比丘们将聆听并记住。” |
| “Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha, bhāsissāmī”ti. |
“Well then, monks, listen and pay close attention, I will speak.” |
“那么，比丘们，仔细听，认真注意，我将要讲。” |
| “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. |
“Yes, sir,” they replied. |
“是的，世尊，”他们回答道。 |
| Bhagavā etadavoca: |
The Buddha said this: |
佛陀如是说： |
| “Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo acelako hoti muttācāro hatthāpalekhano naehibhaddantiko natiṭṭhabhaddantiko; nābhihaṭaṃ na uddissakataṃ na nimantanaṃ sādiyati; |
“And what person mortifies themselves, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves? It’s when someone goes naked, ignoring conventions. They lick their hands, and don’t come or wait when asked. They don’t consent to food brought to them, or food prepared for them, or an invitation for a meal. |
“那么，哪种人折磨自己，致力于折磨自己的修行？就是有人裸体，不顾习俗。他们舔自己的手，被要求时既不来也不等。他们不接受别人送来的食物，不接受为他们准备的食物，也不接受餐宴的邀请。 |
| so na kumbhimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti na kaḷopimukhā paṭiggaṇhāti na eḷakamantaraṃ na daṇḍamantaraṃ na musalamantaraṃ na dvinnaṃ bhuñjamānānaṃ na gabbhiniyā na pāyamānāya na purisantaragatāya na saṅkittīsu na yattha sā upaṭṭhito hoti na yattha makkhikā saṇḍasaṇḍacārinī; na macchaṃ na maṃsaṃ na suraṃ na merayaṃ na thusodakaṃ pivati. |
They don’t receive anything from a pot or bowl; or from someone who keeps sheep, or who has a weapon or a shovel in their home; or where a couple is eating; or where there is a woman who is pregnant, breastfeeding, or who has a man in her home; or where there’s a dog waiting or flies buzzing. They accept no fish or meat or liquor or wine, and drink no beer. |
他们不从罐子或碗里接受任何东西；不从养羊的人那里接受；不从家里有武器或铲子的人那里接受；不从一对夫妇正在吃饭的地方接受；不从有孕妇、哺乳期妇女或家里有男人的人那里接受；不从有狗等待或苍蝇嗡嗡叫的地方接受。他们不接受鱼、肉、烈酒或葡萄酒，也不喝啤酒。 |
| So ekāgāriko vā hoti ekālopiko, dvāgāriko vā hoti dvālopiko … pe … sattāgāriko vā hoti sattālopiko; |
They go to just one house for alms, taking just one mouthful, or two houses and two mouthfuls, up to seven houses and seven mouthfuls. |
他们只去一家乞食，只吃一口，或两家吃两口，最多七家吃七口。 |
| ekissāpi dattiyā yāpeti, dvīhipi dattīhi yāpeti … pe … sattahipi dattīhi yāpeti; |
They feed on one saucer a day, two saucers a day, up to seven saucers a day. |
他们每天吃一小碟，每天吃两小碟，最多每天吃七小碟。 |
| ekāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti, dvīhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti … pe … sattāhikampi āhāraṃ āhāreti—iti evarūpaṃ aḍḍhamāsikaṃ pariyāyabhattabhojanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. |
They eat once a day, once every second day, up to once a week, and so on, even up to once a fortnight. They live committed to the practice of eating food at set intervals. |
他们每天吃一次，或每两天吃一次，最多每周吃一次，等等，甚至每两周吃一次。他们致力于间隔进食的修行。 |
| So sāṇānipi dhāreti, masāṇānipi dhāreti, chavadussānipi dhāreti, paṃsukūlānipi dhāreti, tirīṭānipi dhāreti, ajinampi dhāreti, ajinakkhipampi dhāreti, kusacīrampi dhāreti, vākacīrampi dhāreti, phalakacīrampi dhāreti, kesakambalampi dhāreti, vāḷakambalampi dhāreti, ulūkapakkhampi dhāreti; |
They wear robes of sunn hemp, mixed hemp, corpse-wrapping cloth, rags, lodh tree bark, antelope hide (whole or in strips), kusa grass, bark, wood-chips, human hair, horse-tail hair, or owls’ wings. |
他们穿着大麻布、混纺麻布、裹尸布、破布、罗德树皮、羚羊皮（整块或条状）、古沙草、树皮、木屑、人发、马尾毛或猫头鹰翅膀制成的袍子。 |
| kesamassulocakopi hoti, kesamassulocanānuyogamanuyutto, |
They tear out their hair and beard, committed to this practice. |
他们拔掉头发和胡须，致力于这种修行。 |
| ubbhaṭṭhakopi hoti āsanapaṭikkhitto, |
They constantly stand, refusing seats. |
他们一直站着，拒绝坐下。 |
| ukkuṭikopi hoti ukkuṭikappadhānamanuyutto, |
They squat, committed to the endeavor of squatting. |
他们蹲着，致力于蹲着的努力。 |
| kaṇṭakāpassayikopi hoti kaṇṭakāpassaye seyyaṃ kappeti; |
They lie on a mat of thorns, making a mat of thorns their bed. |
他们躺在荆棘垫上，以荆棘垫为床。 |
| sāyatatiyakampi udakorohanānuyogamanuyutto viharati— |
They’re committed to the practice of undistractible-lucidity in water three times a day, including the evening. |
他们致力于每天三次在水中保持不散乱的明晰，包括晚上。 |
| iti evarūpaṃ anekavihitaṃ kāyassa ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. |
And so they live committed to practicing these various ways of mortifying and tormenting the body. |
因此，他们致力于实践这些各种各样的折磨和苦恼身体的方式。 |
| Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
This is called a person who mortifies themselves, being committed to the practice of mortifying themselves. |
这被称为折磨自己的人，致力于折磨自己的修行。 |
| Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? |
And what person mortifies themselves and others, being committed to the practice of mortifying themselves and others? |
那么，哪种人折磨自己和他人，致力于折磨自己和他人的修行？ |
| Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo rājā vā hoti khattiyo muddhāvasitto brāhmaṇo vā mahāsālo. |
It’s when a person is an anointed king or a well-to-do brahmin. |
就是一个人是受灌顶的国王或富裕的婆罗门。 |
| So puratthimena nagarassa navaṃ santhāgāraṃ kārāpetvā kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kharājinaṃ nivāsetvā sappitelena kāyaṃ abbhañjitvā magavisāṇena piṭṭhiṃ kaṇḍuvamāno navaṃ santhāgāraṃ pavisati saddhiṃ mahesiyā brāhmaṇena ca purohitena. |
He has a new temple built to the east of the city. He shaves off his hair and beard, dresses in a rough antelope hide, and smears his body with ghee and oil. Scratching his back with antlers, he enters the temple with his chief queen and the brahmin high priest. |
他在城东建造了一座新庙。他剃光头发和胡须，穿上粗糙的羚羊皮，身体涂抹酥油和油。用鹿角挠背，他与王后和婆罗门大祭司一起进入庙宇。 |
| So tattha anantarahitāya bhūmiyā haritupalittāya seyyaṃ kappeti. |
There he lies on the bare ground strewn with grass. |
在那里他躺在铺着草的裸露地面上。 |
| Ekissāya gāviyā sarūpavacchāya yaṃ ekasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena rājā yāpeti, yaṃ dutiyasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena mahesī yāpeti, yaṃ tatiyasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena brāhmaṇo purohito yāpeti, yaṃ catutthasmiṃ thane khīraṃ hoti tena aggiṃ juhati, avasesena vacchako yāpeti. |
The king feeds on the milk from one teat of a cow that has a calf of the same color. The chief queen feeds on the milk from the second teat. The brahmin high priest feeds on the milk from the third teat. The milk from the fourth teat is offered to the flames. The calf feeds on the remainder. |
国王喝一头同色小牛母牛的一个乳头的奶。王后喝第二个乳头的奶。婆罗门大祭司喝第三个乳头的奶。第四个乳头的奶被献给火焰。小牛喝剩下的奶。 |
| So evamāha: |
He says: |
他说： |
| ‘ettakā usabhā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatarā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā vacchatariyo haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā ajā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā urabbhā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā assā haññantu yaññatthāya, ettakā rukkhā chijjantu yūpatthāya, ettakā dabbhā lūyantu barihisatthāyā’ti. |
‘Slaughter this many bulls, bullocks, heifers, goats, rams, and horses for the sacrifice! Fell this many trees and reap this much grass for the sacrificial equipment!’ |
“为祭祀宰杀这么多公牛、小公牛、小母牛、山羊、公羊和马！砍伐这么多树木，收割这么多草用于祭祀用品！” |
| Yepissa te honti dāsāti vā pessāti vā kammakarāti vā tepi daṇḍatajjitā bhayatajjitā assumukhā rudamānā parikammāni karonti. |
His bondservants, employees, and workers do their jobs under threat of punishment and danger, weeping with tearful faces. |
他的佣人、雇员和工人在惩罚和危险的威胁下工作，哭泣着，脸上挂着泪水。 |
| Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
This is called a person who mortifies themselves and others, being committed to the practice of mortifying themselves and others. |
这被称为折磨自己和他人的人，致力于折磨自己和他人的修行。 |
| Katamo ca, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati? |
And what person doesn’t mortify either themselves or others, but lives without wishes, nirvana'd, cooled, experiencing pleasure, having become holy in themselves? |
那么，哪种人既不折磨自己也不折磨他人，而是无欲无求地生活，已证涅槃，心已冷却，体验着快乐，自身已成圣洁？ |
| Idha, bhikkhave, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. |
It’s when a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed. |
就是世间出现了一位如来，阿罗汉，正等正觉的佛陀，明行具足，善逝，世间解，无上士，调御丈夫，天人师，佛，世尊。 |
| So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. |
He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras and Brahmās, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others. |
他以自己的洞察力证得此世间——及其神、魔罗和梵天，此世间的沙门、婆罗门、天人和人类——并将其告知他人。 |
| So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. |
He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. |
他教导佛法，开端善，中间善，结尾善，有意义且措辞精妙。他揭示了一种完全圆满纯净的梵行。 |
| Taṃ dhammaṃ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṃ vā kule paccājāto. |
A householder hears that teaching, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in some clan. |
一位居士听闻此教法，或一位居士的儿子，或某个家族中出生的人。 |
| So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. |
They gain faith in the Realized One, |
他们对如来生起信心， |
| So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati: |
and reflect: |
并思惟： |
| ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. |
‘Living in a house is cramped and dirty, but the life of one gone forth is wide open. |
“居家生活是狭窄和污秽的，而出家人的生活是广阔的。 |
| Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. |
It’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell. |
对于居家生活的人来说，要过上完全圆满纯净的梵行，像一个擦亮的贝壳一样，并不容易。 |
| Yannūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyyan’ti. |
Why don’t I shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness?’ |
我为什么不剃除头发和胡须，穿上袈裟，从居家生活出家为无家可归者呢？” |
| So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya, mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya, appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya, mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya, kesamassuṃ ohāretvā, kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati. |
After some time they give up a large or small fortune, and a large or small family circle. They shave off hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness. |
过了一段时间，他们放弃了或大或小的财富，或大或小的家庭圈子。他们剃除头发和胡须，穿上袈裟，从居家生活出家为无家可归者。 |
| So evaṃ pabbajito samāno bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho, lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharati. |
Once they’ve gone forth, they take up the training and livelihood of the monks. They give up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. They’re scrupulous and kind, living full of compassion for all living beings. |
一旦出家，他们就接受比丘的训练和生活。他们放弃杀生，舍弃棍棒和刀剑。他们细致谨慎，心怀慈悲地对待所有有情众生。 |
| Adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharati. |
They give up stealing. They take only what’s given, and expect only what’s given. They keep themselves clean by not thieving. |
他们放弃偷盗。他们只取所给，只期望所给。他们通过不偷盗来保持自身的清净。 |
| Abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī hoti ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. |
They give up unchastity. They are celibate, set apart, avoiding the common practice of sex. |
他们放弃不净行。他们是独身者，独自生活，避免普遍的性行为。 |
| Musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato hoti saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. |
They give up lying. They speak the truth and stick to the truth. They’re honest and trustworthy, and don’t trick the world with their words. |
他们放弃妄语。他们说真话，坚持真话。他们诚实可靠，不以言语欺骗世人。 |
| Pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā na imesaṃ akkhātā amūsaṃ bhedāya—iti bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā sahitānaṃ vā anuppadātā samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
They give up divisive speech. They don’t repeat in one place what they heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, they reconcile those who are divided, supporting unity, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony. |
他们放弃离间语。他们不把在这里听到的告诉那里，以便挑拨离间。相反，他们调和分裂的人，支持团结，乐于和谐，热爱和谐，说促进和谐的话。 |
| Pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. |
They give up harsh speech. They speak in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, lovely, going to the heart, polite, likable and agreeable to the people. |
他们放弃恶口。他们说话温和，悦耳，可爱，入心，有礼，受人喜爱和赞同。 |
| Samphappalāpaṃ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī, nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā kālena sāpadesaṃ pariyantavatiṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. |
They give up talking nonsense. Their words are timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the teaching and training. They say things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial. |
他们放弃无意义的话。他们的话语适时、真实、有意义，符合教义和训练。他们在适当的时候说有价值、合理、简洁、有益的话。 |
| So bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato hoti, |
They avoid injuring plants and seeds. |
他们避免伤害植物和种子。 |
| ekabhattiko hoti rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā; |
They eat in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night and food at the wrong time. |
他们在一天的某个时间进食，避免夜间进食和不合时宜的食物。 |
| naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭivirato hoti; |
They avoid dancing, singing, music, and seeing shows. |
他们避免跳舞、唱歌、音乐和看表演。 |
| mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti; |
They avoid beautifying and adorning themselves with garlands, perfumes, and makeup. |
他们避免用花环、香水和化妆品美化和装饰自己。 |
| uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato hoti; |
They avoid high and luxurious beds. |
他们避免高贵和奢华的床铺。 |
| jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
They avoid receiving gold and money, |
他们避免接受金钱， |
| āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
raw grains, |
生谷物， |
| āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
raw meat, |
生肉， |
| itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
women and girls, |
妇女和女孩， |
| dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
male and female bondservants, |
男女佣人， |
| ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
goats and sheep, |
山羊和绵羊， |
| kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
chickens and pigs, |
鸡和猪， |
| hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
elephants, cows, horses, and mares, |
大象、牛、马和母马， |
| khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato hoti; |
and fields and land. |
以及田地和土地。 |
| dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato hoti; |
They avoid running errands and messages; |
他们避免跑腿和送信； |
| kayavikkayā paṭivirato hoti; |
buying and selling; |
买卖； |
| tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā paṭivirato hoti; |
falsifying weights, metals, or measures; |
伪造重量、金属或尺寸； |
| ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā paṭivirato hoti; |
bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity; |
贿赂、欺诈、欺骗和两面派； |
| chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā paṭivirato hoti. |
mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence. |
残害、谋杀、绑架、抢劫、掠夺和暴力。 |
| So santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. |
They’re content with robes to look after the body and alms-food to look after the belly. Wherever they go, they set out taking only these things. |
他们满足于用来遮身的袈裟和用来果腹的食物。无论走到哪里，他们只带这些东西。 |
| Seyyathāpi nāma pakkhī sakuṇo yena yeneva ḍeti, sapattabhārova ḍeti; |
They’re like a bird: wherever it flies, wings are its only burden. |
他们就像一只鸟：无论飞到哪里，翅膀是它唯一的负担。 |
| evameva bhikkhu santuṭṭho hoti kāyaparihārikena cīvarena kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamati, samādāyeva pakkamati. |
In the same way, a monk is content with robes to look after the body and alms-food to look after the belly. Wherever they go, they set out taking only these things. |
同样地，一个比丘满足于用来遮身的袈裟和用来果腹的食物。无论走到哪里，他们只带这些东西。 |
| So iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ anavajjasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
When they have this entire spectrum of noble ethics, they experience a blameless happiness inside themselves. |
当他们拥有这完整的圣洁戒律时，他们内心体验到一种无可指责的快乐。 |
| So cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. |
When they see a sight with their eyes, they don’t get caught up in the features and details. |
当他们用眼睛看东西时，他们不执着于特征和细节。 |
| Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. |
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of desire and aversion would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint. |
如果视觉器官不受约束，贪欲和厌恶等不善法就会变得压倒性。因此，他们修行约束，保护视觉器官，并实现其约束。 |
| Sotena saddaṃ sutvā … pe … |
When they hear a sound with their ears … |
当他们用耳朵听声音时…… |
| ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā … pe … |
When they smell an odor with their nose … |
当他们用鼻子闻气味时…… |
| jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā … pe … |
When they taste a flavor with their tongue … |
当他们用舌头品尝味道时…… |
| kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā … pe … |
When they feel a touch with their body … |
当他们用身体感受触觉时…… |
| manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī. |
When they know a thought with their mind, they don’t get caught up in the features and details. |
当他们用心知道思想时，他们不执着于特征和细节。 |
| Yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati, rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. |
If the faculty of mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of desire and aversion would become overwhelming. For this reason, they practice restraint, protecting the faculty of mind, and achieving its restraint. |
如果心识器官不受约束，贪欲和厌恶等不善法就会变得压倒性。因此，他们修行约束，保护心识器官，并实现其约束。 |
| So iminā ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ abyāsekasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
When they have this noble sense restraint, they experience an unsullied pleasure inside themselves. |
当他们拥有这种圣洁的感官约束时，他们内心体验到一种不受污染的快乐。 |
| So iminā ca ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato, imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena satisampajaññena samannāgato |
When they have this noble spectrum of ethics, this noble contentment, this noble sense restraint, and this noble remembering and lucid-discerning, |
当他们拥有这种圣洁的戒律、这种圣洁的知足、这种圣洁的感官约束、以及这种圣洁的正念和明晰的辨别力时， |
| vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajati araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. |
they frequent a secluded lodging—a wilderness, the root of a tree, a hill, a ravine, a mountain cave, a charnel ground, a forest, the open air, a heap of straw. |
他们经常独居僻静的住处——荒野、树下、山丘、山谷、山洞、火葬场、森林、露天场所、草堆。 |
| So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto nisīdati pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. |
After the meal, they return from alms-round, sit down cross-legged with their body straight, and establish remembering right there. |
饭后，他们从乞食回来，盘腿而坐，身体正直，并在那里建立正念。 |
| So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā viharati, abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodheti, |
Giving up desire for the world, they meditate with a heart rid of desire, cleansing the mind of desire. |
舍弃对世间的欲望，他们以无欲之心禅修，清除心中的欲望。 |
| byāpādapadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto viharati sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī, byāpādapadosā cittaṃ parisodheti; |
Giving up ill will, they meditate with a mind rid of ill will, full of compassion for all living beings, cleansing the mind of ill will and malevolence. |
舍弃恶意，他们以无恶意之心禅修，对所有有情众生充满慈悲，清除心中的恶意和怨恨。 |
| thinamiddhaṃ pahāya vigatathinamiddho viharati ālokasaññī sato sampajāno, thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodheti; |
Giving up dullness and drowsiness, they meditate with a mind rid of dullness and drowsiness, perceiving light, rememberful and aware, cleansing the mind of dullness and drowsiness. |
舍弃昏沉和睡眠，他们以无昏沉和睡眠之心禅修，感知光明，正念和警觉，清除心中的昏沉和睡眠。 |
| uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato viharati ajjhattaṃ vūpasantacitto, uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodheti; |
Giving up restlessness and remorse, they meditate without restlessness, their mind peaceful inside, cleansing the mind of restlessness and remorse. |
舍弃躁动和懊悔，他们无躁动地禅修，内心平静，清除心中的躁动和懊悔。 |
| vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho viharati akathaṃkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodheti. |
Giving up doubt, they meditate having gone beyond doubt, not undecided about skillful qualities, cleansing the mind of doubt. |
舍弃疑虑，他们已超越疑虑而禅修，不对善法犹豫不决，清除心中的疑虑。 |
| So ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe, |
They give up these five hindrances, corruptions of the heart that weaken wisdom. |
他们舍弃这五种障碍，这些是削弱智慧的心之染污。 |
| vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; |
Then, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, they enter and remain in the first jhāna, which has the rapture and pleasure born of seclusion, while directing-thought and evaluation. |
然后，完全远离感官享乐，远离不善法，他们进入并安住于初禅，初禅具有因远离而生的喜和乐，以及寻和伺。 |
| vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; |
As the directed-thought and evaluation are stilled, they enter and remain in the second jhāna, which has the rapture and pleasure born of undistractible-lucidity, with internal clarity and confidence, and unified mind, without directing-thought and evaluation. |
随着寻和伺的止息，他们进入并安住于第二禅，第二禅具有因不散乱的明晰而生的喜和乐，内心清明和自信，心意一境，没有寻和伺。 |
| pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti: ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; |
And with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third jhāna, where they meditate with equanimity, rememberful and aware, personally experiencing the pleasure of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and rememberful, one meditates in pleasure.’ |
随着喜的消退，他们进入并安住于第三禅，在那里他们以舍心禅修，正念和警觉，亲自体验圣者所宣称的快乐：“具舍具念，安住乐中。” |
| sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. |
Giving up pleasure and pain, and ending former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth jhāna, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and remembering. |
舍弃乐和苦，止息先前的快乐和忧伤，他们进入并安住于第四禅，无苦无乐，以纯粹的舍心和正念。 |
| So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. |
When their mind has become undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi like this—purified, bright, spotless, rid of taints, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—they extend it toward recollection of past lives. |
当他们的心以这种方式在三摩地中变得不散乱且明晰——清净、明亮、无瑕、无垢、柔顺、易用、稳定、不动——他们将其导向回忆前生。 |
| So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ—ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattālīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe: ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṅgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṅgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. |
They recollect many kinds of past lives, that is, one, two, three, four, five, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, a hundred, a thousand, a hundred thousand rebirths; many eons of the world contracting, many eons of the world evolving, many eons of the world contracting and evolving. They remember: ‘There, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn somewhere else. There, too, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn here.’ And so they recollect their many kinds of past lives, with features and details. |
他们回忆多种前生，即一世、二世、三世、四世、五世、十世、二十世、三十世、四十世、五十世、一百世、一千世、十万世的轮回；许多世界劫的收缩，许多世界劫的演变，许多世界劫的收缩和演变。他们记得：“在那里，我叫这个名字，我的家族是那个，我长这样，那是我的食物。我这样感受快乐和痛苦，我的生命就这样结束了。当我从那里死后，我转生到另一个地方。在那里，我也叫这个名字，我的家族是那个，我长这样，那是我的食物。我这样感受快乐和痛苦，我的生命就这样结束了。当我从那里死后，我转生到这里。”他们就这样回忆起多种前生，具有特征和细节。 |
| So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. |
When their mind has become undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi like this—purified, bright, spotless, rid of taints, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—they extend it toward knowledge of the death and rebirth of sentient beings. |
当他们的心以这种方式在三摩地中变得不散乱且明晰——清净、明亮、无瑕、无垢、柔顺、易用、稳定、不动——他们将其导向了知有情众生的死和生。 |
| So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti: ‘ime vata bhonto sattā kāyaduccaritena samannāgatā vacīduccaritena samannāgatā manoduccaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ upavādakā micchādiṭṭhikā micchādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā; ime vā pana bhonto sattā kāyasucaritena samannāgatā vacīsucaritena samannāgatā manosucaritena samannāgatā ariyānaṃ anupavādakā sammādiṭṭhikā sammādiṭṭhikammasamādānā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā’ti. Iti dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe sugate duggate yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. |
With clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, they see sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. They understand how sentient beings are reborn according to their deeds: ‘These dear beings did bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. They spoke ill of the noble ones; they had wrong view; and they chose to act out of that wrong view. When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. These dear beings, however, did good things by way of body, speech, and mind. They never spoke ill of the noble ones; they had right view; and they chose to act out of that right view. When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm.’ And so, with clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, they see sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. They understand how sentient beings are reborn according to their deeds. |
他们以清净超人天眼，看见有情众生逝去和再生——低劣和高尚，美丽和丑陋，在善处或恶处。他们理解有情众生如何依其业报而转生：“这些可爱的众生在身、语、意方面做了坏事。他们诽谤圣者；他们有邪见；他们选择按照那邪见行事。当他们的身体坏散，死后，他们转生到恶趣、恶处、地狱。然而，这些可爱的众生在身、语、意方面做了好事。他们从不诽谤圣者；他们有正见；他们选择按照那正见行事。当他们的身体坏散，死后，他们转生到善处、天界。”因此，他们以清净超人天眼，看见有情众生逝去和再生——低劣和高尚，美丽和丑陋，在善处或恶处。他们理解有情众生如何依其业报而转生。 |
| So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. |
When their mind has become undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi like this—purified, bright, spotless, rid of taints, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—they extend it toward knowledge of the ending of defilements. |
当他们的心以这种方式在三摩地中变得不散乱且明晰——清净、明亮、无瑕、无垢、柔顺、易用、稳定、不动——他们将其导向了知烦恼的止息。 |
| So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. |
They truly understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering’. |
他们真实地理解：“这是苦”……“这是苦的起源”……“这是苦的止息”……“这是导致苦止息的修行”。 |
| ‘Ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. ‘Ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. |
They truly understand: ‘These are defilements’ … ‘This is the origin of defilements’ … ‘This is the cessation of defilements’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of defilements’. |
他们真实地理解：“这些是烦恼”……“这是烦恼的起源”……“这是烦恼的止息”……“这是导致烦恼止息的修行”。 |
| Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. |
Knowing and seeing like this, their mind is freed from the defilements of sensuality, desire to be reborn, and ignorance. |
这样了知和看见，他们的心就从感官欲望、渴望再生和无明的烦恼中解脱出来。 |
| Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. |
When they’re freed, they know they’re freed. |
当他们解脱时，他们知道自己已解脱。 |
| ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. |
They understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is no return to any state of existence.’ |
他们理解：“再生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不再回到任何存在状态。” |
| Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto, na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
This is called a person who neither mortifies themselves or others, being committed to the practice of not mortifying themselves or others. |
这被称为既不折磨自己也不折磨他人的人，致力于不折磨自己或他人的修行。 |
| So attantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharatī”ti. |
They live without wishes in the present life, nirvana'd, cooled, experiencing pleasure, having become holy in themselves.” |
他们今生无欲无求地生活，已证涅槃，心已冷却，体验着快乐，自身已成圣洁。” |
