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(derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) |
(源自B. Sujato 2018/12) |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
我曾这样听说： |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā ānando rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe aciraparinibbute bhagavati. |
At one time Venerable Ānanda was staying near Rājagaha, in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground. It was not long after the Buddha had become fully nirvana'd. |
那时，阿难尊者住在王舍城附近的竹林精舍，那是松鼠的饲养地。那时佛陀涅槃不久。 |
| Tena kho pana samayena rājā māgadho ajātasattu vedehiputto rājagahaṃ paṭisaṅkhārāpeti rañño pajjotassa āsaṅkamāno. |
Now at that time King Ajātasattu Vedehiputta of Magadha, being suspicious of King Pajjota, was having Rājagaha fortified. |
当时，摩揭陀国韦提希之子阿阇世王，因怀疑波阇陀王，正在加固王舍城的防御。 |
| Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya rājagahaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. |
Then Venerable Ānanda robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Rājagaha for alms. |
于是，阿难尊者早晨披衣，持钵持衣，进入王舍城乞食。 |
| Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi: |
Then Venerable Ānanda thought: |
然后阿难尊者想： |
| “atippago kho tāva rājagahe piṇḍāya carituṃ. |
“It’s too early to wander for alms in Rājagaha. |
“现在去王舍城乞食还太早。 |
| Yannūnāhaṃ yena gopakamoggallānassa brāhmaṇassa kammanto, yena gopakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkameyyan”ti. |
Why don’t I go to see the brahmin Moggallāna the Guardian at his place of work?” |
何不去见守护者婆罗门目犍连的住所呢？” |
| Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena gopakamoggallānassa brāhmaṇassa kammanto, yena gopakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo tenupasaṅkami. |
So that’s what he did. |
于是他就这么做了。 |
| Addasā kho gopakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. |
Moggallāna the Guardian saw Ānanda coming off in the distance |
守护者目犍连远远地看到阿难走来， |
| Disvāna āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca: |
and said to him: |
对他说： |
| “etu kho bhavaṃ ānando. |
“Come, Master Ānanda! |
“来吧，阿难大师！ |
| Svāgataṃ bhoto ānandassa. |
Welcome, Master Ānanda! |
欢迎，阿难大师！ |
| Cirassaṃ kho bhavaṃ ānando imaṃ pariyāyamakāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. |
It’s been a long time since you took the opportunity to come here. |
你很久没有机会来这里了。 |
| Nisīdatu bhavaṃ ānando, idamāsanaṃ paññattan”ti. |
Please, sir, sit down, this seat is ready.” |
先生，请坐，这个座位准备好了。” |
| Nisīdi kho āyasmā ānando paññatte āsane. |
Ānanda sat down on the seat spread out, |
阿难坐到了铺好的座位上， |
| Gopakamoggallānopi kho brāhmaṇo aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. |
while Moggallāna took a low seat and sat to one side. |
目犍连则坐到了一边的一个低座上。 |
| Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho gopakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca: |
Then he said to Ānanda: |
然后他对阿难说： |
| “atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi tehi dhammehi sabbenasabbaṃ sabbathāsabbaṃ samannāgato yehi dhammehi samannāgato so bhavaṃ gotamo ahosi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho”ti? |
“Master Ānanda, is there even a single monk who has all the same qualities in each and every way as possessed by Master Gotama, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha?” |
“阿难大师，有没有一位比丘，他的所有品质在各方面都与乔达摩大师，那位阿罗汉、完全觉悟的佛陀所具备的品质完全相同呢？” |
| “Natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi tehi dhammehi sabbenasabbaṃ sabbathāsabbaṃ samannāgato yehi dhammehi samannāgato so bhagavā ahosi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. |
“No, brahmin, there is not. |
“婆罗门，没有。 |
| So hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū, maggavidū, maggakovido; |
For the Blessed One gave rise to the unarisen path, gave birth to the unborn path, explained the unexplained path. He was the knower of the path, the discoverer of the path, the expert on the path. |
因为世尊开辟了未曾开辟的道路，生起了未曾生起的道路，解释了未曾解释的道路。他是道路的知者，道路的发现者，道路的专家。 |
| maggānugā ca pana etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā”ti. |
And now the disciples live following the path; they acquire it later.” |
而现在弟子们遵循着这条道路生活；他们是后来才获得它的。” |
| Ayañca hidaṃ āyasmato ānandassa gopakamoggallānena brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ antarākathā vippakatā ahosi. |
But this conversation between Ānanda and Moggallāna the Guardian was left unfinished. |
但阿难和守护者目犍连之间的这次谈话没有完成。 |
| Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto rājagahe kammante anusaññāyamāno yena gopakamoggallānassa brāhmaṇassa kammanto, yenāyasmā ānando tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā ānandena saddhiṃ sammodi. |
For the brahmin Vassakāra, a chief minister of Magadha, while supervising the work at Rājagaha, approached Ānanda at Moggallāna’s place of work and exchanged greetings with him. |
因为摩揭陀国的首席大臣婆罗门跋阇迦罗，在监督王舍城的工程时，在目犍连的住所走近阿难，并与他互相问候。 |
| Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca: |
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to Ānanda: |
问候和礼貌的交谈结束后，他坐到一边，对阿难说： |
| “kāya nuttha, bho ānanda, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā”ti? |
“Master Ānanda, what were you sitting talking about just now? What conversation was unfinished?” |
“阿难大师，你们刚才坐着谈论什么？是什么谈话没有完成？” |
| “Idha maṃ, brāhmaṇa, gopakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo evamāha: |
So Ānanda told him of the conversation that they were having when Vassakāra arrived. Vassakāra said: |
于是阿难把他们正在进行的谈话告诉了他，当跋阇迦罗到达时。跋阇迦罗说： |
| ‘atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi tehi dhammehi sabbenasabbaṃ sabbathāsabbaṃ samannāgato yehi dhammehi samannāgato so bhavaṃ gotamo ahosi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’ti. |
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| Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, brāhmaṇa, gopakamoggallānaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ etadavocaṃ: |
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| ‘natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi tehi dhammehi sabbenasabbaṃ sabbathāsabbaṃ samannāgato yehi dhammehi samannāgato so bhagavā ahosi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. |
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| So hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū, maggavidū, maggakovido; |
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| maggānugā ca pana etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā’ti. |
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| Ayaṃ kho no, brāhmaṇa, gopakamoggallānena brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ antarākathā vippakatā. |
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| Atha tvaṃ anuppatto”ti. |
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| “Atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi tena bhotā gotamena ṭhapito: |
“Master Ānanda, is there even a single monk who was appointed by Master Gotama, saying: |
“阿难大师，有没有一位比丘是乔达摩大师指定的，说： |
| ‘ayaṃ vo mamaccayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatī’ti, yaṃ tumhe etarahi paṭipādeyyāthā”ti? |
‘This one will be your refuge when I have passed away,’ to whom you now turn?” |
‘我去世后，这个人将是你们的依止’，你们现在转而依止他呢？” |
| “Natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ṭhapito: |
“No, there is not.” |
“不，没有。” |
| ‘ayaṃ vo mamaccayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatī’ti, yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi paṭipādeyyāmā”ti. |
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| “Atthi pana, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi saṃghena sammato, sambahulehi therehi bhikkhūhi ṭhapito: |
“But is there even a single monk who has been elected to such a position by the Saṅgha and appointed by several senior monks?” |
“但是，有没有一位比丘是由僧伽推选并由几位资深比丘任命的呢？” |
| ‘ayaṃ no bhagavato accayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatī’ti, yaṃ tumhe etarahi paṭipādeyyāthā”ti? |
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| “Natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi saṃghena sammato, sambahulehi therehi bhikkhūhi ṭhapito: |
“No, there is not.” |
“不，没有。” |
| ‘ayaṃ no bhagavato accayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatī’ti, yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi paṭipādeyyāmā”ti. |
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| “Evaṃ appaṭisaraṇe ca pana, bho ānanda, ko hetu sāmaggiyā”ti? |
“But since you lack a refuge, Master Ānanda, what’s the reason for your harmony?” |
“但是，阿难大师，既然你们缺乏依止，你们和睦的原因是什么？” |
| “Na kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, appaṭisaraṇā; |
“We don’t lack a refuge, brahmin, |
“婆罗门，我们不缺乏依止， |
| sappaṭisaraṇā mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa; |
we have a refuge. |
我们有依止。 |
| dhammappaṭisaraṇā”ti. |
The teaching is our refuge.” |
教法是我们的依止。” |
| “‘Atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi tena bhotā gotamena ṭhapito— |
“But Master Ānanda, when asked whether there was even a single monk—either appointed by the Buddha, |
“但是阿难大师，当被问及是否有任何一位比丘——无论是佛陀指定的， |
| ayaṃ vo mamaccayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti, yaṃ tumhe etarahi paṭipādeyyāthā’ti— |
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| iti puṭṭho samāno ‘natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ṭhapito— |
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| ayaṃ vo mamaccayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti, yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi paṭipādeyyāmā’ti vadesi; |
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| ‘atthi pana, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi saṅghena sammato, sambahulehi therehi bhikkhūhi ṭhapito— |
or elected by the Saṅgha and appointed by several senior monks— |
还是由僧伽选举并由几位资深比丘任命的—— |
| ayaṃ no bhagavato accayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti, yaṃ tumhe etarahi paṭipādeyyāthā’ti— |
who serves as your refuge after the Buddha passed away, to whom you now turn, |
在佛陀去世后充当你们的依止，你们现在转而依止他时， |
| iti puṭṭho samāno ‘natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi saṅghena sammato, sambahulehi therehi bhikkhūhi ṭhapito— |
you replied, ‘No, there is not.’ |
你回答说，‘不，没有。’ |
| ayaṃ no bhagavato accayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti, yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi paṭipādeyyāmā’ti— |
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| vadesi; |
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| ‘evaṃ appaṭisaraṇe ca pana, bho ānanda, ko hetu sāmaggiyā’ti iti puṭṭho samāno ‘na kho mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa, appaṭisaraṇā; |
But you say that the reason for your harmony is that you have |
但是你说你们和睦的原因是你们拥有 |
| sappaṭisaraṇā mayaṃ, brāhmaṇa; |
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| dhammappaṭisaraṇā’ti vadesi. |
the teaching as a refuge. |
教法作为依止。 |
| Imassa pana, bho ānanda, bhāsitassa kathaṃ attho daṭṭhabbo”ti? |
How should I see the meaning of this statement?” |
我该如何理解这句话的含义呢？” |
| “Atthi kho, brāhmaṇa, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, pātimokkhaṃ uddiṭṭhaṃ. |
“The Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha laid down training rules and recited the monastic code for the monks. |
“世尊，知者、见者，阿罗汉、完全觉悟的佛陀，为比丘们制定了戒律并背诵了波罗提木叉。 |
| Te mayaṃ tadahuposathe yāvatikā ekaṃ gāmakhettaṃ upanissāya viharāma te sabbe ekajjhaṃ sannipatāma; |
On the day of the sabbath all of us who live in dependence on one village district gather together as one. |
在布萨日，我们所有依靠一个村落地区生活的人都会聚集在一起。 |
| sannipatitvā yassa taṃ pavattati taṃ ajjhesāma. |
We invite one who has freshly rehearsed the code to recite it. |
我们邀请一位刚复习过戒律的人来背诵。 |
| Tasmiñce bhaññamāne hoti bhikkhussa āpatti hoti vītikkamo taṃ mayaṃ yathādhammaṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ kāremāti. |
If anyone remembers an offense or transgression while they’re reciting, we make them act in line with the teachings and in line with the instructions. |
如果有人在背诵时想起过失或违犯，我们就让他们按照教法和指示行事。 |
| Na kira no bhavanto kārenti; |
It’s not the venerables that make us act, |
不是尊者们让我们行动， |
| dhammo no kāreti”. |
it’s the teaching that makes us act.” |
是教法让我们行动。” |
| “Atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi yaṃ tumhe etarahi sakkarotha garuṃ karotha mānetha pūjetha; sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharathā”ti? |
“Master Ānanda, is there even a single monk who you honor, respect, revere, venerate, and rely on?” |
“阿难大师，有没有一位比丘是您尊敬、尊重、景仰、崇敬并依赖的？” |
| “Natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi sakkaroma garuṃ karoma mānema pūjema; sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharāmā”ti. |
“There is, brahmin.” |
“婆罗门，有。” |
| “‘Atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi tena bhotā gotamena ṭhapito— |
“But Master Ānanda, when asked whether there was even a single monk—either appointed by the Buddha, |
“但是阿难大师，当被问及是否有任何一位比丘——无论是佛陀指定的， |
| ayaṃ vo mamaccayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti yaṃ tumhe etarahi paṭipādeyyāthā’ti— |
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| iti puṭṭho samāno ‘natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena ṭhapito— |
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| ayaṃ vo mamaccayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi paṭipādeyyāmā’ti vadesi; |
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| ‘atthi pana, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi saṅghena sammato, sambahulehi therehi bhikkhūhi ṭhapito— |
or elected by the Saṅgha and appointed by several senior monks— |
还是由僧伽选举并由几位资深比丘任命的—— |
| ayaṃ no bhagavato accayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti yaṃ tumhe etarahi paṭipādeyyāthā’ti— |
who serves as your refuge after the Buddha passed away, to whom you now turn, |
在佛陀去世后充当你们的依止，你们现在转而依止他时， |
| iti puṭṭho samāno ‘natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi saṅghena sammato, sambahulehi therehi bhikkhūhi ṭhapito— |
you replied, ‘No, there is not.’ |
你回答说，‘不，没有。’ |
| ayaṃ no bhagavato accayena paṭisaraṇaṃ bhavissatīti yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi paṭipādeyyāmā’ti vadesi; |
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| ‘atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi yaṃ tumhe etarahi sakkarotha garuṃ karotha mānetha pūjetha; sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharathā’ti— |
But when asked whether there is even a single monk who you honor, respect, revere, venerate, and rely on, |
但当被问及是否有任何一位比丘是您尊敬、尊重、景仰、崇敬并依赖的， |
| iti puṭṭho samāno ‘natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi yaṃ mayaṃ etarahi sakkaroma garuṃ karoma mānema pūjema; sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharāmā’ti vadesi. |
you replied, ‘There is.’ |
你回答说，‘有。’ |
| Imassa pana, bho ānanda, bhāsitassa kathaṃ attho daṭṭhabbo”ti? |
How should I see the meaning of this statement?” |
我该如何理解这句话的含义呢？” |
| Bahussuto hoti sutadharo sutasannicayo. |
They’re very learned, remembering and keeping what they’ve learned. |
他们博学多闻，记住并保留所学。 |
| Ye te dhammā ādikalyāṇā, majjhekalyāṇā, pariyosānakalyāṇā, sātthaṃ, sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ abhivadanti tathārūpāssa dhammā bahussutā honti dhātā vacasā paricitā manasānupekkhitā diṭṭhiyā suppaṭividdhā. (2) |
These teachings are good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased, describing a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. They are very learned in such teachings, remembering them, reinforcing them by recitation, mentally scrutinizing them, and comprehending them theoretically. |
这些教法在开始、中间和结尾都很好，有意义且措辞得当，描述了一种完全圆满纯净的精神修行。他们对这些教法博学多闻，记住它们，通过背诵来巩固它们，在心智上仔细审视它们，并在理论上理解它们。 |
| Anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhoti—ekopi hutvā bahudhā hoti, bahudhāpi hutvā eko hoti; āvibhāvaṃ tirobhāvaṃ; tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gacchati, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ karoti, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gacchati, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kamati, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimasati parimajjati, yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteti. (5) |
They wield the many kinds of psychic power: multiplying themselves and becoming one again; appearing and disappearing; going unimpeded through a wall, a rampart, or a mountain as if through space; diving in and out of the earth as if it were water; walking on water as if it were earth; flying cross-legged through the sky like a bird; touching and stroking with the hand the sun and moon, so mighty and powerful. They control the body as far as the Brahmā realm. |
他们能运用多种神通：分身再合一；显现和消失；穿墙、穿堡垒、穿山如穿虚空；入地如入水；水上行走如履平地；盘腿飞行空中如鸟；手触日月，如此强大有力。他们能控制身体远至梵天界。 |
| Parasattānaṃ parapuggalānaṃ cetasā ceto paricca pajānāti. Sarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sarāgaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vītarāgaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītarāgaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, sadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sadosaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vītadosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītadosaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, samohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samohaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vītamohaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vītamohaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, saṅkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘saṅkhittaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vikkhittaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vikkhittaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, mahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘mahaggataṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, amahaggataṃ vā cittaṃ ‘amahaggataṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, sauttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sauttaraṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, anuttaraṃ vā cittaṃ ‘anuttaraṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, asamāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘asamāhitaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, vimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vimuttaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti, avimuttaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘avimuttaṃ cittan’ti pajānāti. (7) |
They understand the minds of other beings and individuals, having comprehended them with their own mind. They understand mind with greed as ‘mind with greed’, and mind without greed as ‘mind without greed’. They understand mind with hate … mind without hate … mind with delusion … mind without delusion … contracted mind … scattered mind … expansive mind … unexpansive mind … mind that is not supreme … mind that is supreme … mind undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi … mind not undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi … freed mind … They understand unfreed mind as ‘unfreed mind’. |
他们用自己的心理解其他众生和个体的思想，已然透彻。他们理解有贪欲的心为“有贪欲的心”，无贪欲的心为“无贪欲的心”。他们理解有瞋恚的心……无瞋恚的心……有愚痴的心……无愚痴的心……收缩的心……散乱的心……广大的心……不广大的心……不至上的心……至上的心……等持的心……非等持的心……解脱的心……他们理解未解脱的心为“未解脱的心”。 |
| Anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ—ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo tissopi jātiyo catassopi jātiyo pañcapi jātiyo dasapi jātiyo vīsampi jātiyo tiṃsampi jātiyo cattārīsampi jātiyo paññāsampi jātiyo jātisatampi jātisahassampi jātisatasahassampi anekepi saṃvaṭṭakappe anekepi vivaṭṭakappe anekepi saṃvaṭṭavivaṭṭakappe: ‘amutrāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṅgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto amutra udapādiṃ; tatrāpāsiṃ evaṃnāmo evaṅgotto evaṃvaṇṇo evamāhāro evaṃsukhadukkhappaṭisaṃvedī evamāyupariyanto, so tato cuto idhūpapanno’ti. Iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. (8) |
They recollect many kinds of past lives. That is: one, two, three, four, five, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, a hundred, a thousand, a hundred thousand rebirths; many eons of the world contracting, many eons of the world evolving, many eons of the world contracting and evolving. They remember: ‘There, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn somewhere else. There, too, I was named this, my clan was that, I looked like this, and that was my food. This was how I felt pleasure and pain, and that was how my life ended. When I passed away from that place I was reborn here.’ And so they recollect their many kinds of past lives, with features and details. |
他们忆念多种宿世。即：一世、二世、三世、四世、五世、十世、二十世、三十世、四十世、五十世、一百世、一千世、十万世的轮回；许多世界坏劫，许多世界成劫，许多世界坏劫和成劫。他们忆念：‘在那里，我叫这个名字，我的种族是那个，我长这样，那是我的食物。我感受快乐和痛苦的方式是这样的，我的生命就是那样结束的。当我从那个地方去世后，我转生到另一个地方。在那里，我也叫这个名字，我的种族是那个，我长这样，那是我的食物。我感受快乐和痛苦的方式是这样的，我的生命就是那样结束的。当我从那个地方去世后，我转生到这里。’就这样，他们忆念多种宿世，有特征和细节。 |
| Ime kho, brāhmaṇa, tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena dasa pasādanīyā dhammā akkhātā. |
These are the ten inspiring things explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. |
这些是世尊，知者、见者，阿罗汉、完全觉悟的佛陀所解释的十种令人振奋的事物。 |
| Yasmiṃ no ime dhammā saṃvijjanti taṃ mayaṃ etarahi sakkaroma garuṃ karoma mānema pūjema; sakkatvā garuṃ katvā upanissāya viharāmā”ti. |
We honor anyone in whom these things are found, and rely on them.” |
我们尊敬任何具备这些事物的人，并依赖他们。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto upanandaṃ senāpatiṃ āmantesi: |
When he had spoken, Vassakāra addressed General Upananda: |
他说完后，跋阇迦罗对乌帕南达将军说： |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññati bhavaṃ senāpati yadime bhonto sakkātabbaṃ sakkaronti, garuṃ kātabbaṃ garuṃ karonti, |
“What do you think, general? |
“将军，你认为呢？ |
| mānetabbaṃ mānenti, pūjetabbaṃ pūjenti”? |
Do these venerables honor, respect, revere, and venerate those who are worthy?” |
这些尊者是否尊敬、尊重、景仰、崇敬那些值得尊敬的人？” |
| “Tagghime bhonto sakkātabbaṃ sakkaronti, garuṃ kātabbaṃ garuṃ karonti, mānetabbaṃ mānenti, pūjetabbaṃ pūjenti. |
“Indeed they do. |
“确实如此。 |
| Imañca hi te bhonto na sakkareyyuṃ na garuṃ kareyyuṃ na māneyyuṃ na pūjeyyuṃ; |
For if these venerables were not to honor, respect, revere, and venerate such a person, |
因为如果这些尊者不尊敬、尊重、景仰、崇敬这样的人， |
| atha kiñcarahi te bhonto sakkareyyuṃ garuṃ kareyyuṃ māneyyuṃ pūjeyyuṃ, sakkatvā garuṃ katvā mānetvā pūjetvā upanissāya vihareyyun”ti? |
then who exactly would they honor?” |
那么他们究竟会尊敬谁呢？” |
| Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Vassakāra said to Ānanda: |
然后跋阇迦罗对阿难说： |
| “kahaṃ pana bhavaṃ ānando etarahi viharatī”ti? |
“Where are you staying at present?” |
“你现在住在哪里？” |
| “Veḷuvane khohaṃ, brāhmaṇa, etarahi viharāmī”ti. |
“In the Bamboo Grove, brahmin.” |
“婆罗门，在竹林精舍。” |
| “Kacci pana, bho ānanda, veḷuvanaṃ ramaṇīyañceva appasaddañca appanigghosañca vijanavātaṃ manussarāhasseyyakaṃ paṭisallānasāruppan”ti? |
“I hope the Bamboo Grove is delightful, quiet and still, far from the madding crowd, remote from human settlements, and appropriate for retreat?” |
“希望竹林精舍宜人、安静、远离尘嚣、远离人烟、适合隐居？” |
| “Taggha, brāhmaṇa, veḷuvanaṃ ramaṇīyañceva appasaddañca appanigghosañca vijanavātaṃ manussarāhasseyyakaṃ paṭisallānasāruppaṃ, yathā taṃ tumhādisehi rakkhakehi gopakehī”ti. |
“Indeed it is, brahmin. And it is like that owing to such protectors and guardians as yourself.” |
“婆罗门，确实如此。正是因为有像您这样的保护者和守护者，它才能如此。” |
| Ekamidāhaṃ, bho ānanda, samayaṃ so bhavaṃ gotamo vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. |
This one time, Master Ānanda, Master Gotama was staying near Vesālī, at the Great Wood, in the hall with the peaked roof. |
有一次，阿难大师，乔达摩大师住在毗舍离附近，在大林精舍，在尖顶堂里。 |
| Atha khvāhaṃ, bho ānanda, yena mahāvanaṃ kūṭāgārasālā yena so bhavaṃ gotamo tenupasaṅkamiṃ. |
So I went there to see him. |
于是我前去见他。 |
| Tatra ca pana so bhavaṃ gotamo anekapariyāyena jhānakathaṃ kathesi. |
And there he spoke about jhāna in many ways. |
在那里，他以多种方式谈论禅那。 |
| Jhāyī ceva so bhavaṃ gotamo ahosi jhānasīlī ca. |
He meditated, and made a habit of doing jhāna. |
他禅修，并习惯于禅那。 |
| Sabbañca pana so bhavaṃ gotamo jhānaṃ vaṇṇesī”ti. |
And he praised all kinds of jhāna.” |
他赞扬了各种禅那。” |
| “Na ca kho, brāhmaṇa, so bhagavā sabbaṃ jhānaṃ vaṇṇesi, napi so bhagavā sabbaṃ jhānaṃ na vaṇṇesīti. |
“No, brahmin, the Buddha did not praise all kinds of jhāna, nor did he dispraise all kinds of jhāna. |
“不，婆罗门，佛陀没有赞扬所有种类的禅那，也没有贬低所有种类的禅那。 |
| Kathaṃ rūpañca, brāhmaṇa, so bhagavā jhānaṃ na vaṇṇesi? |
And what kind of jhāna did he not praise? |
那么，他没有赞扬哪种禅那呢？ |
| Idha, brāhmaṇa, ekacco kāmarāgapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati kāmarāgaparetena, uppannassa ca kāmarāgassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; |
It’s when someone’s heart is overcome and mired in sensual desire, and they don’t truly understand the escape from sensual desire that has arisen. |
当某人的心被感官欲望所克服并深陷其中，而他们并没有真正理解脱离已生起的感官欲望的方法。 |
| so kāmarāgaṃyeva antaraṃ karitvā jhāyati pajjhāyati nijjhāyati apajjhāyati. |
Harboring sensual desire within they meditate and concentrate and contemplate and ruminate. |
怀着感官欲望，他们禅修、专注、沉思、反省。 |
| Byāpādapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati byāpādaparetena, uppannassa ca byāpādassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; |
Their heart is overcome and mired in ill will … |
他们的心被瞋恚所克服并深陷其中…… |
| so byāpādaṃyeva antaraṃ karitvā jhāyati pajjhāyati nijjhāyati apajjhāyati. |
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| Thinamiddhapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati thinamiddhaparetena, uppannassa ca thinamiddhassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; |
dullness and drowsiness … |
昏沉和睡眠…… |
| so thinamiddhaṃyeva antaraṃ karitvā jhāyati pajjhāyati nijjhāyati apajjhāyati. |
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| Uddhaccakukkuccapariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati uddhaccakukkuccaparetena, uppannassa ca uddhaccakukkuccassa nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; |
restlessness and remorse … |
掉举和懊悔…… |
| so uddhaccakukkuccaṃyeva antaraṃ karitvā jhāyati pajjhāyati nijjhāyati apajjhāyati. |
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| Vicikicchāpariyuṭṭhitena cetasā viharati vicikicchāparetena, uppannāya ca vicikicchāya nissaraṇaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti; |
doubt, and they don’t truly know and see the escape from doubt that has arisen. |
疑虑，而他们并没有真正知道和看到脱离已生起的疑虑的方法。 |
| so vicikicchaṃyeva antaraṃ karitvā jhāyati pajjhāyati nijjhāyati apajjhāyati. |
Harboring doubt within they meditate and concentrate and contemplate and ruminate. |
怀着疑虑，他们禅修、专注、沉思、反省。 |
| Evarūpaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, so bhagavā jhānaṃ na vaṇṇesi. |
The Buddha didn’t praise this kind of jhāna. |
佛陀没有赞扬这种禅那。 |
| Kathaṃ rūpañca, brāhmaṇa, so bhagavā jhānaṃ vaṇṇesi? |
And what kind of jhāna did he praise? |
那么，他赞扬了哪种禅那呢？ |
| Idha, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. |
It’s when a monk, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first jhāna, which has the rapture and pleasure born of seclusion, while directing-thought and evaluation. |
当一位比丘，全然地远离感官享乐，远离不善法，进入并安住于初禅，其中有离欲而生的喜和乐，以及寻和伺。 |
| Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ … |
As the directed-thought and evaluation are stilled, they enter and remain in the second jhāna, which has the rapture and pleasure born of undistractible-lucidity, with internal clarity and confidence, and unified mind, without directing-thought and evaluation. |
随着寻和伺的平息，他们进入并安住于第二禅，其中有由不散乱的明晰而生的喜和乐，内心清明自信，心念统一，没有寻和伺。 |
| tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ … |
And with the fading away of rapture, they enter and remain in the third jhāna, where they meditate with equanimity, rememberful and aware, personally experiencing the pleasure of which the noble ones declare, ‘Equanimous and rememberful, one meditates in pleasure.’ |
随着喜的消逝，他们进入并安住于第三禅，在那里他们以舍心禅修，具足正念和觉知，亲身体验圣者所宣称的“平等心和正念，禅修于乐”的快乐。 |
| catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. |
Giving up pleasure and pain, and ending former happiness and sadness, they enter and remain in the fourth jhāna, without pleasure or pain, with pure equanimity and remembering. |
舍弃乐和苦，并结束先前的快乐和悲伤，他们进入并安住于第四禅，没有乐或苦，只有纯净的平等心和正念。 |
| Evarūpaṃ kho, brāhmaṇa, so bhagavā jhānaṃ vaṇṇesī”ti. |
The Buddha praised this kind of jhāna.” |
佛陀赞扬了这种禅那。” |
| “Gārayhaṃ kira, bho ānanda, so bhavaṃ gotamo jhānaṃ garahi, pāsaṃsaṃ pasaṃsi. |
“Well, Master Ānanda, it seems that Master Gotama criticized the kind of jhāna that deserves criticism and praised that deserving of praise. |
“那么，阿难大师，看来乔达摩大师批评了该受批评的禅那，并赞扬了该受赞扬的禅那。 |
| Handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bho ānanda, gacchāma; |
Well, now, Master Ānanda, I must go. |
那么，阿难大师，我必须走了。 |
| bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā”ti. |
I have many duties, and much to do.” |
我有很多公务，很多事情要做。” |
| “Yassadāni tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, kālaṃ maññasī”ti. |
“Please, brahmin, go at your convenience.” |
“婆罗门，请便。” |
| Atha kho vassakāro brāhmaṇo magadhamahāmatto āyasmato ānandassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi. |
Then Vassakāra the brahmin, having approved and agreed with what Venerable Ānanda said, got up from his seat and left. |
于是婆罗门跋阇迦罗，赞同并认可了阿难尊者所说的话，从座位上起身离开了。 |
| Atha kho gopakamoggallāno brāhmaṇo acirapakkante vassakāre brāhmaṇe magadhamahāmatte āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca: |
Soon after he had left, Moggallāna the Guardian said to Ānanda: |
他离开后不久，守护者目犍连对阿难说： |
| “yaṃ no mayaṃ bhavantaṃ ānandaṃ apucchimhā taṃ no bhavaṃ ānando na byākāsī”ti. |
“You still haven’t answered my question.” |
“你还没有回答我的问题。” |
| “Nanu te, brāhmaṇa, avocumhā: |
“But brahmin, didn’t I say: |
“但是婆罗门，我不是说过吗： |
| ‘natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi tehi dhammehi sabbenasabbaṃ sabbathāsabbaṃ samannāgato yehi dhammehi samannāgato so bhagavā ahosi arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. |
‘There is no single monk who has all the same qualities in each and every way as possessed by Master Gotama, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. |
‘没有一位比丘，他的所有品质在各方面都与乔达摩大师，那位阿罗汉、完全觉悟的佛陀所具备的品质完全相同。 |
| So hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā, asañjātassa maggassa sañjanetā, anakkhātassa maggassa akkhātā, maggaññū, maggavidū, maggakovido. |
For the Blessed One gave rise to the unarisen path, gave birth to the unborn path, explained the unexplained path. He was the knower of the path, the discoverer of the path, the expert on the path. |
因为世尊开辟了未曾开辟的道路，生起了未曾生起的道路，解释了未曾解释的道路。他是道路的知者，道路的发现者，道路的专家。 |
| Maggānugā ca pana etarahi sāvakā viharanti pacchā samannāgatā’”ti. |
And now the disciples live following the path; they acquire it later.’” |
而现在弟子们遵循着这条道路生活；他们是后来才获得它的。’” |
