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(derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) |
（选自B. Sujato 2018/12） |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
如是我闻。 |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
一时，佛陀住在舍卫城附近祇园，给孤独园。 |
| Atha kho esukārī brāhmaṇo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. |
Then Esukārī the brahmin went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him. |
那时，婆罗门伊苏卡里来到佛陀处，并与他互相问候。 |
| Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho esukārī brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha: |
问候和礼貌的交谈结束后，他坐到一边，对佛陀说： |
| “brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, catasso pāricariyā paññapenti— |
“Master Gotama, the brahmins prescribe four kinds of service: |
“乔达摩大师，婆罗门规定了四种服务： |
| brāhmaṇassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti, khattiyassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti, vessassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti, suddassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. |
for a brahmin, an aristocrat, a merchant, and a worker. |
为婆罗门、刹帝利、吠舍和首陀罗服务。 |
| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti: |
This is the service they prescribe for a brahmin: |
这是他们为婆罗门规定的服务： |
| ‘brāhmaṇo vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyya, khattiyo vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyya, vesso vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyya, suddo vā brāhmaṇaṃ paricareyyā’ti. |
‘A brahmin, an aristocrat, a merchant, and a worker may all serve a brahmin.’ |
‘婆罗门、刹帝利、吠舍和首陀罗都可以为婆罗门服务。’ |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti: |
This is the service they prescribe for an aristocrat: |
这是他们为刹帝利规定的服务： |
| ‘khattiyo vā khattiyaṃ paricareyya, vesso vā khattiyaṃ paricareyya, suddo vā khattiyaṃ paricareyyā’ti. |
‘An aristocrat, a merchant, and a worker may all serve an aristocrat.’ |
‘刹帝利、吠舍和首陀罗都可以为刹帝利服务。’ |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti: |
This is the service they prescribe for a merchant: |
这是他们为吠舍规定的服务： |
| ‘vesso vā vessaṃ paricareyya, suddo vā vessaṃ paricareyyā’ti. |
‘A merchant or a worker may serve a merchant.’ |
‘吠舍或首陀罗可以为吠舍服务。’ |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti: |
This is the service they prescribe for a worker: |
这是他们为首陀罗规定的服务： |
| ‘suddova suddaṃ paricareyya. |
‘Only a worker may serve a worker. |
‘只有首陀罗可以为首陀罗服务。 |
| Ko panañño suddaṃ paricarissatī’ti? |
For who else will serve a worker?’ |
因为还有谁会为首陀罗服务呢？’ |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa pāricariyaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, imā catasso pāricariyā paññapenti. |
These are the four kinds of service that the brahmins prescribe. |
这些是婆罗门规定的四种服务。 |
| Idha bhavaṃ gotamo kimāhā”ti? |
What do you say about this?” |
您对此有何看法？” |
| “Kiṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, sabbo loko brāhmaṇānaṃ etadabbhanujānāti: ‘imā catasso pāricariyā paññapentū’”ti? |
“But brahmin, did the whole world authorize the brahmins to prescribe these four kinds of service?” |
“但是婆罗门，整个世界都授权婆罗门规定这四种服务了吗？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. |
“No, Master Gotama.” |
“没有，乔达摩大师。” |
| “Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, puriso daliddo assako anāḷhiyo. Tassa akāmassa bilaṃ olaggeyyuṃ: ‘idaṃ te, ambho purisa, maṃsaṃ khāditabbaṃ, mūlañca anuppadātabban’ti. |
“It’s as if they were to force a steak on a poor, penniless person, telling them they must eat it and then pay for it. |
“这就像他们强迫一个贫穷、身无分文的人吃一块牛排，告诉他必须吃并付钱。 |
| Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā appaṭiññāya tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ, atha ca panimā catasso pāricariyā paññapenti. |
In the same way, the brahmins have prescribed these four kinds of service without the consent of these ascetics and brahmins. |
同样地，婆罗门们在未经这些沙门和婆罗门同意的情况下规定了这四种服务。 |
| Nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ paricaritabban’ti vadāmi; nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ na paricaritabban’ti vadāmi. |
Brahmin, I don’t say that you should serve everyone, nor do I say that you shouldn’t serve anyone. |
婆罗门，我既不说你们应该服务所有人，也不说你们不应该服务任何人。 |
| Yaṃ hissa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, nāhaṃ taṃ ‘paricaritabban’ti vadāmi; |
I say that you shouldn’t serve someone if serving them makes you worse, not better. |
我说，如果服务某人让你变得更糟，而不是更好，你就不应该服务他们。 |
| yañca khvāssa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo tamahaṃ ‘paricaritabban’ti vadāmi. |
And I say that you should serve someone if serving them makes you better, not worse. |
我说，如果服务某人让你变得更好，而不是更糟，你就应该服务他们。 |
| Khattiyañcepi, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ: |
If they were to ask an aristocrat this: |
如果他们问一位刹帝利： |
| ‘yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo; |
‘Who should you serve? Someone in whose service you get worse, or someone in whose service you get better?’ |
‘你应该服务谁？服务让你变得更糟的人，还是服务让你变得更好的人？’ |
| kamettha paricareyyāsī’ti, khattiyopi hi, brāhmaṇa, sammā byākaramāno evaṃ byākareyya: |
Answering rightly, an aristocrat would say: |
正确回答，一位刹帝利会说： |
| ‘yañhi me paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, nāhaṃ taṃ paricareyyaṃ; yañca kho me paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo tamahaṃ paricareyyan’ti. |
‘Someone in whose service I get better.’ |
‘服务让我变得更好的人。’ |
| Brāhmaṇañcepi, brāhmaṇa … pe … |
If they were to ask a brahmin … |
如果他们问一位婆罗门…… |
| vessañcepi, brāhmaṇa … pe … |
a merchant … |
一位吠舍…… |
| suddañcepi, brāhmaṇa, evaṃ puccheyyuṃ: |
or a worker this: |
或一位首陀罗： |
| ‘yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, yaṃ vā te paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo; |
‘Who should you serve? Someone in whose service you get worse, or someone in whose service you get better?’ |
‘你应该服务谁？服务让你变得更糟的人，还是服务让你变得更好的人？’ |
| kamettha paricareyyāsī’ti, suddopi hi, brāhmaṇa, sammā byākaramāno evaṃ byākareyya: |
Answering rightly, a worker would say: |
正确回答，一位首陀罗会说： |
| ‘yañhi me paricarato pāricariyāhetu pāpiyo assa na seyyo, nāhaṃ taṃ paricareyyaṃ; yañca kho me paricarato pāricariyāhetu seyyo assa na pāpiyo tamahaṃ paricareyyan’ti. |
‘Someone in whose service I get better.’ |
‘服务让我变得更好的人。’ |
| Nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uccākulīnatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uccākulīnatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi; |
Brahmin, I don’t say that coming from an eminent family makes you a better or worse person. |
婆罗门，我不是说出身显赫就让你成为一个更好或更差的人。 |
| nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷāravaṇṇatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷāravaṇṇatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi; |
I don’t say that being very beautiful makes you a better or worse person. |
我不是说非常美丽就让你成为一个更好或更差的人。 |
| nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷārabhogatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘uḷārabhogatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi. |
I don’t say that being very wealthy makes you a better or worse person. |
我不是说非常富有就让你成为一个更好或更差的人。 |
| Uccākulīnopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, pisuṇāvāco hoti, pharusāvāco hoti, samphappalāpī hoti, abhijjhālu hoti, byāpannacitto hoti, micchādiṭṭhi hoti. |
For some people from eminent families kill living creatures, steal, and commit sexual misconduct. They use speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. And they’re covetous, malicious, with wrong view. |
因为有些出身显赫的人杀害众生，偷盗，犯邪淫。他们说谎言、离间语、粗恶语或无意义语。他们贪婪、恶意、持邪见。 |
| Tasmā ‘na uccākulīnatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi. |
That’s why I don’t say that coming from an eminent family makes you a better person. |
所以我不是说出身显赫就让你成为一个更好的人。 |
| Uccākulīnopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti. |
But some people from eminent families also refrain from killing living creatures, stealing, and committing sexual misconduct. They refrain from using speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. And they’re not covetous or malicious, and they have right view. |
但是，有些出身显赫的人也避免杀害众生，偷盗，犯邪淫。他们避免说谎言、离间语、粗恶语或无意义语。他们不贪婪、不恶意，并且持有正见。 |
| Tasmā ‘na uccākulīnatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi. |
That’s why I don’t say that coming from an eminent family makes you a worse person. |
所以我不是说出身显赫就让你成为一个更差的人。 |
| Uḷāravaṇṇopi hi, brāhmaṇa … |
People who are very beautiful, |
那些非常美丽的人， |
| pe … |
or not very beautiful, |
或不那么美丽的人， |
| uḷārabhogopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātī hoti … |
who are very wealthy, |
那些非常富有的人， |
| pe … |
or not very wealthy, |
或不那么富有的人， |
| micchādiṭṭhi hoti. |
may also behave in the same ways. |
也可能以同样的方式行事。 |
| Tasmā ‘na uḷārabhogatā seyyaṃso’ti vadāmi. |
That’s why I don’t say that any of these things makes you a better or worse person. |
所以我不是说这些事情中的任何一件会让你成为一个更好或更差的人。 |
| Uḷārabhogopi hi, brāhmaṇa, idhekacco pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti … pe … sammādiṭṭhi hoti. |
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| Tasmā ‘na uḷārabhogatā pāpiyaṃso’ti vadāmi. |
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| Nāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ paricaritabban’ti vadāmi, na panāhaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ‘sabbaṃ na paricaritabban’ti vadāmi. |
Brahmin, I don’t say that you should serve everyone, nor do I say that you shouldn’t serve anyone. |
婆罗门，我既不说你们应该服务所有人，也不说你们不应该服务任何人。 |
| Yaṃ hissa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu saddhā vaḍḍhati, sīlaṃ vaḍḍhati, sutaṃ vaḍḍhati, cāgo vaḍḍhati, paññā vaḍḍhati, tamahaṃ ‘paricaritabban’ti vadāmi. |
And I say that you should serve someone if serving them makes you grow in faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom. |
我说，如果服务某人让你在信仰、道德、学习、慷慨和智慧方面有所增长，你就应该服务他们。 |
| Yaṃ hissa, brāhmaṇa, paricarato pāricariyāhetu na saddhā vaḍḍhati, na sīlaṃ vaḍḍhati, na sutaṃ vaḍḍhati, na cāgo vaḍḍhati, na paññā vaḍḍhati, nāhaṃ taṃ ‘paricaritabban’ti vadāmī”ti. |
I say that you shouldn’t serve someone if serving them doesn’t make you grow in faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom.” |
我说，如果服务某人不能让你在信仰、道德、学习、慷慨和智慧方面有所增长，你就不应该服务他们。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, esukārī brāhmaṇo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When he had spoken, Esukārī said to him: |
当他说完后，伊苏卡里对他说： |
| “brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, cattāri dhanāni paññapenti— |
“Master Gotama, the brahmins prescribe four kinds of wealth: |
“乔达摩大师，婆罗门规定了四种财富： |
| brāhmaṇassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti, khattiyassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti, vessassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti, suddassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. |
for a brahmin, an aristocrat, a merchant, and a worker. |
为婆罗门、刹帝利、吠舍和首陀罗。 |
| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti bhikkhācariyaṃ; |
The wealth they prescribe for a brahmin is living on alms. |
他们为婆罗门规定的财富是乞食维生。 |
| bhikkhācariyañca pana brāhmaṇo sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. |
A brahmin who scorns his own wealth, living on alms, fails in his duty like a guard who steals. |
一个婆罗门如果轻视自己的财富——乞食维生，就像一个偷窃的卫兵一样失职。 |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā brāhmaṇassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti dhanukalāpaṃ; |
The wealth they prescribe for an aristocrat is the bow and quiver. |
他们为刹帝利规定的财富是弓箭和箭袋。 |
| dhanukalāpañca pana khattiyo sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. |
An aristocrat who scorns his own wealth, the bow and quiver, fails in his duty like a guard who steals. |
一个刹帝利如果轻视自己的财富——弓箭和箭袋，就像一个偷窃的卫兵一样失职。 |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā khattiyassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti kasigorakkhaṃ; |
The wealth they prescribe for a merchant is farming and animal husbandry. |
他们为吠舍规定的财富是耕种和畜牧。 |
| kasigorakkhañca pana vesso sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. |
A merchant who scorns his own wealth, farming and animal husbandry, fails in his duty like a guard who steals. |
一个吠舍如果轻视自己的财富——耕种和畜牧，就像一个偷窃的卫兵一样失职。 |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā vessassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Tatridaṃ, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti asitabyābhaṅgiṃ; |
The wealth they prescribe for a worker is the scythe and flail. |
他们为首陀罗规定的财富是镰刀和打谷棒。 |
| asitabyābhaṅgiñca pana suddo sandhanaṃ atimaññamāno akiccakārī hoti gopova adinnaṃ ādiyamānoti. |
A worker who scorns his own wealth, the scythe and flail, fails in his duty like a guard who steals. |
一个首陀罗如果轻视自己的财富——镰刀和打谷棒，就像一个偷窃的卫兵一样失职。 |
| Idaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā suddassa sandhanaṃ paññapenti. |
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| Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, imāni cattāri dhanāni paññapenti. |
These are the four kinds of wealth that the brahmins prescribe. |
这些是婆罗门规定的四种财富。 |
| Idha bhavaṃ gotamo kimāhā”ti? |
What do you say about this?” |
您对此有何看法？” |
| “Kiṃ pana, brāhmaṇa, sabbo loko brāhmaṇānaṃ etadabbhanujānāti: ‘imāni cattāri dhanāni paññapentū’”ti? |
“But brahmin, did the whole world authorize the brahmins to prescribe these four kinds of wealth?” |
“但是婆罗门，整个世界都授权婆罗门规定这四种财富了吗？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. |
“No, Master Gotama.” |
“没有，乔达摩大师。” |
| “Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, puriso daliddo assako anāḷhiyo. Tassa akāmassa bilaṃ olaggeyyuṃ: ‘idaṃ te, ambho purisa, maṃsaṃ khāditabbaṃ, mūlañca anuppadātabban’ti. |
“It’s as if they were to force a steak on a poor, penniless person, telling them they must eat it and then pay for it. |
“这就像他们强迫一个贫穷、身无分文的人吃一块牛排，告诉他必须吃并付钱。 |
| Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, brāhmaṇā appaṭiññāya tesaṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ, atha ca panimāni cattāri dhanāni paññapenti. |
In the same way, the brahmins have prescribed these four kinds of wealth without the consent of these ascetics and brahmins. |
同样地，婆罗门们在未经这些沙门和婆罗门同意的情况下规定了这四种财富。 |
| Ariyaṃ kho ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, lokuttaraṃ dhammaṃ purisassa sandhanaṃ paññapemi. |
I declare that a person’s own wealth is the noble, transcendent teaching. |
我宣称一个人的真正财富是高尚、超凡的教法。 |
| Porāṇaṃ kho panassa mātāpettikaṃ kulavaṃsaṃ anussarato yattha yattheva attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti tena teneva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. |
But they are reckoned by recollecting the traditional family lineage of their mother and father wherever they are incarnated. |
但他们的出身则根据他们投生时父母的传统家族血统来确定。 |
| Khattiyakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘khattiyo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; |
If they incarnate in a family of aristocrats they are reckoned as an aristocrat. |
如果他们投生在刹帝利家族，他们就被认为是刹帝利。 |
| brāhmaṇakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘brāhmaṇo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; |
If they incarnate in a family of brahmins they are reckoned as a brahmin. |
如果他们投生在婆罗门家族，他们就被认为是婆罗门。 |
| vessakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘vesso’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; |
If they incarnate in a family of merchants they are reckoned as a merchant. |
如果他们投生在吠舍家族，他们就被认为是吠舍。 |
| suddakule ce attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti ‘suddo’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. |
If they incarnate in a family of workers they are reckoned as a worker. |
如果他们投生在首陀罗家族，他们就被认为是首陀罗。 |
| Seyyathāpi, brāhmaṇa, yaṃyadeva paccayaṃ paṭicca aggi jalati tena teneva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. |
It’s like fire, which is reckoned according to the specific conditions dependent upon which it burns. |
这就像火，根据它燃烧所依赖的具体条件来确定。 |
| Kaṭṭhañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘kaṭṭhaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; |
A fire that burns dependent on logs is reckoned as a log fire. |
依赖木材燃烧的火被认为是木柴火。 |
| sakalikañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘sakalikaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; |
A fire that burns dependent on twigs is reckoned as a twig fire. |
依赖树枝燃烧的火被认为是树枝火。 |
| tiṇañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘tiṇaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati; |
A fire that burns dependent on grass is reckoned as a grass fire. |
依赖草燃烧的火被认为是草火。 |
| gomayañce paṭicca aggi jalati ‘gomayaggi’tveva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. |
A fire that burns dependent on cow-dung is reckoned as a cow-dung fire. |
依赖牛粪燃烧的火被认为是牛粪火。 |
| Evameva kho ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, ariyaṃ lokuttaraṃ dhammaṃ purisassa sandhanaṃ paññapemi. |
In the same way, I declare that a person’s own wealth is the noble, transcendent teaching. |
同样地，我宣称一个人的真正财富是高尚、超凡的教法。 |
| Porāṇaṃ kho panassa mātāpettikaṃ kulavaṃsaṃ anussarato yattha yattheva attabhāvassa abhinibbatti hoti tena teneva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati. |
But they are reckoned by recollecting the traditional family lineage of their mother and father wherever they are incarnated. |
但他们的出身则根据他们投生时父母的传统家族血统来确定。 |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, |
What do you think, brahmin? |
你觉得呢，婆罗门？ |
| brāhmaṇova nu kho pahoti asmiṃ padese averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ mettacittaṃ bhāvetuṃ, no khattiyo no vesso no suddo”ti? |
Is only a brahmin capable of developing a heart of love free of enmity and ill will for this region, and not an aristocrat, merchant, or worker?” |
是不是只有婆罗门才能为这个地区培养出无敌意、无恶意的爱心，而刹帝利、吠舍或首陀罗不能呢？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama. |
“No, Master Gotama. |
“不是的，乔达摩大师。 |
| Khattiyopi hi, bho gotama, pahoti asmiṃ padese averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ mettacittaṃ bhāvetuṃ; |
Aristocrats, brahmins, merchants, and workers can all do so. |
刹帝利、婆罗门、吠舍和首陀罗都能做到。 |
| brāhmaṇopi hi, bho gotama … |
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| vessopi hi, bho gotama … |
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| suddopi hi, bho gotama … |
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| sabbepi hi, bho gotama, cattāro vaṇṇā pahonti asmiṃ padese averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ mettacittaṃ bhāvetun”ti. |
For all four classes are capable of developing a heart of love free of enmity and ill will for this region.” |
因为这四个阶层都能够为这个地区培养出无敌意、无恶意的爱心。” |
| “Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti … pe … sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ. |
“In the same way, suppose someone from a family of aristocrats, |
“同样地，假设一个刹帝利家族的人， |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, |
What do you think, brahmin? |
你觉得呢，婆罗门？ |
| brāhmaṇova nu kho pahoti sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ gantvā rajojallaṃ pavāhetuṃ, no khattiyo no vesso no suddo”ti? |
Is only a brahmin capable of taking some bathing paste of powdered shell, going to the river, and washing off dust and dirt, and not an aristocrat, merchant, or worker?” |
是不是只有婆罗门才能拿起一些贝壳粉制成的沐浴膏，到河边洗去尘垢，而刹帝利、吠舍或首陀罗不能呢？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama. |
“No, Master Gotama. |
“不是的，乔达摩大师。 |
| Khattiyopi hi, bho gotama, pahoti sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ gantvā rajojallaṃ pavāhetuṃ; |
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| brāhmaṇopi hi, bho gotama … |
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| vessopi hi, bho gotama … |
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| suddopi hi, bho gotama … |
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| sabbepi hi, bho gotama, cattāro vaṇṇā pahonti sottisināniṃ ādāya nadiṃ gantvā rajojallaṃ pavāhetun”ti. |
All four classes are capable of doing this.” |
所有四个阶层都能做到。” |
| “Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti … pe … sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ. |
“In the same way, suppose someone from a family of aristocrats, |
“同样地，假设一个刹帝利家族的人， |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, |
What do you think, brahmin? |
你觉得呢，婆罗门？ |
| idha rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto nānājaccānaṃ purisānaṃ purisasataṃ sannipāteyya: |
Suppose an anointed aristocratic king were to gather a hundred people born in different castes and say to them: |
假设一位受膏的刹帝利国王召集一百位出身不同种姓的人，对他们说： |
| ‘āyantu bhonto ye tattha khattiyakulā brāhmaṇakulā rājaññakulā uppannā sākassa vā sālassa vā salaḷassa vā candanassa vā padumakassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggiṃ abhinibbattentu, tejo pātukarontu; |
‘Please gentlemen, let anyone here who was born in a family of aristocrats, brahmins, or chieftains take a drill-stick made of teak, sal, frankincense wood, sandalwood, or cherry wood, light a fire and produce heat. |
‘请各位先生，这里凡是出身刹帝利、婆罗门或首领家族的人，请拿一块由柚木、娑罗木、乳香木、檀香木或樱桃木制成的钻木棒，生火并产生热量。 |
| āyantu pana bhonto ye tattha caṇḍālakulā nesādakulā venakulā rathakārakulā pukkusakulā uppannā sāpānadoṇiyā vā sūkaradoṇiyā vā rajakadoṇiyā vā eraṇḍakaṭṭhassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggiṃ abhinibbattentu, tejo pātukarontū’”ti? |
And let anyone here who was born in a family of outcastes, hunters, bamboo-workers, chariot-makers, or waste-collectors take a drill-stick made from a dog’s drinking trough, a pig’s trough, a dustbin, or castor-oil wood, light a fire and produce heat.’ |
而这里凡是出身贱民、猎人、竹匠、车匠或垃圾收集者家族的人，请拿一块由狗食槽、猪食槽、垃圾桶或蓖麻油木制成的钻木棒，生火并产生热量。’ |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, brāhmaṇa, |
What do you think, brahmin? |
你觉得呢，婆罗门？ |
| yo evaṃ nu kho so khattiyakulā brāhmaṇakulā rājaññakulā uppannehi sākassa vā sālassa vā salaḷassa vā candanassa vā padumakassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato so eva nu khvāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca tena ca sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātuṃ; |
Would only the fire produced by the high class people with good quality wood have flames, color, and radiance, and be usable as fire, |
是不是只有高阶层的人用优质木材生出的火才有火焰、颜色和光芒，并能作为火使用， |
| yo pana so caṇḍālakulā nesādakulā venakulā rathakārakulā pukkusakulā uppannehi sāpānadoṇiyā vā sūkaradoṇiyā vā rajakadoṇiyā vā eraṇḍakaṭṭhassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato svāssa aggi na ceva accimā na ca vaṇṇavā na ca pabhassaro na ca tena sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātun”ti? |
and not the fire produced by the low class people with poor quality wood?” |
而低阶层的人用劣质木材生出的火则不能呢？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama. |
“No, Master Gotama. |
“不是的，乔达摩大师。 |
| Yopi hi so, bho gotama, khattiyakulā brāhmaṇakulā rājaññakulā uppannehi sākassa vā sālassa vā salaḷassa vā candanassa vā padumakassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato svāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca tena ca sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātuṃ; |
The fire produced by the high class people with good quality wood would have flames, color, and radiance, and be usable as fire, |
高阶层的人用优质木材生出的火会有火焰、颜色和光芒，并能作为火使用， |
| yopi so caṇḍālakulā nesādakulā venakulā rathakārakulā pukkusakulā uppannehi sāpānadoṇiyā vā sūkaradoṇiyā vā rajakadoṇiyā vā eraṇḍakaṭṭhassa vā uttarāraṇiṃ ādāya aggi abhinibbatto tejo pātukato svāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca tena ca sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātuṃ. |
and so would the fire produced by the low class people with poor quality wood. |
低阶层的人用劣质木材生出的火也会有火焰、颜色和光芒，并能作为火使用。 |
| Sabbopi hi, bho gotama, aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro ca sabbenapi sakkā agginā aggikaraṇīyaṃ kātun”ti. |
For all fire has flames, color, and radiance, and is usable as fire.” |
因为所有的火都有火焰、颜色和光芒，并能作为火使用。” |
| “Evameva kho, brāhmaṇa, khattiyakulā cepi agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti … pe … sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ. |
“In the same way, suppose someone from a family of aristocrats, |
“同样地，假设一个刹帝利家族的人， |
| Brāhmaṇakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa … |
brahmins, |
婆罗门家族的人， |
| vessakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa … |
merchants, |
吠舍家族的人， |
| suddakulā cepi, brāhmaṇa, agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajito hoti, so ca tathāgatappaveditaṃ dhammavinayaṃ āgamma pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, abrahmacariyā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato hoti, samphappalāpā paṭivirato hoti, anabhijjhālu hoti, abyāpannacitto hoti, sammādiṭṭhi hoti, ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalan”ti. |
or workers goes forth from the lay life to homelessness. Relying on the teaching and training proclaimed by the Realized One they refrain from killing living creatures, stealing, and sex. They refrain from using speech that’s false, divisive, harsh, or nonsensical. And they’re not covetous or malicious, and they have right view. They succeed in the procedure of the skillful teaching.” |
或首陀罗家族的人离家出家。依靠如来宣说的教法和训练，他们避免杀害众生、偷盗和性行为。他们避免说谎言、离间语、粗恶语或无意义语。他们不贪婪、不恶意，并且持有正见。他们在善巧教法的程序中取得了成功。” |
