| Nandakovādasutta |
Advice from Nandaka |
难陀的忠告 |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
我曾这样听闻。 |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
有一次，佛陀住在舍卫城附近的祇树给孤独园。 |
| Atha kho mahāpajāpatigotamī pañcamattehi bhikkhunisatehi saddhiṃ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho mahāpajāpatigotamī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Mahāpajāpatī Gotamī together with around five hundred nuns approached the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, and said to him: |
那时，大爱道瞿昙弥与大约五百名比丘尼一同来到佛陀面前，顶礼，站立在一旁，对他说： |
| “ovadatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhuniyo; |
“Sir, may the Buddha please advise |
“世尊，请佛陀为比丘尼们说法， |
| anusāsatu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhuniyo; |
and instruct the nuns. |
并教导比丘尼们。 |
| karotu, bhante, bhagavā bhikkhunīnaṃ dhammiṃ kathan”ti. |
Please give the nuns a Dhamma talk.” |
请给比丘尼们一次佛法开示。” |
| Tena kho pana samayena therā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo ovadanti pariyāyena. |
Now at that time the senior monks were taking turns to advise the nuns. |
那时，长老比丘们轮流给比丘尼们说法。 |
| Āyasmā nandako na icchati bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ pariyāyena. |
But Venerable Nandaka didn’t want to take his turn. |
但难陀尊者不想轮到他。 |
| Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha said to Venerable Ānanda: |
然后佛陀对阿难尊者说： |
| “kassa nu kho, ānanda, ajja pariyāyo bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ pariyāyenā”ti? |
“Ānanda, whose turn is it to advise the nuns today?” |
“阿难，今天轮到谁给比丘尼们说法？” |
| “Sabbeheva, bhante, kato pariyāyo bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ pariyāyena. |
“It’s Nandaka’s turn, sir, |
“是难陀的轮次，世尊， |
| Ayaṃ, bhante, āyasmā nandako na icchati bhikkhuniyo ovadituṃ pariyāyenā”ti. |
but he doesn’t want to do it.” |
但他不想做。” |
| Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha said to Nandaka: |
然后佛陀对难陀说： |
| “ovada, nandaka, bhikkhuniyo; |
“Nandaka, please advise |
“难陀，请给比丘尼们说法， |
| anusāsa, nandaka, bhikkhuniyo; |
and instruct the nuns. |
并教导比丘尼们。 |
| karohi tvaṃ, brāhmaṇa, bhikkhunīnaṃ dhammiṃ kathan”ti. |
Please, brahmin, give the nuns a Dhamma talk.” |
请，婆罗门，给比丘尼们一次佛法开示。” |
| “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā nandako bhagavato paṭissutvā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. |
“Yes, sir,” replied Nandaka. Then, in the morning, he robed up and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Sāvatthī for alms. |
“是的，世尊，”难陀回答。然后，早上，他穿好僧袍，拿起钵和僧袍，进入舍卫城乞食。 |
| Sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto attadutiyo yena rājakārāmo tenupasaṅkami. |
He wandered for alms in Sāvatthī. After the meal, on his return from alms-round, he went to the Royal Monastery with a companion. |
他在舍卫城乞食。饭后，从乞食回来，他与一位同伴去了王室精舍。 |
| Addasaṃsu kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. |
Those nuns saw him coming off in the distance, |
那些比丘尼远远地看到他走来， |
| Disvāna āsanaṃ paññāpesuṃ, udakañca pādānaṃ upaṭṭhapesuṃ. |
so they spread out a seat and placed water for washing the feet. |
于是她们铺好座位，并放好洗脚水。 |
| Nisīdi kho āyasmā nandako paññatte āsane. |
Nandaka sat down on the seat spread out, |
难陀坐在铺好的座位上， |
| Nisajja pāde pakkhālesi. |
and washed his feet. |
洗了脚。 |
| Tāpi kho bhikkhuniyo āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. |
Those nuns bowed, and sat down to one side. |
那些比丘尼顶礼，然后坐在一旁。 |
| Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmā nandako etadavoca: |
Nandaka said to them: |
难陀对她们说： |
| “paṭipucchakathā kho, bhaginiyo, bhavissati. |
“Sisters, this talk shall be in the form of questions. |
“姐妹们，这次谈话将以提问的形式进行。 |
| Tattha ājānantīhi: ‘ājānāmā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ, na ājānantīhi: ‘na ājānāmā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
When you understand, say so. When you don’t understand, say so. |
当你理解时，就说理解。当你不理解时，就说不理解。 |
| Yassā vā panassa kaṅkhā vā vimati vā ahameva tattha paṭipucchitabbo: |
If anyone has a doubt or uncertainty, ask me about it: |
如果任何人有疑问或不确定，就问我： |
| ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ; imassa kvattho’”ti? |
‘Why, sir, does it say this? What does that mean?’” |
‘世尊，为什么会这样说？那是什么意思？’” |
| “Ettakenapi mayaṃ, bhante, ayyassa nandakassa attamanā abhiraddhā yaṃ no ayyo nandako pavāretī”ti. |
“We’re already delighted and satisfied with Venerable Nandaka, since he invites like this.” |
“我们已经很高兴和满意难陀尊者，因为他这样邀请我们。” |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhaginiyo, |
“What do you think, sisters? |
“姐妹们，你们认为呢？ |
| cakkhu niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
Is the eye permanent or impermanent?” |
眼睛是常还是无常？” |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante”. |
“Impermanent, sir.” |
“无常，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā”ti? |
“But if it’s impermanent, is it suffering or happiness?” |
“但是如果它是无常的，它是苦还是乐？” |
| “Dukkhaṃ, bhante”. |
“Suffering, sir.” |
“苦，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ: |
“But if it’s impermanent, suffering, and perishable, is it fit to be regarded thus: |
“但是如果它是无常的，是苦的，是会坏的，它适合被认为是： |
| ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti? |
‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?” |
‘这是我的，我就是这个，这是我的自我’吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir.” |
“不，世尊。” |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhaginiyo, |
“What do you think, sisters? |
“姐妹们，你们认为呢？ |
| sotaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
Is the ear … |
耳朵…… |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante … pe … |
|
|
| ghānaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
nose … |
鼻子…… |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante” … |
|
|
| “jivhā niccā vā aniccā vā”ti? |
tongue … |
舌头…… |
| “Aniccā, bhante” … |
|
|
| “kāyo nicco vā anicco vā”ti? |
body … |
身体…… |
| “Anicco, bhante” … |
|
|
| “mano nicco vā anicco vā”ti? |
mind permanent or impermanent?” |
心是常还是无常？” |
| “Anicco, bhante”. |
“Impermanent, sir.” |
“无常，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā”ti? |
“But if it’s impermanent, is it suffering or happiness?” |
“但是如果它是无常的，它是苦还是乐？” |
| “Dukkhaṃ, bhante”. |
“Suffering, sir.” |
“苦，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ: |
“But if it’s impermanent, suffering, and perishable, is it fit to be regarded thus: |
“但是如果它是无常的，是苦的，是会坏的，它适合被认为是： |
| ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti? |
‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?” |
‘这是我的，我就是这个，这是我的自我’吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhaginiyo, |
What do you think, sisters? |
姐妹们，你们认为呢？ |
| rūpā niccā vā aniccā vā”ti? |
Are sights permanent or impermanent?” |
色是常还是无常？” |
| “Aniccā, bhante”. |
“Impermanent, sir.” |
“无常，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā”ti? |
“But if they're impermanent, are they suffering or happiness?” |
“但是如果它们是无常的，它们是苦还是乐？” |
| “Dukkhaṃ, bhante”. |
“Suffering, sir.” |
“苦，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ: |
“But if they're impermanent, suffering, and perishable, are they fit to be regarded thus: |
“但是如果它们是无常的，是苦的，是会坏的，它们适合被认为是： |
| ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti? |
‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?” |
‘这是我的，我就是这个，这是我的自我’吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir.” |
“不，世尊。” |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhaginiyo, |
“What do you think, sisters? |
“姐妹们，你们认为呢？ |
| saddā niccā vā aniccā vā”ti? |
Are sounds … |
声…… |
| “Aniccā, bhante … pe … |
|
|
| gandhā niccā vā aniccā vā”ti? |
smells … |
香…… |
| “Aniccā, bhante” … |
|
|
| “rasā niccā vā aniccā vā”ti? |
tastes … |
味…… |
| “Aniccā, bhante” … |
|
|
| “phoṭṭhabbā niccā vā aniccā vā”ti? |
touches … |
触…… |
| “Aniccā, bhante” … |
|
|
| “dhammā niccā vā aniccā vā”ti? |
thoughts permanent or impermanent?” |
法是常还是无常？” |
| “Aniccā, bhante”. |
“Impermanent, sir.” |
“无常，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā”ti? |
“But if they're impermanent, are they suffering or happiness?” |
“但是如果它们是无常的，它们是苦还是乐？” |
| “Dukkhaṃ, bhante”. |
“Suffering, sir.” |
“苦，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ: |
“But if they're impermanent, suffering, and perishable, are they fit to be regarded thus: |
“但是如果它们是无常的，是苦的，是会坏的，它们适合被认为是： |
| ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti? |
‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?” |
‘这是我的，我就是这个，这是我的自我’吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| “Pubbeva no etaṃ, bhante, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ: |
Because we have already truly seen this with right wisdom: |
因为我们已经以正智真实地看到了这一点： |
| ‘itipime cha bāhirā āyatanā aniccā’”ti. |
‘So these six exterior sense fields are impermanent.’” |
‘这六个外感官都是无常的。’” |
| “Sādhu sādhu, bhaginiyo. |
“Good, good, sisters! |
“善哉，善哉，姐妹们！ |
| Evañhetaṃ, bhaginiyo, hoti ariyasāvakassa yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato. |
That’s how it is for a noble-one's-disciple who truly sees with right wisdom. |
圣弟子以正智真实地看到，就是这样。 |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhaginiyo, |
What do you think, sisters? |
姐妹们，你们认为呢？ |
| cakkhuviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
Is eye consciousness … |
眼识…… |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante”. |
|
|
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vā”ti? |
|
|
| “Dukkhaṃ, bhante”. |
|
|
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ: |
|
|
| ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti? |
|
|
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
|
|
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhaginiyo, sotaviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
ear consciousness … |
耳识…… |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante … pe … |
|
|
| ghānaviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
nose consciousness … |
鼻识…… |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante” … |
|
|
| “jivhāviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
tongue consciousness … |
舌识…… |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante” … |
|
|
| “kāyaviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
body consciousness … |
身识…… |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante” … |
|
|
| “manoviññāṇaṃ niccaṃ vā aniccaṃ vā”ti? |
mind consciousness permanent or impermanent?” |
意识是常还是无常？” |
| “Aniccaṃ, bhante”. |
“Impermanent, sir.” |
“无常，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vā taṃ sukhaṃ vāti”? |
“But if it’s impermanent, is it suffering or happiness?” |
“但是如果它是无常的，它是苦还是乐？” |
| “Dukkhaṃ, bhante”. |
“Suffering, sir.” |
“苦，世尊。” |
| “Yaṃ panāniccaṃ dukkhaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, kallaṃ nu taṃ samanupassituṃ: |
“But if it’s impermanent, suffering, and perishable, is it fit to be regarded thus: |
“但是如果它是无常的，是苦的，是会坏的，它适合被认为是： |
| ‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’”ti? |
‘This is mine, I am this, this is my self’?” |
‘这是我的，我就是这个，这是我的自我’吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| “Pubbeva no etaṃ, bhante, yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ: |
Because we have already truly seen this with right wisdom: |
因为我们已经以正智真实地看到了这一点： |
| ‘itipime cha viññāṇakāyā aniccā’”ti. |
‘So these six classes of consciousness are impermanent.’” |
‘这六识身都是无常的。’” |
| “Sādhu sādhu, bhaginiyo. |
“Good, good, sisters! |
“善哉，善哉，姐妹们！ |
| Evañhetaṃ, bhaginiyo, hoti ariyasāvakassa yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato. |
That’s how it is for a noble-one's-disciple who truly sees with right wisdom. |
圣弟子以正智真实地看到，就是这样。 |
| Seyyathāpi, bhaginiyo, telappadīpassa jhāyato telampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, vaṭṭipi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā, accipi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā, ābhāpi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā. |
Suppose there was an oil lamp burning. The oil, wick, flame, and light were all impermanent and perishable. |
假设有一盏油灯在燃烧。油、灯芯、火焰和光都是无常和会坏的。 |
| Yo nu kho, bhaginiyo, evaṃ vadeyya: |
Now, suppose someone was to say: |
现在，假设有人说： |
| ‘amussa telappadīpassa jhāyato telampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, vaṭṭipi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā, accipi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā; |
‘While this oil lamp is burning, the oil, the wick, and the flame are all impermanent and perishable. |
‘当这盏油灯燃烧时，油、灯芯和火焰都是无常和会坏的。 |
| yā ca khvāssa ābhā sā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā’ti; |
But the light is permanent, lasting, eternal, and imperishable.’ |
但光是常住的，持久的，永恒的，不会坏的。’ |
| sammā nu kho so, bhaginiyo, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
Would they be speaking rightly?” |
他们说得对吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| “Amussa hi, bhante, telappadīpassa jhāyato telampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, vaṭṭipi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā, accipi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā; |
Because that oil lamp’s oil, wick, and flame are all impermanent and perishable, |
因为那盏油灯的油、灯芯和火焰都是无常和会坏的， |
| pagevassa ābhā aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā”ti. |
let alone the light.” |
更何况是光呢。” |
| “Evameva kho, bhaginiyo, yo nu kho evaṃ vadeyya: |
“In the same way, suppose someone was to say: |
“同样地，假设有人说： |
| ‘cha khome ajjhattikā āyatanā aniccā; |
‘These six interior sense fields are impermanent. |
‘这六个内感官都是无常的。 |
| yañca kho cha ajjhattike āyatane paṭicca paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā taṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhamman’ti; |
But the feeling—whether pleasant, painful, or neutral—that I experience due to these six interior sense fields is permanent, lasting, eternal, and imperishable.’ |
但由于这六个内感官而体验到的感受——无论是乐、苦或不苦不乐——都是常住的，持久的，永恒的，不会坏的。’ |
| sammā nu kho so, bhaginiyo, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
Would they be speaking rightly?” |
他们说得对吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| “Tajjaṃ tajjaṃ, bhante, paccayaṃ paṭicca tajjā tajjā vedanā uppajjanti. |
Because each kind of feeling arises dependent on the corresponding condition. |
因为每一种感受都依赖于相应的条件而生起。 |
| Tajjassa tajjassa paccayassa nirodhā tajjā tajjā vedanā nirujjhantī”ti. |
When the corresponding condition ceases, the appropriate feeling ceases.” |
当相应的条件止息时，相应的感受也止息。” |
| “Sādhu sādhu, bhaginiyo. |
“Good, good, sisters! |
“善哉，善哉，姐妹们！ |
| Evañhetaṃ, bhaginiyo, hoti ariyasāvakassa yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato. |
That’s how it is for a noble-one's-disciple who truly sees with right wisdom. |
圣弟子以正智真实地看到，就是这样。 |
| Seyyathāpi, bhaginiyo, mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato mūlampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, khandhopi anicco vipariṇāmadhammo, sākhāpalāsampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, chāyāpi aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā. |
Suppose there was a large tree standing with heartwood. The roots, trunk, branches and leaves, and shadow were all impermanent and perishable. |
假设有一棵大树，有心材。根、树干、枝叶和影子都是无常和会坏的。 |
| Yo nu kho, bhaginiyo, evaṃ vadeyya: |
Now, suppose someone was to say: |
现在，假设有人说： |
| ‘amussa mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato mūlampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, khandhopi anicco vipariṇāmadhammo, sākhāpalāsampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, yā ca khvāssa chāyā sā niccā dhuvā sassatā avipariṇāmadhammā’ti; |
‘There’s a large tree standing with heartwood. The roots, trunk, and branches and leaves are all impermanent and perishable. But the shadow is permanent, lasting, eternal, and imperishable.’ |
‘有一棵大树，有心材。根、树干、枝叶都是无常和会坏的。但影子是常住的，持久的，永恒的，不会坏的。’ |
| sammā nu kho so, bhaginiyo, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
Would they be speaking rightly?” |
他们说得对吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| “Amussa hi, bhante, mahato rukkhassa tiṭṭhato sāravato mūlampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ, khandhopi anicco vipariṇāmadhammo, sākhāpalāsampi aniccaṃ vipariṇāmadhammaṃ; |
“Because that large tree’s roots, trunk, and branches and leaves are all impermanent and perishable, |
因为那棵大树的根、树干、枝叶都是无常和会坏的， |
| pagevassa chāyā aniccā vipariṇāmadhammā”ti. |
let alone the shadow.” |
更何况是影子呢。” |
| “Evameva kho, bhaginiyo, yo nu kho evaṃ vadeyya: |
“In the same way, suppose someone was to say: |
“同样地，假设有人说： |
| ‘cha khome bāhirā āyatanā aniccā. |
‘These six exterior sense fields are impermanent. |
‘这六个外感官都是无常的。 |
| Yañca kho cha bāhire āyatane paṭicca paṭisaṃvedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā adukkhamasukhaṃ vā taṃ niccaṃ dhuvaṃ sassataṃ avipariṇāmadhamman’ti; |
But the feeling—whether pleasant, painful, or neutral—that I experience due to these six exterior sense fields is permanent, lasting, eternal, and imperishable.’ |
但由于这六个外感官而体验到的感受——无论是乐、苦或不苦不乐——都是常住的，持久的，永恒的，不会坏的。’ |
| sammā nu kho so, bhaginiyo, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
Would they be speaking rightly?” |
他们说得对吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| “Tajjaṃ tajjaṃ, bhante, paccayaṃ paṭicca tajjā tajjā vedanā uppajjanti. |
Because each kind of feeling arises dependent on the corresponding condition. |
因为每一种感受都依赖于相应的条件而生起。 |
| Tajjassa tajjassa paccayassa nirodhā tajjā tajjā vedanā nirujjhantī”ti. |
When the corresponding condition ceases, the appropriate feeling ceases.” |
当相应的条件止息时，相应的感受也止息。” |
| “Sādhu sādhu, bhaginiyo. |
“Good, good, sisters! |
“善哉，善哉，姐妹们！ |
| Evañhetaṃ, bhaginiyo, hoti ariyasāvakassa yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya passato. |
That’s how it is for a noble-one's-disciple who truly sees with right wisdom. |
圣弟子以正智真实地看到，就是这样。 |
| Seyyathāpi, bhaginiyo, dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā gāviṃ vadhitvā tiṇhena govikantanena gāviṃ saṅkanteyya anupahacca antaraṃ maṃsakāyaṃ anupahacca bāhiraṃ cammakāyaṃ. |
Suppose an expert butcher or butcher’s apprentice was to kill a cow and carve it with a sharp meat cleaver. Without damaging the flesh inside or the hide outside, |
假设一个熟练的屠夫或屠夫的学徒，杀死一头牛，用锋利的切肉刀肢解它。在不损坏内部的肉或外部的皮的情况下， |
| Yaṃ yadeva tattha antarā vilimaṃsaṃ antarā nhāru antarā bandhanaṃ taṃ tadeva tiṇhena govikantanena sañchindeyya saṅkanteyya sampakanteyya samparikanteyya. |
they’d cut, carve, sever, and slice through the connecting tendons, sinews, and ligaments, |
他们会切开、雕刻、分离、切割连接的肌腱、筋腱和韧带， |
| Sañchinditvā saṅkantitvā sampakantitvā samparikantitvā vidhunitvā bāhiraṃ cammakāyaṃ teneva cammena taṃ gāviṃ paṭicchādetvā evaṃ vadeyya: |
and then peel off the outer hide. Then they’d wrap that cow up in that very same hide and say: |
然后剥下外皮。然后他们会用同样的皮把那头牛包裹起来，说： |
| ‘tathevāyaṃ gāvī saṃyuttā imināva cammenā’ti; |
‘This cow is joined to its hide just like before.’ |
‘这头牛和它的皮像以前一样连接在一起。’ |
| sammā nu kho so, bhaginiyo, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
Would they be speaking rightly?” |
他们说得对吗？” |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不，世尊。 |
| “Taṃ kissa hetu”? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| “Amu hi, bhante, dakkho goghātako vā goghātakantevāsī vā gāviṃ vadhitvā tiṇhena govikantanena gāviṃ saṅkanteyya anupahacca antaraṃ maṃsakāyaṃ anupahacca bāhiraṃ cammakāyaṃ. |
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| Yaṃ yadeva tattha antarā vilimaṃsaṃ antarā nhāru antarā bandhanaṃ taṃ tadeva tiṇhena govikantanena sañchindeyya saṅkanteyya sampakanteyya samparikanteyya. |
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| Sañchinditvā saṅkantitvā sampakantitvā samparikantitvā vidhunitvā bāhiraṃ cammakāyaṃ teneva cammena taṃ gāviṃ paṭicchādetvā kiñcāpi so evaṃ vadeyya: |
Because even if they wrap that cow up in that very same hide and say: |
因为即使他们用同样的皮把那头牛包裹起来，说： |
| ‘tathevāyaṃ gāvī saṃyuttā imināva cammenā’ti; |
‘This cow is joined to its hide just like before,’ |
‘这头牛和它的皮像以前一样连接在一起，’ |
| atha kho sā gāvī visaṃyuttā teneva cammenā”ti. |
still that cow is not joined to that hide.” |
那头牛仍然没有和那张皮连接在一起。” |
| “Upamā kho me ayaṃ, bhaginiyo, katā atthassa viññāpanāya. |
“I’ve made up this simile to make a point. |
“我之所以作这个譬喻，是为了说明一个要点。 |
| Ayamevettha attho; |
And this is the point. |
要点就是这个。 |
| ‘antarā maṃsakāyo’ti kho, bhaginiyo, channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ; |
‘The inner flesh’ is a term for the six interior sense fields. |
‘内肉’是六个内感官的代称。 |
| ‘bāhiro cammakāyo’ti kho, bhaginiyo, channetaṃ bāhirānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ; |
‘The outer hide’ is a term for the six exterior sense fields. |
‘外皮’是六个外感官的代称。 |
| ‘antarā vilimaṃsaṃ, antarā nhāru, antarā bandhanan’ti kho, bhaginiyo, nandīrāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ; |
‘The connecting tendons, sinews, and ligaments’ is a term for desire with relishing. |
‘连接的肌腱、筋腱和韧带’是贪爱与喜乐的代称。 |
| ‘tiṇhaṃ govikantanan’ti kho, bhaginiyo, ariyāyetaṃ paññāya adhivacanaṃ; |
‘A sharp meat cleaver’ is a term for noble wisdom. |
‘锋利的切肉刀’是圣智慧的代称。 |
| yāyaṃ ariyā paññā antarā kilesaṃ antarā saṃyojanaṃ antarā bandhanaṃ sañchindati saṅkantati sampakantati samparikantati. |
And it is that noble wisdom which cuts, carves, severs, and slices the connecting corruption, fetter, and bond. |
而正是那圣智慧斩断、雕刻、分离、切割连接的腐败、束缚和系缚。 |
| Satta kho panime, bhaginiyo, bojjhaṅgā, yesaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati. |
Sisters, by developing and cultivating these seven awakening factors, a monk realizes the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. And they live having realized it with their own insight due to the ending of defilements. |
姐妹们，通过修习和培育这七种觉支，比丘在此生中证得无垢解脱心和智慧解脱。并且由于烦恼的灭尽，他们以自己的洞察力证得并安住于此。 |
| Katame satta? |
What seven? |
哪七种呢？ |
| Idha, bhaginiyo, bhikkhu satisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ, dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti … pe … vīriyasambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti … pītisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti … passaddhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti … samādhisambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti … upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitaṃ virāganissitaṃ nirodhanissitaṃ vossaggapariṇāmiṃ. |
It’s when a monk develops the awakening factors of remembering, investigation of dharmas, energy, rapture, pacification, undistractible-lucidity, and equanimous-observation, which rely on seclusion, fading away, and cessation, and ripen as letting go. |
当比丘修习忆念、择法、精进、喜、轻安、定、舍七觉支，这些觉支依止于离欲、灭尽、舍离，并以放下为究竟。 |
| Ime kho, bhaginiyo, satta bojjhaṅgā, yesaṃ bhāvitattā bahulīkatattā bhikkhu āsavānaṃ khayā anāsavaṃ cetovimuttiṃ paññāvimuttiṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharatī”ti. |
It is by developing and cultivating these seven awakening factors that a monk realizes the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life. And they live having realized it with their own insight due to the ending of defilements.” |
通过修习和培育这七种觉支，比丘在此生中证得无垢解脱心和智慧解脱。并且由于烦恼的灭尽，他们以自己的洞察力证得并安住于此。” |
| Atha kho āyasmā nandako tā bhikkhuniyo iminā ovādena ovaditvā uyyojesi: |
Then after giving this advice to the nuns, Nandaka dismissed them, saying: |
然后，难陀对这些比丘尼们作了这样的忠告后，便遣散她们，说道： |
| “gacchatha, bhaginiyo; kālo”ti. |
“Go, sisters, it is time.” |
“去吧，姐妹们，时候到了。” |
| Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmato nandakassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavā etadavoca: |
And then those nuns approved and agreed with what Nandaka had said. They got up from their seat, bowed, and respectfully circled him, keeping him on their right. Then they went up to the Buddha, bowed, and stood to one side. The Buddha said to them: |
然后那些比丘尼认同并同意了难陀所说的话。她们从座位上起身，顶礼，恭敬地右绕他。然后她们走到佛陀面前，顶礼，站立在一旁。佛陀对她们说： |
| “gacchatha, bhikkhuniyo; kālo”ti. |
“Go, nuns, it is time.” |
“去吧，比丘尼们，时候到了。” |
| Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu. |
Then those nuns bowed to the Buddha respectfully circled him, keeping him on their right, before departing. |
然后那些比丘尼顶礼佛陀，恭敬地右绕他，然后离开了。 |
| Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantīsu tāsu bhikkhunīsu bhikkhū āmantesi: |
Soon after those nuns had left, the Buddha addressed the monks: |
那些比丘尼离开后不久，佛陀对比丘们说： |
| “seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, tadahuposathe cātuddase na hoti bahuno janassa kaṅkhā vā vimati vā: |
“Suppose, monks, it was the sabbath of the fourteenth day. You wouldn’t get lots of people |
“比丘们，假设今天是十四日布萨日。你们不会有很多人 |
| ‘ūno nu kho cando, puṇṇo nu kho cando’ti, atha kho ūno cando tveva hoti. |
wondering whether the moon is full or not, since it is obviously not full. |
疑惑月亮是否圆满，因为它明显不圆满。 |
| Evameva kho, bhikkhave, tā bhikkhuniyo nandakassa dhammadesanāya attamanā honti no ca kho paripuṇṇasaṅkappā”ti. |
In the same way, those nuns were uplifted by Nandaka’s Dhamma teaching, but they still haven’t found what they’re looking for.” |
同样地，那些比丘尼们被难陀的佛法教导所振奋，但她们还没有找到她们正在寻找的东西。” |
| Atha kho bhagavā āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha said to Nandaka: |
然后佛陀对难陀说： |
| “tena hi tvaṃ, nandaka, svepi tā bhikkhuniyo tenevovādena ovadeyyāsī”ti. |
“Well, then, Nandaka, tomorrow you should give those nuns the same advice again.” |
“那么，难陀，明天你再给那些比丘尼们同样的忠告吧。” |
| “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā nandako bhagavato paccassosi. |
“Yes, sir,” Nandaka replied. |
“是的，世尊，”难陀回答。 |
| Atha kho āyasmā nandako tassā rattiyā accayena pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya sāvatthiṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. |
And the next day he went to those nuns, and all unfolded just like the previous day. |
第二天他去见那些比丘尼们，一切都像前一天一样展开。 |
| Sāvatthiyaṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto attadutiyo yena rājakārāmo tenupasaṅkami. |
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| Addasaṃsu kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. |
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| Disvāna āsanaṃ paññāpesuṃ, udakañca pādānaṃ upaṭṭhapesuṃ. |
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| Nisīdi kho āyasmā nandako paññatte āsane. |
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| Nisajja pāde pakkhālesi. |
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| Tāpi kho bhikkhuniyo āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. |
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| Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmā nandako etadavoca: |
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| “paṭipucchakathā kho, bhaginiyo, bhavissati. |
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| Tattha ājānantīhi ‘ājānāmā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ, na ājānantīhi ‘na ājānāmā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
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| Yassā vā panassa kaṅkhā vā vimati vā, ahameva tattha paṭipucchitabbo: |
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| ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ; imassa kvattho’”ti. |
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| “Ettakenapi mayaṃ, bhante, ayyassa nandakassa attamanā abhiraddhā yaṃ no ayyo nandako pavāretī”ti. |
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| Atha kho āyasmā nandako tā bhikkhuniyo iminā ovādena ovaditvā uyyojesi: |
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| “gacchatha, bhaginiyo; kālo”ti. |
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| Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmato nandakassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā āyasmantaṃ nandakaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavā etadavoca: |
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| “gacchatha, bhikkhuniyo; kālo”ti. |
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| Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkamiṃsu. |
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| Atha kho bhagavā acirapakkantīsu tāsu bhikkhunīsu bhikkhū āmantesi: |
Soon after those nuns had left, the Buddha addressed the monks: |
那些比丘尼离开后不久，佛陀对比丘们说： |
| “seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, tadahuposathe pannarase na hoti bahuno janassa kaṅkhā vā vimati vā: |
“Suppose, monks, it was the sabbath of the fifteenth day. You wouldn’t get lots of people |
“比丘们，假设今天是十五日布萨日。你们不会有很多人 |
| ‘ūno nu kho cando, puṇṇo nu kho cando’ti, atha kho puṇṇo cando tveva hoti; |
wondering whether the moon is full or not, since it is obviously full. |
疑惑月亮是否圆满，因为它明显是圆满的。 |
| evameva kho, bhikkhave, tā bhikkhuniyo nandakassa dhammadesanāya attamanā ceva paripuṇṇasaṅkappā ca. |
In the same way, those nuns were uplifted by Nandaka’s Dhamma teaching, and they found what they’re looking for. |
同样地，那些比丘尼们被难陀的佛法教导所振奋，她们找到了她们正在寻找的东西。 |
| Tāsaṃ, bhikkhave, pañcannaṃ bhikkhunisatānaṃ yā pacchimikā bhikkhunī sā sotāpannā avinipātadhammā niyatā sambodhiparāyanā”ti. |
Even the last of these five hundred nuns is a stream-enterer, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening.” |
这五百比丘尼中，即使是最后一位，也是入流者，不再堕入恶道，注定将证得觉悟。” |
