(cst6) |
(derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) |
Saṃyutta Nikāya 11 |
Linked Discourses 11 |
1. Paṭhamavagga |
1. The First Chapter |
1. Suvīrasutta |
1. With Suvīra |
Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There the Buddha addressed the monks: |
“bhikkhavo”ti. |
“monks!” |
“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. |
“Venerable sir,” they replied. |
Bhagavā etadavoca: |
The Buddha said this: |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, asurā deve abhiyaṃsu. |
“Once upon a time, monks, the demons marched against the gods. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo suvīraṃ devaputtaṃ āmantesi: |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, addressed the god Suvīra: |
‘ete, tāta suvīra, asurā deve abhiyanti. |
‘Dear Suvīra, the demons march against the gods! |
Gaccha, tāta suvīra, asure paccuyyāhī’ti. |
Go, and march against the demons!’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, suvīro devaputto sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā pamādaṃ āpādesi. |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Suvīra. But he fell into negligence. |
Dutiyampi kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo suvīraṃ devaputtaṃ āmantesi: |
For a second time Sakka addressed Suvīra: |
‘ete, tāta suvīra, asurā deve abhiyanti. |
‘Dear Suvīra, the demons march against the gods! |
Gaccha, tāta suvīra, asure paccuyyāhī’ti. |
Go, and march against the demons!’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, suvīro devaputto sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā dutiyampi pamādaṃ āpādesi. |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Suvīra. But for a second time he fell into negligence. |
Tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo suvīraṃ devaputtaṃ āmantesi: |
For a third time Sakka addressed Suvīra: |
‘ete, tāta suvīra, asurā deve abhiyanti. |
‘Dear Suvīra, the demons march against the gods! |
Gaccha, tāta suvīra, asure paccuyyāhī’ti. |
Go, and march against the demons!’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, suvīro devaputto sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā tatiyampi pamādaṃ āpādesi. |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Suvīra. But for a third time he fell into negligence. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo suvīraṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
Then Sakka addressed the god Suvīra in verse: |
‘Anuṭṭhahaṃ avāyāmaṃ, |
‘Suvīra, go to that place |
sukhaṃ yatrādhigacchati; |
where you can achieve happiness |
Suvīra tattha gacchāhi, |
without working for it or trying hard— |
mañca tattheva pāpayā’ti. |
and take me with you!’ |
‘Alasvassa anuṭṭhātā, |
‘That a lazy man who does no work, |
na ca kiccāni kāraye; |
and doesn’t do his duty, |
Sabbakāmasamiddhassa, |
should fulfill all his desires: |
taṃ me sakka varaṃ disā’ti. |
Sakka, grant me this boon!’ |
‘Yatthālaso anuṭṭhātā, |
‘Suvīra, go to that place |
accantaṃ sukhamedhati; |
where a lazy man who does no work |
Suvīra tattha gacchāhi, |
prospers in unending happiness— |
mañca tattheva pāpayā’ti. |
and take me with you!’ |
‘Akammunā devaseṭṭha, |
‘O Sakka, best of gods, |
sakka vindemu yaṃ sukhaṃ; |
that we might find the happiness |
Asokaṃ anupāyāsaṃ, |
that’s sorrowless, unstressed: |
taṃ me sakka varaṃ disā’ti. |
Sakka, grant me this boon!’ |
‘Sace atthi akammena, |
‘If there exists anyone anywhere |
koci kvaci na jīvati; |
who can can live happily without working, |
Nibbānassa hi so maggo, |
that surely would be nirvana’s path! |
suvīra tattha gacchāhi; |
Go there, Suvīra, |
Mañca tattheva pāpayā’ti. |
and take me with you!’ |
So hi nāma, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo sakaṃ puññaphalaṃ upajīvamāno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kārento uṭṭhānavīriyassa vaṇṇavādī bhavissati. |
So, monks, even Sakka, lord of gods—while living off of the fruit of his good and bad deeds, and ruling as sovereign lord over these gods of the Thirty-Three—will speak in praise of initiative and energy. |
Idha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sobhetha, yaṃ tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā uṭṭhaheyyātha ghaṭeyyātha vāyameyyātha appattassa pattiyā anadhigatassa adhigamāya, asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā”ti. |
But since you have gone forth in such a well explained Dharma and Training, it would be truly beautiful for you to try hard, strive, and make an effort to attain the unattained, achieve the unachieved, and realize the unrealized!” |
2. Susīmasutta |
2. With Susīma |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There the Buddha addressed the monks: |
“bhikkhavo”ti. |
“monks!” |
“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. |
“Venerable sir,” they replied. |
Bhagavā etadavoca: |
The Buddha said this: |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, asurā deve abhiyaṃsu. |
“Once upon a time, monks, the demons marched against the gods. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo susīmaṃ devaputtaṃ āmantesi: |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, addressed the god Susīma: |
‘ete, tāta susīma, asurā deve abhiyanti. |
‘Dear Susīma, the demons march against the gods! |
Gaccha, tāta susīma, asure paccuyyāhī’ti. |
Go, and march against the demons!’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, susīmo devaputto sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā pamādaṃ āpādesi. |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Susīma. But he fell into negligence. |
Dutiyampi kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo susīmaṃ devaputtaṃ āmantesi … pe … |
For a second time … |
dutiyampi pamādaṃ āpādesi. |
|
Tatiyampi kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo susīmaṃ devaputtaṃ āmantesi … pe … |
For a third time … |
tatiyampi pamādaṃ āpādesi. |
|
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo susīmaṃ devaputtaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
Then Sakka addressed the god Susīma in verse: |
‘Anuṭṭhahaṃ avāyāmaṃ, |
‘Susīma, go to that place |
sukhaṃ yatrādhigacchati; |
where you can achieve happiness |
Susīma tattha gacchāhi, |
without working for it or trying hard— |
mañca tattheva pāpayā’ti. |
and take me with you!’ |
‘Alasvassa anuṭṭhātā, |
‘That a lazy man who does no work, |
na ca kiccāni kāraye; |
and doesn’t do his duty, |
Sabbakāmasamiddhassa, |
should fulfill all his desires: |
taṃ me sakka varaṃ disā’ti. |
Sakka, grant me this boon!’ |
‘Yatthālaso anuṭṭhātā, |
‘Susīma, go to that place |
accantaṃ sukhamedhati; |
where a lazy man who does no work |
Susīma tattha gacchāhi, |
prospers in unending happiness— |
mañca tattheva pāpayā’ti. |
and take me with you!’ |
‘Akammunā devaseṭṭha, |
‘O Sakka, best of gods, |
sakka vindemu yaṃ sukhaṃ; |
that we might find the happiness |
Asokaṃ anupāyāsaṃ, |
that’s sorrowless, unstressed: |
taṃ me sakka varaṃ disā’ti. |
Sakka, grant me this boon!’ |
‘Sace atthi akammena, |
‘If there exists anywhere a place |
koci kvaci na jīvati; |
where you can live happily without working, |
Nibbānassa hi so maggo, |
that surely would be nirvana’s path! |
susīma tattha gacchāhi; |
Susīma, go to that place |
Mañca tattheva pāpayā’ti. |
and take me with you!’ |
So hi nāma, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo sakaṃ puññaphalaṃ upajīvamāno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kārento uṭṭhānavīriyassa vaṇṇavādī bhavissati. |
So, monks, even Sakka, lord of gods—while living off of the fruit of his good and bad deeds, and ruling as sovereign lord over these gods of the Thirty-Three—will speak in praise of initiative and energy. |
Idha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sobhetha, yaṃ tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā uṭṭhaheyyātha ghaṭeyyātha vāyameyyātha appattassa pattiyā, anadhigatassa adhigamāya, asacchikatassa sacchikiriyāyā”ti. |
But since you have gone forth in such a well explained Dharma and Training, it would be truly beautiful for you to try hard, strive, and make an effort to attain the unattained, achieve the unachieved, and realize the unrealized!” |
3. Dhajaggasutta |
3. The Banner’s Crest |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There the Buddha addressed the monks: |
“bhikkhavo”ti. |
“monks!” |
“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. |
“Venerable sir,” they replied. |
Bhagavā etadavoca: |
The Buddha said this: |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. |
“Once upon a time, monks, a battle was fought between the gods and the demons. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo deve tāvatiṃse āmantesi: |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, addressed the gods of the Thirty-Three: |
‘Sace, mārisā, devānaṃ saṅgāmagatānaṃ uppajjeyya bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, mameva tasmiṃ samaye dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyātha. |
‘Good sirs, when the gods are fighting, if you get scared or terrified, just look up at my banner’s crest. |
Mamañhi vo dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyissati. |
Then your fear and terror will go away. |
No ce me dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyātha, atha pajāpatissa devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyātha. |
If you can’t see my banner’s crest, then look up at the banner’s crest of Pajāpati, king of gods. |
Pajāpatissa hi vo devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyissati. |
Then your fear and terror will go away. |
No ce pajāpatissa devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyātha, atha varuṇassa devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyātha. |
If you can’t see his banner’s crest, then look up at the banner’s crest of Varuṇa, king of gods. |
Varuṇassa hi vo devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyissati. |
Then your fear and terror will go away. |
No ce varuṇassa devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyātha, atha īsānassa devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokeyyātha. |
If you can’t see his banner’s crest, then look up at the banner’s crest of Īsāna, king of gods. |
Īsānassa hi vo devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyissatī’ti. |
Then your fear and terror will go away.’ |
Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, sakkassa vā devānamindassa dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ, pajāpatissa vā devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ, varuṇassa vā devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ, īsānassa vā devarājassa dhajaggaṃ ullokayataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyethāpi nopi pahīyetha. |
However, when they look up at those banner’s crests their fear and terror might go away or it might not. |
Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
Sakko hi, bhikkhave, devānamindo avītarāgo avītadoso avītamoho bhīru chambhī utrāsī palāyīti. |
Because Sakka is not free of greed, hate, and delusion. He gets fearful, scared, terrified, and runs away. |
Ahañca kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadāmi: |
But, monks, I say this: |
‘sace tumhākaṃ, bhikkhave, araññagatānaṃ vā rukkhamūlagatānaṃ vā suññāgāragatānaṃ vā uppajjeyya bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, mameva tasmiṃ samaye anussareyyātha: |
If you’ve gone to a wilderness, or to the root of a tree, or to an empty hut and you get scared or terrified, just recollect me: |
“itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā”ti. |
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ |
Mamañhi vo, bhikkhave, anussarataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyissati. |
Then your fear and terror will go away. |
No ce maṃ anussareyyātha, atha dhammaṃ anussareyyātha: |
If you can’t recollect me, then recollect The Dharma: |
“svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī”ti. |
‘The Dharma is well explained by the Buddha—realizable in this very life, immediately effective, inviting inspection, relevant, so that sensible people can know it for themselves.’ |
Dhammañhi vo, bhikkhave, anussarataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyissati. |
Then your fear and terror will go away. |
No ce dhammaṃ anussareyyātha, atha saṅghaṃ anussareyyātha: |
If you can’t recollect The Dharma, then recollect the Saṅgha: |
“suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā”ti. |
‘The Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples is practicing the way that’s good, straightforward, methodical, and proper. It consists of the four pairs, the eight individuals. This is the Saṅgha of the Buddha’s disciples that is worthy of offerings dedicated to the gods, worthy of hospitality, worthy of a teacher’s offering, worthy of greeting with joined palms, and is the supreme field of merit for the world.’ |
Saṅghañhi vo, bhikkhave, anussarataṃ yaṃ bhavissati bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā lomahaṃso vā, so pahīyissati. |
Then your fear and terror will go away. |
Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
Tathāgato hi, bhikkhave, arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vītarāgo vītadoso vītamoho abhīru acchambhī anutrāsī apalāyī’”ti. |
Because the Realized One is free of greed, hate, and delusion. He does not get fearful, scared, terrified, or run away.” |
Idamavoca bhagavā. |
That is what the Buddha said. |
Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā: |
Then the Holy One, the Teacher, went on to say: |
“Araññe rukkhamūle vā, |
“In the wilderness, at a tree’s root, |
suññāgāreva bhikkhavo; |
or an empty hut, O monks, |
Anussaretha sambuddhaṃ, |
recollect the Buddha, |
bhayaṃ tumhāka no siyā. |
and no fear will come to you. |
No ce buddhaṃ sareyyātha, |
If you can’t recollect the Buddha— |
lokajeṭṭhaṃ narāsabhaṃ; |
the eldest in the world, the bull of a man— |
Atha dhammaṃ sareyyātha, |
then recollect The Dharma, |
niyyānikaṃ sudesitaṃ. |
emancipating, well taught. |
No ce dhammaṃ sareyyātha, |
If you can’t recollect The Dharma— |
niyyānikaṃ sudesitaṃ; |
emancipating, well taught— |
Atha saṅghaṃ sareyyātha, |
then recollect the Saṅgha, |
puññakkhettaṃ anuttaraṃ. |
the supreme field of merit. |
Evaṃ buddhaṃ sarantānaṃ, |
Thus recollecting the Buddha, |
Dhammaṃ saṅghañca bhikkhavo; |
The Dharma, and the Saṅgha, monks, |
Bhayaṃ vā chambhitattaṃ vā, |
fear and terror |
Lomahaṃso na hessatī”ti. |
and goosebumps will be no more.” |
4. Vepacittisutta |
4. With Vepacitti |
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. |
“Once upon a time, monks, a battle was fought between the gods and the demons. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo asure āmantesi: |
Then Vepacitti, lord of demons, addressed the demons: |
‘sace, mārisā, devānaṃ asurasaṅgāme samupabyūḷhe asurā jineyyuṃ devā parājineyyuṃ, yena naṃ sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ kaṇṭhapañcamehi bandhanehi bandhitvā mama santike āneyyātha asurapuran’ti. |
‘My good sirs, if the demons defeat the gods in this battle, bind Sakka, the lord of gods, by his limbs and neck and bring him to my presence in the castle of demons.’ |
Sakkopi kho, bhikkhave, devānamindo deve tāvatiṃse āmantesi: |
Meanwhile, Sakka, lord of gods, addressed the gods of the Thirty-Three: |
‘sace, mārisā, devānaṃ asurasaṅgāme samupabyūḷhe devā jineyyuṃ asurā parājineyyuṃ, yena naṃ vepacittiṃ asurindaṃ kaṇṭhapañcamehi bandhanehi bandhitvā mama santike āneyyātha sudhammasabhan’ti. |
‘My good sirs, if the gods defeat the demons in this battle, bind Vepacitti by his limbs and neck and bring him to my presence in the Sudhamma hall of the gods.’ |
Tasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, saṅgāme devā jiniṃsu, asurā parājiniṃsu. |
In that battle the gods won and the demons lost. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā vepacittiṃ asurindaṃ kaṇṭhapañcamehi bandhanehi bandhitvā sakkassa devānamindassa santike ānesuṃ sudhammasabhaṃ. |
So the gods of the Thirty-Three bound Vepacitti by his limbs and neck and brought him to Sakka’s presence in the Sudhamma hall of the gods. |
Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo kaṇṭhapañcamehi bandhanehi baddho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ sudhammasabhaṃ pavisantañca nikkhamantañca asabbhāhi pharusāhi vācāhi akkosati paribhāsati. |
And as Sakka was entering and leaving the hall, Vepacitti abused and insulted him with rude, harsh words. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāhi ajjhabhāsi: |
So Mātali the charioteer addressed Sakka in verse: |
‘Bhayā nu maghavā sakka, |
‘O Maghavā, O Sakka, |
dubbalyā no titikkhasi; |
is it from fear or from weakness |
Suṇanto pharusaṃ vācaṃ, |
that you put up with such harsh words |
sammukhā vepacittino’ti. |
in the presence of Vepacitti?’ |
‘Nāhaṃ bhayā na dubbalyā, |
‘It’s not out of fear or weakness |
khamāmi vepacittino; |
that I’m patient with Vepacitti. |
Kathañhi mādiso viññū, |
For how can a sensible person like me |
bālena paṭisaṃyuje’ti. |
get in a fight with a fool?’ |
‘Bhiyyo bālā pabhijjeyyuṃ, |
‘Fools would vent even more |
no cassa paṭisedhako; |
if there’s no-one to put a stop to them. |
Tasmā bhusena daṇḍena, |
So a wise one should stop |
dhīro bālaṃ nisedhaye’ti. |
a fool with forceful punishment.’ |
‘Etadeva ahaṃ maññe, |
‘I think that this is the only way |
bālassa paṭisedhanaṃ; |
to put a stop to a fool: |
Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā, |
when you know that the other is upset, |
yo sato upasammatī’ti. |
be rememberful and stay calm.’ |
‘Etadeva titikkhāya, |
‘I see this flaw, Vāsava, |
vajjaṃ passāmi vāsava; |
in just being patient. |
Yadā naṃ maññati bālo, |
When a fool thinks: |
bhayā myāyaṃ titikkhati; |
“He puts up with me out of fear,” |
Ajjhāruhati dummedho, |
the idiot will go after you even harder, |
gova bhiyyo palāyinan’ti. |
like a cow chasing someone who runs away.’ |
‘Kāmaṃ maññatu vā mā vā, |
‘Let him think this if he wishes, or not— |
bhayā myāyaṃ titikkhati; |
“He puts up with me out of fear.” |
Sadatthaparamā atthā, |
Of goals culminating in one’s own good, |
khantyā bhiyyo na vijjati. |
none better than patience is found. |
Yo have balavā santo, |
When a strong person |
dubbalassa titikkhati; |
puts up with a weakling, |
Tamāhu paramaṃ khantiṃ, |
they call that the ultimate patience, |
niccaṃ khamati dubbalo. |
for a weakling must always be patient. |
Abalaṃ taṃ balaṃ āhu, |
The strength of folly |
yassa bālabalaṃ balaṃ; |
is really just weakness, they say. |
Balassa dhammaguttassa, |
But no-one can challenge a person |
paṭivattā na vijjati. |
who’s strong because guarded by The Dharma. |
Tasseva tena pāpiyo, |
When you get angry at an angry person |
yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati; |
you just make things worse for yourself. |
Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto, |
When you don’t get angry at an angry person |
saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjayaṃ. |
you win a battle hard to win. |
Ubhinnamatthaṃ carati, |
When you know that the other is angry, |
attano ca parassa ca; |
you act for the good of both |
Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā, |
yourself and the other |
yo sato upasammati. |
if you’re rememberful and stay calm. |
Ubhinnaṃ tikicchantānaṃ, |
People unfamiliar with The Dharma |
attano ca parassa ca; |
consider one who heals both |
Janā maññanti bāloti, |
oneself and the other |
ye dhammassa akovidā’ti. |
to be a fool.’ |
So hi nāma, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo sakaṃ puññaphalaṃ upajīvamāno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kārento khantisoraccassa vaṇṇavādī bhavissati. |
So, monks, even Sakka, lord of gods—while living off of the fruit of his good and bad deeds, and ruling as sovereign lord over these gods of the Thirty-Three—will speak in praise of patience and gentleness. |
Idha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sobhetha yaṃ tumhe evaṃ svākkhāte dhammavinaye pabbajitā samānā khamā ca bhaveyyātha soratā cā”ti. |
But since you have gone forth in such a well explained Dharma and Training, it would be truly beautiful for you to be patient and gentle!” |
5. Subhāsitajayasutta |
5. Victory by Good Speech |
Sāvatthinidānaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. |
“Once upon a time, monks, a battle was fought between the gods and the demons. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Vepacitti, lord of demons, said to Sakka, lord of gods: |
‘hotu, devānaminda, subhāsitena jayo’ti. |
‘Lord of gods, let there be victory by fine words!’ |
‘Hotu, vepacitti, subhāsitena jayo’ti. |
‘Vepacitti, let there be victory by fine words!’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, devā ca asurā ca pārisajje ṭhapesuṃ: |
Then the gods and the demons appointed a panel of judges, saying: |
‘ime no subhāsitadubbhāsitaṃ ājānissantī’ti. |
‘These will understand our good and bad statements.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Vepacitti, lord of demons, said to Sakka, lord of gods: |
‘bhaṇa, devānaminda, gāthan’ti. |
‘Lord of gods, recite a verse!’ |
Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vepacittiṃ asurindaṃ etadavoca: |
When he said this, Sakka said to him: |
‘tumhe khvettha, vepacitti, pubbadevā. |
‘Vepacitti, you are the elder god here. |
Bhaṇa, vepacitti, gāthan’ti. |
Recite a verse.’ |
Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi: |
So Vepacitti recited this verse: |
‘Bhiyyo bālā pabhijjeyyuṃ, |
‘Fools would vent even more |
no cassa paṭisedhako; |
if there’s no-one to put a stop to them. |
Tasmā bhusena daṇḍena, |
So an intelligent person should stop |
dhīro bālaṃ nisedhaye’ti. |
a fool with forceful punishment.’ |
Bhāsitāya kho pana, bhikkhave, vepacittinā asurindena gāthāya asurā anumodiṃsu, devā tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
The demons applauded Vepacitti’s verse, while the gods remained silent. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Vepacitti said to Sakka: |
‘bhaṇa, devānaminda, gāthan’ti. |
‘Lord of gods, recite a verse!’ |
Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi: |
So Sakka recited this verse: |
‘Etadeva ahaṃ maññe, |
‘I think that this is the only way |
bālassa paṭisedhanaṃ; |
to put a stop to a fool: |
Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā, |
when you know that the other is upset, |
yo sato upasammatī’ti. |
be rememberful and stay calm.’ |
Bhāsitāya kho pana, bhikkhave, sakkena devānamindena gāthāya, devā anumodiṃsu, asurā tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
The gods applauded Sakka’s verse, while the demons remained silent. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vepacittiṃ asurindaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Sakka said to Vepacitti: |
‘bhaṇa, vepacitti, gāthan’ti. |
‘Vepacitti, recite a verse!’ |
Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi: |
So Vepacitti recited this verse: |
‘Etadeva titikkhāya, |
‘I see this flaw, Vāsava, |
vajjaṃ passāmi vāsava; |
in just being patient. |
Yadā naṃ maññati bālo, |
When a fool thinks: |
bhayā myāyaṃ titikkhati; |
“He puts up with me out of fear,” |
Ajjhāruhati dummedho, |
the idiot will go after you even harder, |
gova bhiyyo palāyinan’ti. |
like a cow chasing someone who runs away.’ |
Bhāsitāya kho pana, bhikkhave, vepacittinā asurindena gāthāya asurā anumodiṃsu, devā tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
The demons applauded Vepacitti’s verse, while the gods remained silent. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Vepacitti said to Sakka: |
‘bhaṇa, devānaminda, gāthan’ti. |
‘Lord of gods, recite a verse!’ |
Evaṃ vutte, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo imā gāthāyo abhāsi: |
So Sakka recited this verse: |
‘Kāmaṃ maññatu vā mā vā, |
‘Let him think this if he wishes, or not— |
bhayā myāyaṃ titikkhati; |
“He puts up with me out of fear.” |
Sadatthaparamā atthā, |
Of goals culminating in one’s own good, |
khantyā bhiyyo na vijjati. |
none better than patience is found. |
Yo have balavā santo, |
When a strong person |
dubbalassa titikkhati; |
puts up with a weakling, |
Tamāhu paramaṃ khantiṃ, |
they call that the ultimate patience, |
niccaṃ khamati dubbalo. |
for a weakling must always be patient. |
Abalaṃ taṃ balaṃ āhu, |
The strength of folly |
yassa bālabalaṃ balaṃ; |
is really just weakness, they say. |
Balassa dhammaguttassa, |
But no-one can challenge a person |
paṭivattā na vijjati. |
who’s strong because guarded by The Dharma. |
Tasseva tena pāpiyo, |
When you get angry at an angry person |
yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati; |
you just make things worse for yourself. |
Kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto, |
When you don’t get angry at an angry person |
saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjayaṃ. |
you win a battle hard to win. |
Ubhinnamatthaṃ carati, |
When you know that the other is angry, |
attano ca parassa ca; |
you act for the good of both |
Paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā, |
yourself and the other |
yo sato upasammati. |
if you’re rememberful and stay calm. |
Ubhinnaṃ tikicchantānaṃ, |
People unfamiliar with The Dharma |
attano ca parassa ca; |
consider one who heals both |
Janā maññanti bāloti, |
oneself and the other |
ye dhammassa akovidā’ti. |
to be a fool.’ |
Bhāsitāsu kho pana, bhikkhave, sakkena devānamindena gāthāsu, devā anumodiṃsu, asurā tuṇhī ahesuṃ. |
The gods applauded Sakka’s verses, while the demons remained silent. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, devānañca asurānañca pārisajjā etadavocuṃ: |
Then the panel of judges consisting of both gods and demons said this: |
‘bhāsitā kho vepacittinā asurindena gāthāyo. |
‘The verses spoken by Vepacitti |
Tā ca kho sadaṇḍāvacarā sasatthāvacarā, iti bhaṇḍanaṃ iti viggaho iti kalaho. |
evoke punishment and violence. That’s how you get arguments, quarrels, and disputes. |
Bhāsitā kho sakkena devānamindena gāthāyo. |
The verses spoken by Sakka |
Tā ca kho adaṇḍāvacarā asatthāvacarā, iti abhaṇḍanaṃ iti aviggaho iti akalaho. |
don’t evoke punishment and violence. That’s how you stay free of arguments, quarrels, and disputes. |
Sakkassa devānamindassa subhāsitena jayo’ti. |
Sakka, lord of gods, wins victory by fine words!’ |
Iti kho, bhikkhave, sakkassa devānamindassa subhāsitena jayo ahosī”ti. |
And that’s how Sakka came to win victory by fine words.” |
6. Kulāvakasutta |
6. Bird Nests |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. |
“Once upon a time, monks, a battle was fought between the gods and the demons. |
Tasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, saṅgāme asurā jiniṃsu, devā parājiniṃsu. |
In that battle the demons won and the gods lost. |
Parājitā ca kho, bhikkhave, devā apāyaṃsveva uttarenamukhā, abhiyaṃsveva ne asurā. |
Defeated, the gods fled north with the demons in pursuit. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātali saṅgāhakaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, addressed his charioteer Mātali in verse: |
‘Kulāvakā mātali simbalismiṃ, |
‘Mātali, don’t ram the bird nests |
Īsāmukhena parivajjayassu; |
in the red silk-cotton woods with your chariot pole. |
Kāmaṃ cajāma asuresu pāṇaṃ, |
I’d rather give up our lives to the demons |
Māyime dijā vikulāvakā ahesun’ti. |
than deprive these birds of their nests.’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ paccudāvattesi. |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Mātali. And he turned the chariot back around, with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, asurānaṃ etadahosi: |
Then the demons thought: |
‘paccudāvatto kho dāni sakkassa devānamindassa sahassayutto ājaññaratho. |
‘Now Sakka’s chariot has turned back. |
Dutiyampi kho devā asurehi saṅgāmessantī’ti bhītā asurapurameva pāvisiṃsu. |
The demons will have to fight the gods a second time!’ Terrified, they retreated right away to the castle of the demons. |
Iti kho, bhikkhave, sakkassa devānamindassa dhammena jayo ahosī”ti. |
And that’s how Sakka came to win victory by dharma.” |
7. Nadubbhiyasutta |
7. Not Betray |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakkassa devānamindassa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: |
“Once upon a time, monks, as Sakka, lord of gods, was in private retreat this thought came to his mind: |
‘yopi me assa supaccatthiko tassapāhaṃ na dubbheyyan’ti. |
‘I should never betray even a sworn enemy.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo sakkassa devānamindassa cetasā cetoparivitakkamaññāya yena sakko devānamindo tenupasaṅkami. |
And then Vepacitti, lord of demons, knowing what Sakka was thinking, approached him. |
Addasā kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vepacittiṃ asurindaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. |
Sakka saw Vepacitti coming off in the distance, |
Disvāna vepacittiṃ asurindaṃ etadavoca: |
and said to him: |
‘tiṭṭha, vepacitti, gahitosī’ti. |
‘Stop, Vepacitti, you’re caught!’ |
‘Yadeva te, mārisa, pubbe cittaṃ, tadeva tvaṃ mā pajahāsī’ti. |
‘Dear sir, don’t give up the idea you just had!’ |
‘Sapassu ca me, vepacitti, adubbhāyā’ti. |
‘Swear, Vepacitti, that you won’t betray me.’ |
‘Yaṃ musā bhaṇato pāpaṃ, |
‘Whatever bad things happen to a liar, |
Yaṃ pāpaṃ ariyūpavādino; |
or to someone who slanders the noble ones, |
Mittadduno ca yaṃ pāpaṃ, |
or to someone who betrays a friend, |
Yaṃ pāpaṃ akataññuno; |
or to someone who’s ungrateful: |
Tameva pāpaṃ phusatu, |
the same bad things impact |
Yo te dubbhe sujampatī’”ti. |
anyone who betrays you, Sujā’s husband.’” |
8. Verocanaasurindasutta |
8. Verocana, Lord of Demons |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno. |
Now at that time the Buddha had retreated to solitude for the day’s meditation. |
Atha kho sakko ca devānamindo verocano ca asurindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṃ dvārabāhaṃ nissāya aṭṭhaṃsu. |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, and Verocana, lord of demons, approached the Buddha and stationed themselves one by each door-post. |
Atha kho verocano asurindo bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi: |
Then Verocana recited this verse in the Buddha’s presence: |
“Vāyametheva puriso, |
“A man should make an effort |
yāva atthassa nipphadā; |
until his goal is accomplished. |
Nipphannasobhano attho, |
When goals are accomplished they shine: |
verocanavaco idan”ti. |
this is the word of Verocana!” |
“Vāyametheva puriso, |
“A man should make an effort |
yāva atthassa nipphadā; |
until his goal is accomplished. |
Nipphannasobhano attho, |
Of goals that shine when accomplished, |
khantyā bhiyyo na vijjatī”ti. |
none better than patience is found.” |
“Sabbe sattā atthajātā, |
“All beings are goal-orientated, |
tattha tattha yathārahaṃ; |
as befits them in each case. |
Saṃyogaparamā tveva, |
But connection is the ultimate |
sambhogā sabbapāṇinaṃ; |
of pleasures for all living creatures. |
Nipphannasobhano attho, |
When goals are accomplished they shine: |
verocanavaco idan”ti. |
this is the word of Verocana!” |
“Sabbe sattā atthajātā, |
“All beings are goal-orientated, |
tattha tattha yathārahaṃ; |
as befits them in each case. |
Saṃyogaparamā tveva, |
But connection is the ultimate |
sambhogā sabbapāṇinaṃ; |
of pleasures for all living creatures. |
Nipphannasobhano attho, |
Of goals that shine when accomplished, |
khantyā bhiyyo na vijjatī”ti. |
none better than patience is found.” |
9. Araññāyatanaisisutta |
9. Hermits in the Wilderness |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sambahulā isayo sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā araññāyatane paṇṇakuṭīsu sammanti. |
“Once upon a time, monks, several hermits who were ethical, of good character, settled in leaf huts in a wilderness region. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko ca devānamindo vepacitti ca asurindo yena te isayo sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, and Vepacitti, lord of demons, went to those hermits. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo paṭaliyo upāhanā ārohitvā khaggaṃ olaggetvā chattena dhāriyamānena aggadvārena assamaṃ pavisitvā te isayo sīlavante kalyāṇadhamme apabyāmato karitvā atikkami. |
Then Vepacitti put on his boots, strapped on his sword, and, carrying a sunshade, entered the hermitage through the main gate. He walked right past those hermits, keeping them at a distance. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo paṭaliyo upāhanā orohitvā khaggaṃ aññesaṃ datvā chattaṃ apanāmetvā dvāreneva assamaṃ pavisitvā te isayo sīlavante kalyāṇadhamme anuvātaṃ pañjaliko namassamāno aṭṭhāsi. |
Then Sakka took off his boots, gave his sword to others, and, putting down his sunshade, entered the hermitage through a gate he happened upon. He stood downwind of those hermits, revering them with joined palms. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, te isayo sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsiṃsu: |
Then those hermits addressed Sakka in verse: |
‘Gandho isīnaṃ ciradikkhitānaṃ, |
‘When hermits have been long ordained, |
Kāyā cuto gacchati mālutena; |
the odor of their bodies goes with the wind. |
Ito paṭikkamma sahassanetta, |
You’d better leave, O thousand-eyed! |
Gandho isīnaṃ asuci devarājā’ti. |
The odor of the hermits is unclean, king of gods.’ |
‘Gandho isīnaṃ ciradikkhitānaṃ, |
‘When hermits have been long ordained, |
Kāyā cuto gacchatu mālutena; |
let the odor of their bodies go with the wind. |
Sucitrapupphaṃ sirasmiṃva mālaṃ, |
We yearn for this odor, sirs, |
Gandhaṃ etaṃ paṭikaṅkhāma bhante; |
like a colorful crown of flowers. |
Na hettha devā paṭikūlasaññino’”ti. |
The gods don’t see it as repulsive.’” |
10. Samuddakasutta |
10. Hermits by the Ocean |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sambahulā isayo sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā samuddatīre paṇṇakuṭīsu sammanti. |
“Once upon a time, monks, several hermits who were ethical, of good character, settled in leaf huts by the ocean. |
Tena kho pana samayena devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. |
Now at that time a battle was fought between the gods and the demons. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, tesaṃ isīnaṃ sīlavantānaṃ kalyāṇadhammānaṃ etadahosi: |
Then the hermits thought: |
‘dhammikā kho devā, adhammikā asurā. |
‘The gods are Dharmic, the demons are non-Dharmic. |
Siyāpi no asurato bhayaṃ. |
We may be at risk from the demons. |
Yannūna mayaṃ sambaraṃ asurindaṃ upasaṅkamitvā abhayadakkhiṇaṃ yāceyyāmā’ti. |
Why don’t we approach Sambara, lord of demons, and beg him for a pledge of safety.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, te isayo sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā—seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva—samuddatīre paṇṇakuṭīsu antarahitā sambarassa asurindassa sammukhe pāturahesuṃ. |
Then, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, those hermits vanished from those leaf huts by the ocean and reappeared in Sambara’s presence. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, te isayo sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā sambaraṃ asurindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsiṃsu: |
Then those hermits addressed Sambara in verse: |
‘Isayo sambaraṃ pattā, |
‘The hermits have come to Sambara |
yācanti abhayadakkhiṇaṃ; |
to beg for a pledge of safety. |
Kāmaṅkaro hi te dātuṃ, |
For you can give them what you wish, |
bhayassa abhayassa vā’ti. |
whether danger or safety.’ |
‘Isīnaṃ abhayaṃ natthi, |
‘There is no safety for hermits, |
duṭṭhānaṃ sakkasevinaṃ; |
the hated associates of Sakka! |
Abhayaṃ yācamānānaṃ, |
Though you beg me for your safety, |
bhayameva dadāmi vo’ti. |
I’ll only give you fear!’ |
‘Abhayaṃ yācamānānaṃ, |
‘Though we beg you for our safety, |
bhayameva dadāsi no; |
you give us only fear. |
Paṭiggaṇhāma te etaṃ, |
This is what we get from you: |
akkhayaṃ hotu te bhayaṃ. |
may endless peril come to you! |
Yādisaṃ vapate bījaṃ, |
Whatever kind of seed you sow, |
tādisaṃ harate phalaṃ; |
that is the fruit you reap. |
Kalyāṇakārī kalyāṇaṃ, |
A doer of good gets good, |
pāpakārī ca pāpakaṃ; |
a doer of bad gets bad. |
Pavuttaṃ tāta te bījaṃ, |
You have sown your own seed, friend, |
phalaṃ paccanubhossasī’ti. |
now you’ll experience the fruit.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, te isayo sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā sambaraṃ asurindaṃ abhisapitvā—seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva—sambarassa asurindassa sammukhe antarahitā samuddatīre paṇṇakuṭīsu pāturahesuṃ. |
Then those hermits, having cursed Sambara, as easily as a strong person would extend or contract their arm, vanished from Sambara’s presence and reappeared in those leaf huts by the ocean. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sambaro asurindo tehi isīhi sīlavantehi kalyāṇadhammehi abhisapito rattiyā sudaṃ tikkhattuṃ ubbijjī”ti. |
But after being cursed by the hermits, Sambara woke in alarm three times that night.” |
2. Dutiyavagga |
2. The Second Chapter |
11. Vatapadasutta |
11. Vows |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
“Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā. |
“monks, in a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he undertook seven vows. And it was because of undertaking these that he achieved the status of Sakka. |
Katamāni satta vatapadāni? |
What seven? |
Yāvajīvaṃ mātāpettibharo assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I support my parents. |
yāvajīvaṃ kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I honor the elders in the family. |
yāvajīvaṃ saṇhavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I speak gently. |
yāvajīvaṃ apisuṇavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I not speak divisively. |
yāvajīvaṃ vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvaseyyaṃ muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato, |
As long as I live, may I live at home rid of the stain of stinginess, freely generous, open-handed, loving to let go, committed to charity, loving to give and to share. |
yāvajīvaṃ saccavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I speak the truth. |
yāvajīvaṃ akkodhano assaṃ—sacepi me kodho uppajjeyya, khippameva naṃ paṭivineyyanti. |
As long as I live, may I be free of anger, or should anger arise, may I quickly get rid of it. |
Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa imāni satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagāti. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he undertook seven vows. And it was because of undertaking these that he achieved the status of Sakka. |
Mātāpettibharaṃ jantuṃ, |
A person who respects their parents, |
kule jeṭṭhāpacāyinaṃ; |
and honors the elders in the family, |
Saṇhaṃ sakhilasambhāsaṃ, |
whose speech is gentle and courteous, |
pesuṇeyyappahāyinaṃ. |
and has given up divisiveness; |
Maccheravinaye yuttaṃ, |
who’s committed to getting rid of stinginess, |
saccaṃ kodhābhibhuṃ naraṃ; |
is truthful, and has mastered anger: |
Taṃ ve devā tāvatiṃsā, |
the gods of the Thirty-Three |
āhu sappuriso itī”ti. |
call them truly a good person.” |
12. Sakkanāmasutta |
12. Sakka’s Names |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū etadavoca: |
There the Buddha said to the monks: |
“sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno magho nāma māṇavo ahosi, tasmā maghavāti vuccati. |
“monks, in a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he was a brahmanical student named Magha. That’s why he’s called Maghavā. |
Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno pure dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā purindadoti vuccati. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he gave gifts in stronghold after stronghold. That’s why he’s called Purindada, the Stronghold-Giver. |
Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā sakkoti vuccati. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he gave gifts carefully. That’s why he’s called Sakka, the Careful. |
Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno āvasathaṃ adāsi, tasmā vāsavoti vuccati. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he gave the gift of a guest house. That’s why he’s called Vāsava, the Houser. |
Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo sahassampi atthānaṃ muhuttena cinteti, tasmā sahassakkhoti vuccati. |
Sakka thinks of a thousand things in a moment. That’s why he’s called Sahassakkha, the Thousand-Eye. |
Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa sujā nāma asurakaññā pajāpati, tasmā sujampatīti vuccati. |
Sakka’s wife is the demon maiden named Sujā. That’s why he’s called Sujampati, Sujā’s Husband. |
Sakko, bhikkhave, devānamindo devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreti, tasmā devānamindoti vuccati. |
Sakka rules as sovereign lord over the gods of the Thirty-Three. That’s why he’s called lord of gods. |
Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he undertook seven vows. And it was because of undertaking these that he achieved the status of Sakka. |
Katamāni satta vatapadāni? |
What seven? |
Yāvajīvaṃ mātāpettibharo assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I support my parents. |
yāvajīvaṃ kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I honor the elders in the family. |
yāvajīvaṃ saṇhavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I speak gently. |
yāvajīvaṃ apisuṇavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I not speak divisively. |
yāvajīvaṃ vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvaseyyaṃ muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato, |
As long as I live, may I live at home rid of the stain of stinginess, freely generous, open-handed, loving to let go, committed to charity, loving to give and to share. |
yāvajīvaṃ saccavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I speak the truth. |
yāvajīvaṃ akkodhano assaṃ—sacepi me kodho uppajjeyya, khippameva naṃ paṭivineyyanti. |
As long as I live, may I be free of anger, or should anger arise, may I quickly get rid of it. |
Sakkassa, bhikkhave, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa imāni satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagāti. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he undertook seven vows. And it was because of undertaking these that he achieved the status of Sakka. |
Mātāpettibharaṃ jantuṃ, |
A person who respects their parents, |
kule jeṭṭhāpacāyinaṃ; |
and honors the elders in the family, |
Saṇhaṃ sakhilasambhāsaṃ, |
whose speech is gentle and courteous, |
pesuṇeyyappahāyinaṃ. |
and has given up divisiveness; |
Maccheravinaye yuttaṃ, |
who’s committed to getting rid of stinginess, |
saccaṃ kodhābhibhuṃ naraṃ; |
is truthful, and has mastered anger: |
Taṃ ve devā tāvatiṃsā, |
the gods of the Thirty-Three |
āhu sappuriso itī”ti. |
call them truly a good person.” |
13. Mahālisutta |
13. With Mahāli |
Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Vesālī, at the Great Wood, in the hall with the peaked roof. |
Atha kho mahāli licchavī yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho mahāli licchavī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
Then Mahāli the Licchavi went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: |
“Diṭṭho kho, bhante, bhagavatā sakko devānamindo”ti? |
“Sir, have you seen Sakka, lord of gods?” |
“Diṭṭho kho me, mahāli, sakko devānamindo”ti. |
“I have, Mahāli.” |
“So hi nūna, bhante, sakkapatirūpako bhavissati. |
“But surely, sir, you must have seen someone who looked like Sakka. |
Duddaso hi, bhante, sakko devānamindo”ti. |
For Sakka is hard to see.” |
“Sakkañca khvāhaṃ, mahāli, pajānāmi sakkakaraṇe ca dhamme, yesaṃ dhammānaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā, tañca pajānāmi. |
“Mahāli, I understand Sakka. And I understand the things that he undertook and committed to, which enabled him to achieve the status of Sakka. |
Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno magho nāma māṇavo ahosi, tasmā maghavāti vuccati. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he was a brahmanical student named Magha. That’s why he’s called Maghavā. |
Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā sakkoti vuccati. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he gave gifts carefully. That’s why he’s called Sakka, the careful. |
Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno pure dānaṃ adāsi, tasmā purindadoti vuccati. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he gave gifts in stronghold after stronghold. That’s why he’s called Purindada, the stronghold-giver. |
Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo pubbe manussabhūto samāno āvasathaṃ adāsi, tasmā vāsavoti vuccati. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he gave the gift of a guest house. That’s why he’s called Vāsava, the houser. |
Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo sahassampi atthānaṃ muhuttena cinteti, tasmā sahassakkhoti vuccati. |
Sakka thinks of a thousand things in a moment. That’s why he’s called Sahassakkha, Thousand-Eye. |
Sakkassa, mahāli, devānamindassa sujā nāma asurakaññā pajāpati, tasmā sujampatīti vuccati. |
Sakka’s wife is the demon maiden named Sujā. That’s why he’s called Sujampati, Sujā’s husband. |
Sakko, mahāli, devānamindo devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreti, tasmā devānamindoti vuccati. |
Sakka rules as sovereign lord over the gods of the Thirty-Three. That’s why he’s called lord of gods. |
Sakkassa, mahāli, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagā. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he undertook seven vows. And it was because of undertaking these that he achieved the status of Sakka. |
Katamāni satta vatapadāni? |
What seven? |
Yāvajīvaṃ mātāpettibharo assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I support my parents. |
yāvajīvaṃ kule jeṭṭhāpacāyī assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I honor the elders in the family. |
yāvajīvaṃ saṇhavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I speak gently. |
yāvajīvaṃ apisuṇavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I not speak divisively. |
yāvajīvaṃ vigatamalamaccherena cetasā agāraṃ ajjhāvaseyyaṃ muttacāgo payatapāṇi vossaggarato yācayogo dānasaṃvibhāgarato, |
As long as I live, may I live at home rid of the stain of stinginess, freely generous, open-handed, loving to let go, committed to charity, loving to give and to share. |
yāvajīvaṃ saccavāco assaṃ, |
As long as I live, may I speak the truth. |
yāvajīvaṃ akkodhano assaṃ—sacepi me kodho uppajjeyya, khippameva naṃ paṭivineyyanti. |
As long as I live, may I be free of anger, or should anger arise, may I quickly get rid of it. |
Sakkassa, mahāli, devānamindassa pubbe manussabhūtassa imāni satta vatapadāni samattāni samādinnāni ahesuṃ, yesaṃ samādinnattā sakko sakkattaṃ ajjhagāti. |
In a former life, when Sakka was a human being, he undertook seven vows. And it was because of undertaking these that he achieved the status of Sakka. |
Mātāpettibharaṃ jantuṃ, |
A person who respects their parents, |
kule jeṭṭhāpacāyinaṃ; |
and honors the elders in the family, |
Saṇhaṃ sakhilasambhāsaṃ, |
whose speech is gentle and courteous, |
pesuṇeyyappahāyinaṃ. |
and has given up divisiveness; |
Maccheravinaye yuttaṃ, |
who’s committed to getting rid of stinginess, |
saccaṃ kodhābhibhuṃ naraṃ; |
is truthful, and has mastered anger: |
Taṃ ve devā tāvatiṃsā, |
the gods of the Thirty-Three |
āhu sappuriso itī”ti. |
call them truly a good person.” |
14. Daliddasutta |
14. Poor |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrels’ feeding ground. |
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There the Buddha addressed the monks: |
“bhikkhavo”ti. |
“monks!” |
“Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. |
“Venerable sir,” they replied. |
Bhagavā etadavoca: |
The Buddha said this: |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso imasmiṃyeva rājagahe manussadaliddo ahosi manussakapaṇo manussavarāko. |
“Once upon a time, monks, there was a poor person, impoverished and pitiful. |
So tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyi, sīlaṃ samādiyi, sutaṃ samādiyi, cāgaṃ samādiyi, paññaṃ samādiyi. |
They took up faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom in The Dharma and training proclaimed by the Realized One. |
So tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyitvā sīlaṃ samādiyitvā sutaṃ samādiyitvā cāgaṃ samādiyitvā paññaṃ samādiyitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajji devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. |
After undertaking these things, when their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm, in the company of the gods of the Thirty-Three. |
So aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā ca. |
There they outshone the other gods in beauty and glory. |
Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: |
But the gods of the Thirty-Three complained, grumbled, and objected: |
‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho. |
‘It’s incredible, it’s amazing! |
Ayañhi devaputto pubbe manussabhūto samāno manussadaliddo ahosi manussakapaṇo manussavarāko; |
For when this god was a human being in their past life they were poor, impoverished, and pitiful. |
so kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. |
And when their body broke up, after death, they were reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm, in the company of the gods of the Thirty-Three. |
So aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā cā’ti. |
Here they outshine the other gods in beauty and glory.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo deve tāvatiṃse āmantesi: |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, addressed the gods of the Thirty-Three: |
‘mā kho tumhe, mārisā, etassa devaputtassa ujjhāyittha. |
‘Good sirs, don’t complain about this god. |
Eso kho, mārisā, devaputto pubbe manussabhūto samāno tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyi, sīlaṃ samādiyi, sutaṃ samādiyi, cāgaṃ samādiyi, paññaṃ samādiyi. |
When this god was a human being in their past life they took up faith, ethics, learning, generosity, and wisdom in The Dharma and training proclaimed by the Realized One. |
So tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye saddhaṃ samādiyitvā sīlaṃ samādiyitvā sutaṃ samādiyitvā cāgaṃ samādiyitvā paññaṃ samādiyitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. |
After undertaking these things, when their body broke up, after death, they’ve been reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm, in the company of the gods of the Thirty-Three. |
So aññe deve atirocati vaṇṇena ceva yasasā cā’ti. |
Here they outshine the other gods in beauty and glory.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo deve tāvatiṃse anunayamāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imā gāthāyo abhāsi: |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, guiding the gods of the Thirty-Three, recited this verse: |
‘Yassa saddhā tathāgate, |
‘Whoever has faith in the Realized One, |
acalā suppatiṭṭhitā; |
unwavering and well established; |
Sīlañca yassa kalyāṇaṃ, |
whose ethical conduct is good, |
ariyakantaṃ pasaṃsitaṃ. |
praised and loved by the noble ones; |
Saṅghe pasādo yassatthi, |
who has confidence in the Saṅgha, |
ujubhūtañca dassanaṃ; |
and correct view: |
Adaliddoti taṃ āhu, |
they’re said to be prosperous, |
amoghaṃ tassa jīvitaṃ. |
their life is not in vain. |
Tasmā saddhañca sīlañca, |
So let the wise devote themselves |
pasādaṃ dhammadassanaṃ; |
to faith, ethical behaviour, |
Anuyuñjetha medhāvī, |
confidence, and insight into The Dharma, |
saraṃ buddhāna sāsanan’”ti. |
remembering the instructions of the Buddhas.’” |
15. Rāmaṇeyyakasutta |
15. Delightful |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
Atha kho sakko devānamindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
And then Sakka, lord of gods, went up to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, and said to him: |
“kiṃ nu kho, bhante, bhūmirāmaṇeyyakan”ti? |
“Sir, what is a delightful place?” |
“Ārāmacetyā vanacetyā, |
“Shrines in parks and forests, |
pokkharañño sunimmitā; |
well-made lotus ponds, |
Manussarāmaṇeyyassa, |
are not worth a sixteenth part |
kalaṃ nāgghanti soḷasiṃ. |
of a delightful human being. |
Gāme vā yadi vāraññe, |
Whether in village or wilderness, |
Ninne vā yadi vā thale; |
in a valley or the uplands, |
Yattha arahanto viharanti, |
wherever the perfected ones live |
Taṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakan”ti. |
is a delightful place.” |
16. Yajamānasutta |
16. Sponsoring Sacrifice |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, on the Vulture’s Peak Mountain. |
Atha kho sakko devānamindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. |
And then Sakka, lord of gods, went up to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, |
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
and said to him: |
“Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, |
“For humans, those merit-seeking creatures, |
puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ; |
who sponsor sacrifices, |
Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, |
making merit with attachments, |
kattha dinnaṃ mahapphalan”ti. |
where is a gift very fruitful?” |
“Cattāro ca paṭipannā, |
“Four practicing the path, |
cattāro ca phale ṭhitā; |
and four established in the fruit. |
Esa saṅgho ujubhūto, |
This is the upright Saṅgha, |
paññāsīlasamāhito. |
with wisdom, ethics, and undistractible-lucidity. |
Yajamānānaṃ manussānaṃ, |
For humans, those merit-seeking creatures, |
Puññapekkhāna pāṇinaṃ; |
who sponsor sacrifices, |
Karotaṃ opadhikaṃ puññaṃ, |
making merit with attachments, |
Saṅghe dinnaṃ mahapphalan”ti. |
what is given to the Saṅgha is very fruitful.” |
17. Buddhavandanāsutta |
17. Homage to the Buddha |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā divāvihāragato hoti paṭisallīno. |
Now at that time the Buddha had retreated to solitude for the day’s meditation. |
Atha kho sakko ca devānamindo brahmā ca sahampati yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā paccekaṃ dvārabāhaṃ nissāya aṭṭhaṃsu. |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, and Brahmā Sahampati approached the Buddha and stationed themselves one by each door-post. |
Atha kho sakko devānamindo bhagavato santike imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi: |
Then Sakka recited this verse in the Buddha’s presence: |
“Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma, |
“Rise, hero! Victor in battle, with burden put down, |
Pannabhāra anaṇa vicara loke; |
wander the world without obligation. |
Cittañca te suvimuttaṃ, |
Your mind is fully liberated, |
Cando yathā pannarasāya rattin”ti. |
like the moon on the fifteenth night.” |
“Na kho, devānaminda, tathāgatā evaṃ vanditabbā. |
“Lord of gods, that’s not how to pay homage to the Realized Ones. |
Evañca kho, devānaminda, tathāgatā vanditabbā: |
This is how it should be done: |
‘Uṭṭhehi vīra vijitasaṅgāma, |
‘Rise, hero! Victor in battle, leader of the caravan, |
Satthavāha anaṇa vicara loke; |
wander the world without obligation. |
Desassu bhagavā dhammaṃ, |
Let the Blessed One teach the Dhamma! |
Aññātāro bhavissantī’”ti. |
There will be those who understand!’” |
18. Gahaṭṭhavandanāsutta |
18. Who Sakka Worships |
Sāvatthiyaṃ. |
At Sāvatthī. |
Tatra … pe … etadavoca: |
|
“bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātaliṃ saṅgāhakaṃ āmantesi: |
“Once upon a time, monks, Sakka, lord of gods, addressed his charioteer Mātali: |
‘yojehi, samma mātali, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ. Uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmiṃ dassanāyā’ti. |
‘My dear Mātali, harness the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds. We will go to a park and see the nice scenery.’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ yojetvā sakkassa devānamindassa paṭivedesi: |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Mātali. He harnessed the chariot and informed Sakka: |
‘yutto kho te, mārisa, sahassayutto ājaññaratho. |
‘Good sir, the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds has been harnessed. |
Yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’ti. |
Please go at your convenience.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vejayantapāsādā orohanto añjaliṃ katvā sudaṃ puthuddisā namassati. |
Then Sakka descended from the Palace of Victory, raised his joined palms, and revered the different quarters. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
So Mātali the charioteer addressed Sakka in verse: |
‘Taṃ namassanti tevijjā, |
‘Those expert in the three Vedas worship you, |
sabbe bhummā ca khattiyā; |
as do all the warrior-nobles on earth, |
Cattāro ca mahārājā, |
the Four Great Kings, |
tidasā ca yasassino; |
and the glorious Thirty. |
Atha ko nāma so yakkho, |
So what’s the name of the spirit |
yaṃ tvaṃ sakka namassasī’ti. |
that you worship, Sakka?’ |
‘Maṃ namassanti tevijjā, |
‘Those expert in the three Vedas worship me, |
sabbe bhummā ca khattiyā; |
as do all the warrior-nobles on earth, |
Cattāro ca mahārājā, |
the Four Great Kings, |
tidasā ca yasassino. |
and the glorious Thirty. |
Ahañca sīlasampanne, |
But I revere those accomplished in ethics, |
cirarattasamāhite; |
who have long trained in undistractible-lucidity, |
Sammāpabbajite vande, |
who have rightly gone forth |
brahmacariyaparāyane. |
to complete the spiritual life. |
Ye gahaṭṭhā puññakarā, |
I also worship those householders, |
sīlavanto upāsakā; |
the ethical lay followers |
Dhammena dāraṃ posenti, |
who make merit, Mātali, |
te namassāmi mātalī’ti. |
supporting a partner in a Dharmic manner.’ |
‘Seṭṭhā hi kira lokasmiṃ, |
‘Those who you worship |
ye tvaṃ sakka namassasi; |
seem to be the best in the world, Sakka. |
Ahampi te namassāmi, |
I too will worship |
ye namassasi vāsavā’ti. |
those who you worship, Sakka.’ |
Idaṃ vatvāna maghavā, |
After saying this, Maghavā the chief, |
devarājā sujampati; |
king of gods, Sujā’s husband, |
Puthuddisā namassitvā, |
having worshipped the quarters |
pamukho rathamāruhī”ti. |
climbed into his chariot.” |
19. Satthāravandanāsutta |
19. Who Sakka Worships |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
“Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātaliṃ saṅgāhakaṃ āmantesi: |
“Once upon a time, monks, Sakka, lord of gods, addressed his charioteer Mātali: |
‘yojehi, samma mātali, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ, uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmiṃ dassanāyā’ti. |
‘My dear Mātali, harness the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds. We will go to a park and see the scenery.’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ yojetvā sakkassa devānamindassa paṭivedesi: |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Mātali. He harnessed the chariot and informed Sakka: |
‘yutto kho te, mārisa, sahassayutto ājaññaratho. |
‘Good sir, the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds has been harnessed. |
Yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’ti. |
Please go at your convenience.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vejayantapāsādā orohanto añjaliṃ katvā sudaṃ bhagavantaṃ namassati. |
Then Sakka descended from the Palace of Victory, raised his joined palms, and revered the Buddha. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
So Mātali the charioteer addressed Sakka in verse: |
‘Yañhi devā manussā ca, |
‘Gods and men |
taṃ namassanti vāsava; |
worship you, Vāsava. |
Atha ko nāma so yakkho, |
So what’s the name of the spirit |
yaṃ tvaṃ sakka namassasī’ti. |
that you worship, Sakka?’ |
‘Yo idha sammāsambuddho, |
‘It’s the fully awakened Buddha, |
asmiṃ loke sadevake; |
the Teacher of peerless name |
Anomanāmaṃ satthāraṃ, |
in this world with its gods— |
taṃ namassāmi mātali. |
that’s who I worship, Mātali. |
Yesaṃ rāgo ca doso ca, |
Those who have discarded |
avijjā ca virājitā; |
greed, hate, and ignorance, |
Khīṇāsavā arahanto, |
the perfected ones with defilements ended— |
te namassāmi mātali. |
they're who I worship, Mātali. |
Ye rāgadosavinayā, |
The trainees who take pleasure in decreasing suffering, |
avijjāsamatikkamā; |
assiduously pursuing the training |
Sekkhā apacayārāmā, |
for getting rid of greed and hate, |
appamattānusikkhare; |
and going past ignorance— |
Te namassāmi mātalī’ti. |
they’re who I worship, Mātali.’ |
‘Seṭṭhā hi kira lokasmiṃ, |
‘Those who you worship |
ye tvaṃ sakka namassasi; |
seem to be the best in the world, Sakka. |
Ahampi te namassāmi, |
I too will worship |
ye namassasi vāsavā’ti. |
those who you worship, Sakka.’ |
Idaṃ vatvāna maghavā, |
After saying this, Maghavā the chief, |
devarājā sujampati; |
king of gods, Sujā’s husband, |
Bhagavantaṃ namassitvā, |
having worshipped the Buddha, |
pamukho rathamāruhī”ti. |
climbed into his chariot.” |
20. Saṅghavandanāsutta |
20. Who Sakka Worships |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
Tatra kho … pe … etadavoca: |
|
“bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo mātaliṃ saṅgāhakaṃ āmantesi: |
“Once upon a time, monks, Sakka, lord of gods, addressed his charioteer Mātali: |
‘yojehi, samma mātali, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ, uyyānabhūmiṃ gacchāma subhūmiṃ dassanāyā’ti. |
‘My dear Mātali, harness the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds. We will go to a park and see the scenery.’ |
‘Evaṃ, bhaddantavā’ti kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkassa devānamindassa paṭissutvā, sahassayuttaṃ ājaññarathaṃ yojetvā sakkassa devānamindassa paṭivedesi: |
‘Yes, lord,’ replied Mātali. He harnessed the chariot and informed Sakka: |
‘yutto kho te, mārisa, sahassayutto ājaññaratho, |
‘Good sir, the chariot with its team of a thousand thoroughbreds has been harnessed. |
yassadāni kālaṃ maññasī’ti. |
Please go at your convenience.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo vejayantapāsādā orohanto añjaliṃ katvā sudaṃ bhikkhusaṃghaṃ namassati. |
Then Sakka descended from the Palace of Victory, raised his joined palms, and revered the monk Saṅgha. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, mātali saṅgāhako sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
So Mātali the charioteer addressed Sakka in verse: |
‘Tañhi ete namasseyyuṃ, |
‘It’s these who should worship you, |
pūtidehasayā narā; |
namely the humans stuck in their putrid bodies, |
Nimuggā kuṇapamhete, |
sunk in a corpse, |
khuppipāsasamappitā. |
struck down by hunger and thirst. |
Kiṃ nu tesaṃ pihayasi, |
Why then do you envy those |
anāgārāna vāsava; |
who are homeless, Vāsava? |
Ācāraṃ isinaṃ brūhi, |
Relate the hermits’ way of life, |
taṃ suṇoma vaco tavā’ti. |
let us hear what you have to say.’ |
‘Etaṃ tesaṃ pihayāmi, |
‘This is why I envy the |
anāgārāna mātali; |
homeless, Mātali. |
Yamhā gāmā pakkamanti, |
When they leave a village, |
anapekkhā vajanti te. |
they go without concern. |
Na tesaṃ koṭṭhe openti, |
They hoard no goods in storerooms, |
na kumbhi na kaḷopiyaṃ; |
nor in pots or baskets. |
Paraniṭṭhitamesānā, |
They seek food prepared by others, |
tena yāpenti subbatā. |
and, true to their vows, live on that. |
Sumantamantino dhīrā, |
The wise whose words are full of wisdom, |
tuṇhībhūtā samañcarā; |
live peacefully and quietly. |
Devā viruddhā asurehi, |
Gods fight with demons, |
puthu maccā ca mātali. |
and mortals fight each other, Mātali. |
Aviruddhā viruddhesu, |
Not fighting among those who fight, |
attadaṇḍesu nibbutā; |
they’re nirvana'd among those who’ve taken up arms. |
Sādānesu anādānā, |
Not grasping among those who grasp, |
te namassāmi mātalī’ti. |
they’re who I worship, Mātali.’ |
‘Seṭṭhā hi kira lokasmiṃ, |
‘Those who you worship |
ye tvaṃ sakka namassasi; |
seem to be the best in the world, Sakka. |
Ahampi te namassāmi, |
I too will worship |
ye namassasi vāsavā’”ti. |
those who you worship, Vāsava.’ |
Idaṃ vatvāna maghavā, |
After saying this, Maghavā the chief, |
devarājā sujampati; |
king of gods, Sujā’s husband, |
Bhikkhusaṅghaṃ namassitvā, |
having worshipped the monk Saṅgha, |
pamukho rathamāruhīti. |
climbed into his chariot.” |
3. Tatiyavagga |
3. The Third Chapter |
21. Chetvāsutta |
21. Incinerated |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
Atha kho sakko devānamindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. |
And then Sakka, lord of gods, went up to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, |
Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
and said to him: |
“Kiṃsu chetvā sukhaṃ seti, |
“When what is incinerated do you sleep at ease? |
kiṃsu chetvā na socati; |
When what is incinerated is there no sorrow? |
Kissassu ekadhammassa, |
What is the one thing |
vadhaṃ rocesi gotamā”ti. |
whose killing you approve?” |
“Kodhaṃ chetvā sukhaṃ seti, |
“When anger’s incinerated you sleep at ease. |
kodhaṃ chetvā na socati; |
When anger’s incinerated there is no sorrow. |
Kodhassa visamūlassa, |
O Vāsava, anger has a poisoned root |
madhuraggassa vāsava; |
and a honey tip. |
Vadhaṃ ariyā pasaṃsanti, |
The noble ones praise its killing, |
tañhi chetvā na socatī”ti. |
for when it’s incinerated there is no sorrow.” |
22. Dubbaṇṇiyasutta |
22. Ugly |
Sāvatthiyaṃ jetavane. |
Near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove. |
Tatra kho … pe … etadavoca: |
|
“bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, aññataro yakkho dubbaṇṇo okoṭimako sakkassa devānamindassa āsane nisinno ahosi. |
“Once upon a time, monks, there was a native spirit who was ugly and deformed. He sat on the throne of Sakka, lord of gods. |
Tatra sudaṃ, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: |
But the gods of the Thirty-Three complained, grumbled, and objected: |
‘acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho. |
‘It’s incredible, it’s amazing! |
Ayaṃ yakkho dubbaṇṇo okoṭimako sakkassa devānamindassa āsane nisinno’ti. |
This ugly and deformed spirit is sitting on the throne of Sakka, the lord of gods.’ |
Yathā yathā kho, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti tathā tathā so yakkho abhirūpataro ceva hoti dassanīyataro ca pāsādikataro ca. |
But the more the gods complained, the more attractive, good-looking, and lovely that spirit became. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, devā tāvatiṃsā yena sakko devānamindo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavocuṃ: |
So the gods went up to Sakka and told him what had happened, adding: |
‘idha te, mārisa, aññataro yakkho dubbaṇṇo okoṭimako sakkassa devānamindassa āsane nisinno. |
|
Tatra sudaṃ, mārisa, devā tāvatiṃsā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti: |
|
“acchariyaṃ vata bho, abbhutaṃ vata bho. |
|
Ayaṃ yakkho dubbaṇṇo okoṭimako sakkassa devānamindassa āsane nisinno”ti. |
|
Yathā yathā kho, mārisa, devā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti tathā tathā so yakkho abhirūpataro ceva hoti dassanīyataro ca pāsādikataro cāti. |
|
So hi nūna, mārisa, kodhabhakkho yakkho bhavissatī’ti. |
‘Surely, good sir, that must be the anger-eating spirit!’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo yena so kodhabhakkho yakkho tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā dakkhiṇajāṇumaṇḍalaṃ pathaviyaṃ nihantvā yena so kodhabhakkho yakkho tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā tikkhattuṃ nāmaṃ sāveti: |
Then Sakka went up to that spirit, arranged his robe over one shoulder, knelt with his right knee on the ground, raised his joined palms toward the anger-eating spirit, and pronounced his name three times: |
‘sakkohaṃ, mārisa, devānamindo, sakkohaṃ, mārisa, devānamindo’ti. |
‘Good sir, I am Sakka, lord of gods! Good sir, I am Sakka, the lord of gods!’ |
Yathā yathā kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo nāmaṃ sāvesi tathā tathā so yakkho dubbaṇṇataro ceva ahosi okoṭimakataro ca. |
But the more Sakka pronounced his name, the uglier and more deformed the spirit became. |
Dubbaṇṇataro ceva hutvā okoṭimakataro ca tatthevantaradhāyīti. |
Until eventually it vanished right there. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo sake āsane nisīditvā deve tāvatiṃse anunayamāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imā gāthāyo abhāsi: |
Then Sakka, lord of gods, guiding the gods of the Thirty-Three, recited this verse: |
‘Na sūpahatacittomhi, |
‘My mind isn’t easily upset; |
nāvattena suvānayo; |
I’m not easily drawn into the maelstrom. |
Na vo cirāhaṃ kujjhāmi, |
I don’t get angry for long, |
kodho mayi nāvatiṭṭhati. |
anger doesn’t last in me. |
Kuddhāhaṃ na pharusaṃ brūmi, |
When I do get angry I don’t speak harshly, |
Na ca dhammāni kittaye; |
nor do I advertise my own virtues. |
Sanniggaṇhāmi attānaṃ, |
I carefully restrain myself |
Sampassaṃ atthamattano’”ti. |
out of regard for my own welfare.’” |
23. Sambarimāyāsutta |
23. The Sambari Sorcery |
Sāvatthiyaṃ … pe … |
At Sāvatthī. |
bhagavā etadavoca: |
The Buddha said this: |
“bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo ābādhiko ahosi dukkhito bāḷhagilāno. |
“Once upon a time, monks, Vepacitti, lord of demons, was sick, suffering, gravely ill. |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo yena vepacitti asurindo tenupasaṅkami gilānapucchako. |
Then Sakka went to see him to ask after his illness. |
Addasā kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. |
Vepacitti saw Sakka coming off in the distance, |
Disvāna sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca: |
and said to him: |
‘tikiccha maṃ, devānamindā’ti. |
‘Heal me, lord of gods!’ |
‘Vācehi maṃ, vepacitti, sambarimāyan’ti. |
‘Teach me, Vepacitti, the Sambari sorcery.’ |
‘Na tāvāhaṃ vācemi, yāvāhaṃ, mārisa, asure paṭipucchāmī’ti. |
‘I can’t do that, good sir, until I have consulted with the demons.’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo asure paṭipucchi: |
Then Vepacitti, lord of demons, asked the demons: |
‘vācemahaṃ, mārisā, sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ sambarimāyan’ti? |
‘Good sirs, may I teach the Sambari sorcery to Sakka, lord of gods?’ |
‘Mā kho tvaṃ, mārisa, vācesi sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ sambarimāyan’ti. |
‘Do not, good sir, teach the Sambari sorcery to Sakka!’ |
Atha kho, bhikkhave, vepacitti asurindo sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi: |
So Vepacitti addressed Sakka in verse: |
‘Māyāvī maghavā sakka, |
‘O Maghavā, O Sakka, |
devarāja sujampati; |
king of gods, Sujā’s husband, |
Upeti nirayaṃ ghoraṃ, |
a sorceror falls into the terrible hell— |
sambarova sataṃ saman’”ti. |
like Sambara, for a hundred years.’” |
24. Accayasutta |
24. Transgression |
Sāvatthiyaṃ … pe … ārāme. |
At Sāvatthī. |
Tena kho pana samayena dve bhikkhū sampayojesuṃ. |
Now at that time two monks were overly attached, |
Tatreko bhikkhu accasarā. |
and one of them transgressed against the other. |
Atha kho so bhikkhu tassa bhikkhuno santike accayaṃ accayato deseti; |
The transgressor confessed to the other monk, |
so bhikkhu nappaṭiggaṇhāti. |
but they didn’t accept it. |
Atha kho sambahulā bhikkhū yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinnā kho te bhikkhū bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ: |
Then several monks went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and told him what had happened. |
“idha, bhante, dve bhikkhū sampayojesuṃ, tatreko bhikkhu accasarā. |
|
Atha kho so, bhante, bhikkhu tassa bhikkhuno santike accayaṃ accayato deseti, so bhikkhu nappaṭiggaṇhātī”ti. |
|
“Dveme, bhikkhave, bālā. |
“monks, there are two fools. |
Yo ca accayaṃ accayato na passati, yo ca accayaṃ desentassa yathādhammaṃ nappaṭiggaṇhāti— |
One who doesn’t recognize when they’ve made a mistake. And one who doesn’t properly accept the confession of someone who’s made a mistake. |
ime kho, bhikkhave, dve bālā. |
These are the two fools. |
Dveme, bhikkhave, paṇḍitā. |
There are two who are astute. |
Yo ca accayaṃ accayato passati, yo ca accayaṃ desentassa yathādhammaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti— |
One who recognizes when they’ve made a mistake. And one who properly accepts the confession of someone who’s made a mistake. |
ime kho, bhikkhave, dve paṇḍitā. |
These are the two who are astute. |
Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo sudhammāyaṃ sabhāyaṃ deve tāvatiṃse anunayamāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi: |
Once upon a time, monks, Sakka, lord of gods, guiding the gods of the Thirty-Three, recited this verse: |
‘Kodho vo vasamāyātu, |
‘Control your anger; |
Mā ca mittehi vo jarā; |
don’t let friendships decay. |
Agarahiyaṃ mā garahittha, |
Don’t blame the blameless, |
Mā ca bhāsittha pesuṇaṃ; |
and don’t say divisive things. |
Atha pāpajanaṃ kodho, |
For anger crushes bad people |
Pabbatovābhimaddatī’”ti. |
like a mountain.’” |
25. Akkodhasutta |
25. Don’t Be Angry |
Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū … pe … bhagavā etadavoca: |
There the Buddha addressed the monks: |
“bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, sakko devānamindo sudhammāyaṃ sabhāyaṃ deve tāvatiṃse anunayamāno tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ gāthaṃ abhāsi: |
“Once upon a time, monks, Sakka, lord of gods, guiding the gods of the Thirty-Three, recited this verse: |
‘Mā vo kodho ajjhabhavi, |
“Don’t let anger be your master, |
mā ca kujjhittha kujjhataṃ; |
don’t get angry at angry people. |
Akkodho avihiṃsā ca, |
Kindness and harmlessness |
ariyesu ca paṭipadā; |
are always present in the noble ones. |
Atha pāpajanaṃ kodho, |
For anger crushes bad people |
pabbatovābhimaddatī’”ti. |
like a mountain.’” |
Sakkasaṃyuttaṃ samattaṃ. |
The Linked Discourses with Sakka are complete. |
Sagāthāvaggasaṃyuttapāḷi niṭṭhitā. |
The Book With Verses is finished. |