| (derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) | |
Aṅguttara Nikāya 10 |
Numbered Discourses 10 |
7. Yamakavagga |
7. Pairs |
61. Avijjāsutta |
61. Ignorance |
“Purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati avijjāya: ‘ito pubbe avijjā nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’ti. |
“monks, it is said that no first point of ignorance is evident, before which there was no ignorance, and afterwards it came to be. |
Evañcetaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati, atha ca pana paññāyati: ‘idappaccayā avijjā’ti. |
And yet it is evident that there is a specific condition for ignorance. |
Avijjampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that ignorance is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro avijjāya? |
And what is the fuel for ignorance? |
‘Pañca nīvaraṇā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The five hindrances.’ |
Pañcapāhaṃ, bhikkhave, nīvaraṇe sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. |
I say that the five hindrances are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the five hindrances? |
‘Tīṇi duccaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The three kinds of misconduct.’ |
Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave, duccaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. |
I say that the three kinds of misconduct are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro tiṇṇaṃ duccaritānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the three kinds of misconduct? |
‘Indriyaasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Lack of sense restraint.’ |
Indriyaasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that lack of sense restraint is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro indriyaasaṃvarassa? |
And what is the fuel for lack of sense restraint? |
‘Asatāsampajaññan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning.’ |
Asatāsampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro asatāsampajaññassa? |
And what is the fuel for lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning? |
‘Ayonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Improper attention.’ |
Ayonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that improper attention is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro ayonisomanasikārassa? |
And what is the fuel for improper attention? |
‘Assaddhiyan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Lack of faith.’ |
Assaddhiyampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that lack of faith is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro assaddhiyassa? |
And what is the fuel for lack of faith? |
‘Asaddhammassavanan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Not listening to the true teaching.’ |
Asaddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that not listening to the true teaching is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro asaddhammassavanassa? |
And what is the fuel for not listening to the true teaching? |
‘Asappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Not associating with good people.’ |
Iti kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti; |
In this way, when the factor of not associating with good people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of not listening to the true teaching. When the factor of not listening to the true teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of lack of faith … improper attention … lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … lack of sense restraint … the three kinds of misconduct … the five hindrances. When the five hindrances are fulfilled, they fulfill ignorance. |
evametissā avijjāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for ignorance, and that’s how it’s fulfilled. |
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante () taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti. Kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ sāgaraṃ paripūrenti; |
It’s like when the rain pours down on a mountain top, and the water flows downhill to fill the hollows, crevices, and creeks. As they become full, they fill up the pools. The pools fill up the lakes, the lakes fill up the streams, and the streams fill up the rivers. And as the rivers become full, they fill up the ocean. |
evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for the ocean, and that’s how it’s filled up. |
Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, asaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti; |
In the same way, when the factor of not associating with good people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of not listening to the true teaching. When the factor of not listening to the true teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of lack of faith … improper attention … lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … lack of sense restraint …the three kinds of misconduct … the five hindrances. When the five hindrances are fulfilled, they fulfill ignorance. |
evametissā avijjāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for ignorance, and that’s how it’s fulfilled. |
Vijjāvimuttimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that knowledge and freedom are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro vijjāvimuttiyā? |
And what is the fuel for knowledge and freedom? |
‘Satta bojjhaṅgā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The seven awakening factors.’ |
Sattapāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅge sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. |
I say that the seven awakening factors are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the seven awakening factors? |
‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The four kinds of rememberfulness meditation.’ |
Cattāropāhaṃ, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhāne sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. |
I say that the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation? |
‘Tīṇi sucaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The three kinds of good conduct.’ |
Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sucaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. |
I say that the three kinds of good conduct are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro tiṇṇaṃ sucaritānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the three kinds of good conduct? |
‘Indriyasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Sense restraint.’ |
Indriyasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that sense restraint is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro indriyasaṃvarassa? |
And what is the fuel for sense restraint? |
‘Satisampajaññan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘rememberfulness and lucid-discerning.’ |
Satisampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that rememberfulness and lucid-discerning is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro satisampajaññassa? |
And what is the fuel for rememberfulness and lucid-discerning? |
‘Yonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Proper attention.’ |
Yonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that proper attention is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro yonisomanasikārassa? |
And what is the fuel for proper attention? |
‘Saddhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Faith.’ |
Saddhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that faith is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro saddhāya? |
And what is the fuel for faith? |
‘Saddhammassavanan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Listening to the true teaching.’ |
Saddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that listening to the true teaching is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro saddhammassavanassa? |
And what is the fuel for listening to the true teaching? |
‘Sappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Associating with good people.’ |
Iti kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, saddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ saddhaṃ paripūreti, saddhā paripūrā yonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, yonisomanasikāro paripūro satisampajaññaṃ paripūreti, satisampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi sucaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi sucaritāni paripūrāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paripūrā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti, satta bojjhaṅgā paripūrā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti; |
In this way, when the factor of associating with good people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of listening to the true teaching. When the factor of listening to the true teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of faith … proper attention … rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … sense restraint …the three kinds of good conduct … the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation … the seven awakening factors. When the seven awakening factors are fulfilled, they fulfill knowledge and freedom. |
evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for knowledge and freedom, and that’s how it’s fulfilled. |
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti, kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ sāgaraṃ paripūrenti; |
It’s like when it rains heavily on a mountain top, and the water flows downhill to fill the hollows, crevices, and creeks. As they become full, they fill up the pools. The pools fill up the lakes, the lakes fill up the streams, and the streams fill up the rivers. And as the rivers become full, they fill up the ocean. |
evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for the ocean, and that’s how it’s filled up. |
Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, saddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ saddhaṃ paripūreti, saddhā paripūrā yonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, yonisomanasikāro paripūro satisampajaññaṃ paripūreti, satisampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi sucaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi sucaritāni paripūrāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paripūrā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti, satta bojjhaṅgā paripūrā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti; |
In the same way, when the factor of associating with good people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of listening to the true teaching. When the factor of listening to the true teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of faith … proper attention … rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … sense restraint …the three kinds of good conduct … the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation … the seven awakening factors. When the seven awakening factors are fulfilled, they fulfill knowledge and freedom. |
evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūrī”ti. |
That’s the fuel for knowledge and freedom, and that’s how it’s fulfilled.” |
62. Taṇhāsutta |
62. Craving |
“Purimā, bhikkhave, koṭi na paññāyati bhavataṇhāya: ‘ito pubbe bhavataṇhā nāhosi, atha pacchā samabhavī’ti. |
“monks, it is said that no first point of craving for continued existence is evident, before which there was no craving for continued existence, and afterwards it came to be. |
Evañcetaṃ, bhikkhave, vuccati, atha ca pana paññāyati: ‘idappaccayā bhavataṇhā’ti. |
And yet it is evident that there is a specific condition for craving for continued existence. |
Bhavataṇhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that craving for continued existence is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro bhavataṇhāya? |
And what is the fuel for craving for continued existence? |
‘Avijjā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Ignorance.’ |
Avijjampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that ignorance is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro avijjāya? |
And what is the fuel for ignorance? |
‘Pañca nīvaraṇā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The five hindrances.’ |
Pañca nīvaraṇepāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. |
I say that the five hindrances are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro pañcannaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the five hindrances? |
‘Tīṇi duccaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The three kinds of misconduct.’ |
Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave, duccaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. |
I say that the three kinds of misconduct are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro tiṇṇannaṃ duccaritānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the three kinds of misconduct? |
‘Indriyaasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Lack of sense restraint.’ |
Indriyaasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that lack of sense restraint is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro indriyaasaṃvarassa? |
And what is the fuel for lack of sense restraint? |
‘Asatāsampajaññan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning.’ |
Asatāsampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro asatā sampajaññassa? |
And what is the fuel for lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning? |
‘Ayonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Improper attention.’ |
Ayonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that improper attention is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro ayonisomanasikārassa? |
And what is the fuel for improper attention? |
‘Assaddhiyan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Lack of faith.’ |
Assaddhiyampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that lack of faith is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro assaddhiyassa? |
And what is the fuel for lack of faith? |
‘Assaddhammassavanan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Listening to an untrue teaching.’ |
Assaddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that listening to an untrue teaching is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro assaddhammassavanassa? |
And what is the fuel for listening to an untrue teaching? |
‘Asappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Associating with bad people.’ |
Iti kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti, avijjā paripūrā bhavataṇhaṃ paripūreti; |
In this way, when the factor of associating with bad people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of listening to an untrue teaching. When the factor of listening to an untrue teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of lack of faith … improper attention … lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … lack of sense restraint …the three kinds of misconduct … the five hindrances … ignorance. When ignorance is fulfilled, it fulfills craving for continued existence. |
evametissā bhavataṇhāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for craving for continued existence, and that’s how it’s fulfilled. |
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti, pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti, kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti, mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti, kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti, mahānadiyo paripūrā mahāsamuddaṃ sāgaraṃ paripūrenti; |
It’s like when it rains heavily on a mountain top, and the water flows downhill to fill the hollows, crevices, and creeks. As they become full, they fill up the pools. The pools fill up the lakes, the lakes fill up the streams, and the streams fill up the rivers. And as the rivers become full, they fill up the ocean. |
evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for the ocean, and that’s how it’s filled up. |
Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, asappurisasaṃsevo paripūro assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, assaddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ assaddhiyaṃ paripūreti, assaddhiyaṃ paripūraṃ ayonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, ayonisomanasikāro paripūro asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūreti, asatāsampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyaasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyaasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi duccaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi duccaritāni paripūrāni pañca nīvaraṇe paripūrenti, pañca nīvaraṇā paripūrā avijjaṃ paripūrenti, avijjā paripūrā bhavataṇhaṃ paripūreti; |
In the same way, when the factor of associating with bad people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of listening to an untrue teaching. When the factor of listening to an untrue teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of lack of faith … improper attention … lack of rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … lack of sense restraint …the three kinds of misconduct … the five hindrances … ignorance. When ignorance is fulfilled, it fulfills craving for continued existence. |
evametissā bhavataṇhāya āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for craving for continued existence, and that’s how it’s fulfilled. |
Vijjāvimuttimpāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that knowledge and freedom are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro vijjāvimuttiyā? |
And what is the fuel for knowledge and freedom? |
‘Satta bojjhaṅgā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The seven awakening factors.’ |
Sattapāhaṃ, bhikkhave, bojjhaṅge sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. |
I say that the seven awakening factors are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro sattannaṃ bojjhaṅgānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the seven awakening factors? |
‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhānā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The four kinds of rememberfulness meditation.’ |
Cattāropāhaṃ, bhikkhave, satipaṭṭhāne sāhāre vadāmi, no anāhāre. |
I say that the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro catunnaṃ satipaṭṭhānānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation? |
‘Tīṇi sucaritānī’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘The three kinds of good conduct.’ |
Tīṇipāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sucaritāni sāhārāni vadāmi, no anāhārāni. |
I say that the three kinds of good conduct are fueled by something, they’re not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro tiṇṇannaṃ sucaritānaṃ? |
And what is the fuel for the three kinds of good conduct? |
‘Indriyasaṃvaro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Sense restraint.’ |
Indriyasaṃvarampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that sense restraint is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro indriyasaṃvarassa? |
And what is the fuel for sense restraint? |
‘Satisampajaññan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘rememberfulness and lucid-discerning.’ |
Satisampajaññampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that rememberfulness and lucid-discerning is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro satisampajaññassa? |
And what is the fuel for rememberfulness and lucid-discerning? |
‘Yonisomanasikāro’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Proper attention.’ |
Yonisomanasikārampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that proper attention is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro yonisomanasikārassa? |
And what is the fuel for proper attention? |
‘Saddhā’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Faith.’ |
Saddhampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that faith is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro saddhāya? |
And what is the fuel for faith? |
‘Saddhammassavanan’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Listening to the true teaching.’ |
Saddhammassavanampāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sāhāraṃ vadāmi, no anāhāraṃ. |
I say that listening to the true teaching is fueled by something, it’s not unfueled. |
Ko cāhāro saddhammassavanassa? |
And what is the fuel for listening to the true teaching? |
‘Sappurisasaṃsevo’tissa vacanīyaṃ. |
You should say: ‘Associating with good people.’ |
Iti kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti, saddhammassavanaṃ paripūraṃ saddhaṃ paripūreti, saddhā paripūrā yonisomanasikāraṃ paripūreti, yonisomanasikāro paripūro satisampajaññaṃ paripūreti, satisampajaññaṃ paripūraṃ indriyasaṃvaraṃ paripūreti, indriyasaṃvaro paripūro tīṇi sucaritāni paripūreti, tīṇi sucaritāni paripūrāni cattāro satipaṭṭhāne paripūrenti, cattāro satipaṭṭhānā paripūrā satta bojjhaṅge paripūrenti, satta bojjhaṅgā paripūrā vijjāvimuttiṃ paripūrenti; |
In this way, when the factor of associating with good people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of listening to the true teaching. When the factor of listening to the true teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of faith … proper attention … rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … sense restraint …the three kinds of good conduct … the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation … the seven awakening factors. When the seven awakening factors are fulfilled, they fulfill knowledge and freedom. |
evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for knowledge and freedom, and that’s how it’s fulfilled. |
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ … pe … |
It’s like when it rains heavily on a mountain top, and the water flows downhill to fill the hollows, crevices, and creeks. As they become full, they fill up the pools. The pools fill up the lakes, the lakes fill up the streams, and the streams fill up the rivers. And as the rivers become full, they fill up the ocean. |
evametassa mahāsamuddassa sāgarassa āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūri. |
That’s the fuel for the ocean, and that’s how it’s filled up. |
Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, sappurisasaṃsevo paripūro saddhammassavanaṃ paripūreti … pe … |
In this way, when the factor of associating with good people is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of listening to the true teaching. When the factor of listening to the true teaching is fulfilled, it fulfills the factor of faith … proper attention … rememberfulness and lucid-discerning … sense restraint …the three kinds of good conduct … the four kinds of rememberfulness meditation … the seven awakening factors. When the seven awakening factors are fulfilled, they fulfill knowledge and freedom. |
evametissā vijjāvimuttiyā āhāro hoti, evañca pāripūrī”ti. |
That’s the fuel for knowledge and freedom, and that’s how it’s fulfilled.” |
63. Niṭṭhaṅgatasutta |
63. Come to a Conclusion |
“Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi niṭṭhaṃ gatā sabbe te diṭṭhisampannā. |
“monks, all those who have come to a conclusion about me are accomplished in view. |
Tesaṃ diṭṭhisampannānaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. |
Of those who are accomplished in view, five conclude their path in this realm, and five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind. |
Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā? |
Which five conclude their path in this realm? |
Sattakkhattuparamassa, kolaṅkolassa, ekabījissa, sakadāgāmissa, yo ca diṭṭheva dhamme arahā— |
The one who has seven rebirths at most, the one who goes from family to family, the one-seeder, the once returner, and the one who is perfected in the present life. |
imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā. |
These five conclude their path in this realm. |
Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā? |
Which five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind? |
Antarāparinibbāyissa, upahaccaparinibbāyissa, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, uddhaṃsotassa akaniṭṭhagāmino— |
The one who is nirvana'd in-between one life and the next, the one who is nirvana'd upon landing, the one who is nirvana'd without extra effort, the one who is nirvana'd with extra effort, and the one who heads upstream, going to the Akaniṭṭha realm. |
imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. |
These five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind. |
Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi niṭṭhaṃ gatā, sabbe te diṭṭhisampannā. |
All those who have come to a conclusion about me are accomplished in view. |
Tesaṃ diṭṭhisampannānaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā”ti. |
Of those who are accomplished in view, these five conclude their path in this realm, and these five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind.” |
64. Aveccappasannasutta |
64. Experiential Confidence |
“Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi aveccappasannā, sabbe te sotāpannā. |
“monks, all those who have experiential confidence in me have entered the stream. |
Tesaṃ sotāpannānaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. |
Of those who have entered the stream, five conclude their path in this realm, and five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind. |
Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā? |
Which five conclude their path in this realm? |
Sattakkhattuparamassa, kolaṅkolassa, ekabījissa, sakadāgāmissa, yo ca diṭṭheva dhamme arahā— |
The one who has seven rebirths at most, the one who goes from family to family, the one-seeder, the once returner, and the one who is perfected in the present life. |
imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā. |
These five conclude their path in this realm. |
Katamesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā? |
Which five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind? |
Antarāparinibbāyissa, upahaccaparinibbāyissa, asaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, sasaṅkhāraparinibbāyissa, uddhaṃsotassa akaniṭṭhagāmino— |
The one who is nirvana'd in-between one life and the next, the one who is nirvana'd upon landing, the one who is nirvana'd without extra effort, the one who is nirvana'd with extra effort, and the one who heads upstream, going to the Akaniṭṭha realm. |
imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā. |
These five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind. |
Ye keci, bhikkhave, mayi aveccappasannā sabbe te sotāpannā. |
All those who have experiential confidence in me have entered the stream. |
Tesaṃ sotāpannānaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha niṭṭhā, imesaṃ pañcannaṃ idha vihāya niṭṭhā”ti. |
Of those who have entered the stream, these five conclude their path in this realm, and these five conclude their path after leaving this realm behind.” |
65. Paṭhamasukhasutta |
65. Happiness (1st) |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto magadhesu viharati nālakagāmake. |
At one time Venerable Sāriputta was staying in the land of the Magadhans near the little village of Nālaka. |
Atha kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. |
Then the wanderer Sāmaṇḍakāni went up to Venerable Sāriputta and exchanged greetings with him. |
Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca: |
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, Sāmaṇḍakāni sat down to one side, and said to Sāriputta: |
“Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso sāriputta, sukhaṃ, kiṃ dukkhan”ti? |
“Reverend Sāriputta, what is happiness and what is suffering?” |
“Abhinibbatti kho, āvuso, dukkhā, anabhinibbatti sukhā. |
“Rebirth is suffering, reverend, no rebirth is happiness. |
Abhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ— |
When there is rebirth, you can expect this kind of suffering. |
sītaṃ uṇhaṃ jighacchā pipāsā uccāro passāvo aggisamphasso daṇḍasamphasso satthasamphasso ñātīpi mittāpi saṅgamma samāgamma rosenti. |
Cold, heat, hunger, thirst, defecation, and urination. Contact with fire, clubs, and knives. And relatives and friends get together and annoy you. |
Abhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ. |
When there is rebirth, this is the kind of suffering you can expect. |
Anabhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ— |
When there is no rebirth, you can expect this kind of happiness. |
na sītaṃ na uṇhaṃ na jighacchā na pipāsā na uccāro na passāvo na aggisamphasso na daṇḍasamphasso na satthasamphasso ñātīpi mittāpi saṅgamma samāgamma na rosenti. |
No cold, heat, hunger, thirst, defecation, or urination. No contact with fire, clubs, or knives. And relatives and friends don’t get together and annoy you. |
Anabhinibbattiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhan”ti. |
When there is no rebirth, this is the kind of happiness you can expect.” |
66. Dutiyasukhasutta |
66. Happiness (2nd) |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā sāriputto magadhesu viharati nālakagāmake. |
At one time Venerable Sāriputta was staying in the land of the Magadhans near the little village of Nālaka. |
Atha kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako yenāyasmā sāriputto tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā sāriputtena saddhiṃ sammodi. |
Then the wanderer Sāmaṇḍakāni went up to Venerable Sāriputta and exchanged greetings with him. |
Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho sāmaṇḍakāni paribbājako āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ etadavoca: |
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, Sāmaṇḍakāni sat down to one side and said to Sāriputta: |
“Kiṃ nu kho, āvuso, sāriputta, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye sukhaṃ, kiṃ dukkhan”ti? |
“Reverend Sāriputta, in this teaching and training, what is happiness and what is suffering?” |
“Anabhirati kho, āvuso, imasmiṃ dhammavinaye dukkhā, abhirati sukhā. |
“Reverend, in this teaching and training dissatisfaction is suffering and satisfaction is happiness. |
Anabhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ— |
When you’re dissatisfied, you can expect this kind of suffering. |
gacchantopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ nādhigacchati, |
You find no happiness or pleasure while walking … |
ṭhitopi … |
standing … |
nisinnopi … |
sitting … |
sayānopi … |
or lying down … |
gāmagatopi … |
or when in a village … |
araññagatopi … |
a wilderness … |
rukkhamūlagatopi … |
at the root of a tree … |
suññāgāragatopi … |
an empty hut … |
abbhokāsagatopi … |
the open air … |
bhikkhumajjhagatopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ nādhigacchati. |
or when among the monks. |
Anabhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ dukkhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ. |
When you’re dissatisfied, this is the kind of suffering you can expect. |
Abhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ— |
When you’re satisfied, you can expect this kind of happiness. |
gacchantopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ adhigacchati, |
You find happiness or pleasure while walking … |
ṭhitopi … |
standing … |
nisinnopi … |
sitting … |
sayānopi … |
or lying down … |
gāmagatopi … |
or when in a village … |
araññagatopi … |
a wilderness … |
rukkhamūlagatopi … |
at the root of a tree … |
suññāgāragatopi … |
an empty hut … |
abbhokāsagatopi … |
the open air … |
bhikkhumajjhagatopi sukhaṃ sātaṃ adhigacchati. |
or when among the monks. |
Abhiratiyā, āvuso, sati idaṃ sukhaṃ pāṭikaṅkhan”ti. |
When you’re satisfied, this is the kind of happiness you can expect.” |
67. Paṭhamanaḷakapānasutta |
67. At Naḷakapāna (1st) |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena naḷakapānaṃ nāma kosalānaṃ nigamo tadavasari. |
At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kosalans together with a large Saṅgha of monks when he arrived at a town of the Kosalans named Naḷakapāna. |
Tatra sudaṃ bhagavā naḷakapāne viharati palāsavane. |
There the Buddha stayed near Naḷakapāna in the parrot tree grove. |
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisinno hoti. |
Now, at that time it was the sabbath, and the Buddha was sitting surrounded by the Saṅgha of monks. |
Atha kho bhagavā bahudeva rattiṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi: |
The Buddha spent most of the night educating, encouraging, firing up, and inspiring the monks with a Dhamma talk. Then he looked around the Saṅgha of monks, who were so very silent. He addressed Venerable Sāriputta: |
“Vigatathinamiddho kho, sāriputta, bhikkhusaṃgho. |
“Sāriputta, the Saṅgha of monks is rid of dullness and drowsiness. |
Paṭibhātu taṃ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammī kathā. |
Give them some Dhamma talk as you feel inspired. |
Piṭṭhi me āgilāyati; |
My back is sore, |
tamahaṃ āyamissāmī”ti. |
I’ll stretch it.” |
“Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato paccassosi. |
“Yes, sir,” Sāriputta replied. |
Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. |
And then the Buddha spread out his outer robe folded in four and laid down in the lion’s posture—on the right side, placing one foot on top of the other—rememberful and aware, and focused on the time of getting up. |
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There Sāriputta addressed the monks: |
“āvuso bhikkhave”ti. |
“Reverends, monks!” |
“Āvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. |
“Reverend,” they replied. |
Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca: |
Sāriputta said this: |
“Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi … |
“Reverends, whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ natthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ natthi … |
|
paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waning fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only decline. |
evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi … |
In the same way, whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ natthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ natthi … |
|
paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
A faithless individual is in decline. |
‘ahiriko purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
An individual with no conscience is in decline. |
‘anottappī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
An imprudent individual is in decline. |
‘kusīto purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
A lazy individual is in decline. |
‘duppañño purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
A witless individual is in decline. |
‘kodhano purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
An angry individual is in decline. |
‘upanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
A hostile individual is in decline. |
‘pāpiccho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
An individual with bad desires is in decline. |
‘pāpamitto purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ; |
An individual with bad friends is in decline. |
‘micchādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, parihānametaṃ. |
An individual with wrong view is in decline. |
Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi … |
Whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ atthi … |
|
paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, āvuso, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waxing fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only grow. |
evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi … |
In the same way, whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ atthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ atthi … |
|
paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
A faithful individual doesn’t decline. |
‘hirīmā purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
An individual with a conscience doesn’t decline. |
‘ottappī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
A prudent individual doesn’t decline. |
‘āraddhavīriyo purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
An energetic individual doesn’t decline. |
‘paññavā purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
A wise individual doesn’t decline. |
‘akkodhano purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
A loving individual doesn’t decline. |
‘anupanāhī purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
A kind individual doesn’t decline. |
‘appiccho purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
An individual with few desires doesn’t decline. |
‘kalyāṇamitto purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametaṃ; |
An individual with good friends doesn’t decline. |
‘sammādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, āvuso, aparihānametan”ti. |
An individual with right view doesn’t decline.” |
Atha kho bhagavā paccuṭṭhāya āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha got up and said to Venerable Sāriputta: |
“sādhu sādhu, sāriputta. |
“Good, good, Sāriputta! |
Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi … |
Whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ natthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ natthi … |
|
paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waning fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only decline. |
evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu … pe … |
In the same way, whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
paññā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā … pe … no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
‘Assaddho purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, parihānametaṃ; |
A faithless individual is in decline. |
ahiriko … |
An individual with no conscience … |
anottappī … |
imprudent … |
kusīto … |
lazy … |
duppañño … |
witless … |
kodhano … |
angry … |
upanāhī … |
hostile … |
pāpiccho … |
with bad desires … |
pāpamitto … |
bad friends … |
‘micchādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, parihānametaṃ. |
An individual with wrong view is in decline. |
Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi … |
Whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ atthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ atthi … |
|
paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waxing fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only grow. |
evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi … |
In the same way, whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ atthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ atthi … |
|
paññā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
‘Saddho purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, aparihānametaṃ; |
A faithful individual doesn’t decline. |
hirīmā … |
A conscientious individual … |
ottappī … |
prudent … |
āraddhavīriyo … |
energetic … |
paññavā … |
wise … |
akkodhano … |
loving … |
anupanāhī … |
kind … |
appiccho … |
with few desires … |
kalyāṇamitto … |
good friends … |
‘sammādiṭṭhiko purisapuggalo’ti, sāriputta, aparihānametan”ti. |
An individual with right view doesn’t decline.” |
68. Dutiyanaḷakapānasutta |
68. At Naḷakapāna (2nd) |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā naḷakapāne viharati palāsavane. |
At one time the Buddha stayed near Naḷakapāna in the parrot tree grove. |
Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto nisinno hoti. |
Now, at that time it was the sabbath, and the Buddha was sitting surrounded by the Saṅgha of monks. |
Atha kho bhagavā bahudeva rattiṃ bhikkhūnaṃ dhammiyā kathāya sandassetvā samādapetvā samuttejetvā sampahaṃsetvā tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi: |
The Buddha spent most of the night educating, encouraging, firing up, and inspiring the monks with a Dhamma talk. Then he looked around the Saṅgha of monks, who were so very silent. He addressed Venerable Sāriputta: |
“Vigatathinamiddho kho, sāriputta, bhikkhusaṅgho. |
“Sāriputta, the Saṅgha of monks is rid of dullness and drowsiness. |
Paṭibhātu taṃ, sāriputta, bhikkhūnaṃ dhammī kathā. |
Give them some Dhamma talk as you feel inspired. |
Piṭṭhi me āgilāyati; |
My back is sore, |
tamahaṃ āyamissāmī”ti. |
I’ll stretch it.” |
“Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho āyasmā sāriputto bhagavato paccassosi. |
“Yes, sir,” Sāriputta replied. |
Atha kho bhagavā catugguṇaṃ saṅghāṭiṃ paññāpetvā dakkhiṇena passena sīhaseyyaṃ kappesi pāde pādaṃ accādhāya sato sampajāno uṭṭhānasaññaṃ manasi karitvā. |
And then the Buddha spread out his outer robe folded in four and laid down in the lion’s posture—on the right side, placing one foot on top of the other—rememberful and aware, and focused on the time of getting up. |
Tatra kho āyasmā sāriputto bhikkhū āmantesi: |
There Sāriputta addressed the monks: |
“āvuso bhikkhave”ti. |
“Reverends, monks!” |
“Āvuso”ti kho te bhikkhū āyasmato sāriputtassa paccassosuṃ. |
“Reverend,” they replied. |
Āyasmā sāriputto etadavoca: |
Sāriputta said this: |
“Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi … |
“Reverends, whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who doesn’t want to listen, doesn’t memorize the teachings, examine their meaning, or practice accordingly, and is not diligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ natthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ natthi … |
|
paññā natthi … |
|
sotāvadhānaṃ natthi … |
|
dhammadhāraṇā natthi … |
|
atthūpaparikkhā natthi … |
|
dhammānudhammappaṭipatti natthi … |
|
appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, āvuso, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waning fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only decline. |
evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī natthi … |
In the same way, whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who doesn’t want to listen, doesn’t memorize the teachings, examine their meaning, or practice accordingly, and is negligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ natthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ natthi … |
|
paññā natthi … |
|
sotāvadhānaṃ natthi … |
|
dhammadhāraṇā natthi … |
|
atthūpaparikkhā natthi … |
|
dhammānudhammappaṭipatti natthi … |
|
appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Yassa kassaci, āvuso, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu, hirī atthi … |
Whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who wants to listen, memorizes the teachings, examines their meaning, and practices accordingly, and is diligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ atthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ atthi … |
|
paññā atthi … |
|
sotāvadhānaṃ atthi … |
|
dhammadhāraṇā atthi … |
|
atthūpaparikkhā atthi … |
|
dhammānudhammappaṭipatti atthi … |
|
appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, āvuso, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waxing fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only grow. |
evamevaṃ kho, āvuso, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu … pe … |
In the same way, whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who wants to listen, memorizes the teachings, examines their meaning, and practices accordingly, and is diligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihānī”ti. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night.” |
Atha kho bhagavā paccuṭṭhāya āyasmantaṃ sāriputtaṃ āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha got up and said to Venerable Sāriputta: |
“sādhu sādhu, sāriputta. |
“Good, good, Sāriputta! |
Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu hirī natthi … |
Whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who doesn’t want to listen, doesn’t memorize the teachings, examine their meaning, or practice accordingly, and is negligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ natthi … |
|
paññā natthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ natthi … |
|
sotāvadhānaṃ natthi … |
|
dhammadhāraṇā natthi … |
|
atthūpaparikkhā natthi … |
|
dhammānudhammappaṭipatti natthi … |
|
appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, kāḷapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāyateva vaṇṇena hāyati maṇḍalena hāyati ābhāya hāyati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waning fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only decline. |
evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā natthi kusalesu dhammesu … pe … |
In the same way, whoever has no faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who doesn’t want to listen, doesn’t memorize the teachings, examine their meaning, or practice accordingly, and is negligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
appamādo natthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, hāniyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no vuddhi. |
can expect decline, not growth, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Yassa kassaci, sāriputta, saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu hirī atthi … |
Whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who wants to listen, memorizes the teachings, examines their meaning, and practices accordingly, and is diligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
ottappaṃ atthi … |
|
vīriyaṃ atthi … |
|
paññā atthi … |
|
sotāvadhānaṃ atthi … |
|
dhammadhāraṇā atthi … |
|
atthūpaparikkhā atthi … |
|
dhammānudhammappaṭipatti atthi … |
|
appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihāni. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night. |
Seyyathāpi, sāriputta, juṇhapakkhe candassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vaḍḍhateva vaṇṇena vaḍḍhati maṇḍalena vaḍḍhati ābhāya vaḍḍhati ārohapariṇāhena; |
It’s like the moon in the waxing fortnight. Whether by day or by night, its beauty, roundness, light, and diameter and circumference only grow. |
evamevaṃ kho, sāriputta, yassa kassaci saddhā atthi kusalesu dhammesu … pe … |
In the same way, whoever has faith, conscience, prudence, energy, and wisdom; who wants to listen, memorizes the teachings, examines their meaning, and practices accordingly, and is diligent when it comes to skillful qualities |
appamādo atthi kusalesu dhammesu, tassa yā ratti vā divaso vā āgacchati, vuddhiyeva pāṭikaṅkhā kusalesu dhammesu no parihānī”ti. |
can expect growth, not decline, in skillful qualities, whether by day or by night.” |
69. Paṭhamakathāvatthusutta |
69. Topics of Discussion (1st) |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ sannisinnā sannipatitā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti, seyyathidaṃ— |
Now at that time, after the meal, on return from alms-round, several monks sat together in the meeting hall. They engaged in all kinds of unworthy talk, such as |
rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vāti. |
talk about kings, bandits, and ministers; talk about armies, threats, and wars; talk about food, drink, clothes, and beds; talk about garlands and fragrances; talk about family, vehicles, villages, towns, cities, and countries; talk about women and heroes; street talk and well talk; talk about the departed; motley talk; tales of land and sea; and talk about being reborn in this or that state of existence. |
Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena upaṭṭhānasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. |
Then in the late afternoon, the Buddha came out of retreat and went to the assembly hall, where he sat on the seat spread out |
Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
and addressed the monks: |
“kāya nuttha, bhikkhave, etarahi kathāya sannisinnā sannipatitā, kā ca pana vo antarākathā vippakatā”ti? |
“monks, what were you sitting talking about just now? What conversation was left unfinished?” |
“Idha mayaṃ, bhante, pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ sannisinnā sannipatitā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharāma, seyyathidaṃ— |
And they told him what had happened. |
rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ … pe … itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā”ti. |
|
“Na kho panetaṃ, bhikkhave, tumhākaṃ patirūpaṃ kulaputtānaṃ saddhāya agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitānaṃ, yaṃ tumhe anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā vihareyyātha, seyyathidaṃ— |
“monks, it is not appropriate for you people of good families who have gone forth in faith from the lay life to homelessness to engage in these kinds of unworthy talk. |
rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vāti. |
|
Dasayimāni, bhikkhave, kathāvatthūni. |
There are, monks, these ten topics of discussion. |
Katamāni dasa? |
What ten? |
Appicchakathā, santuṭṭhikathā, pavivekakathā, asaṃsaggakathā, vīriyārambhakathā, sīlakathā, samādhikathā, paññākathā, vimuttikathā, vimuttiñāṇadassanakathāti— |
Talk about fewness of wishes, contentment, seclusion, keeping your distance, arousing energy, ethics, undistractible-lucidity, wisdom, freedom, and the knowledge and vision of freedom. |
imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa kathāvatthūni. |
These are the ten topics of discussion. |
Imesañce tumhe, bhikkhave, dasannaṃ kathāvatthūnaṃ upādāyupādāya kathaṃ katheyyātha, imesampi candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃmahānubhāvānaṃ tejasā tejaṃ pariyādiyeyyātha, ko pana vādo aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānan”ti. |
monks, if you bring up these topics of conversation again and again then your glory could surpass even the sun and moon, so mighty and powerful, how much more so the wanderers who follow other paths.” |
70. Dutiyakathāvatthusutta |
70. Topics of Discussion (2nd) |
Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantā upaṭṭhānasālāyaṃ sannisinnā sannipatitā anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ anuyuttā viharanti, seyyathidaṃ— |
Now at that time, after the meal, on return from alms-round, several monks sat together in the meeting hall. |
rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ … pe … itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vāti. |
They engaged in all kinds of unworthy talk, such as talk about kings, bandits, and ministers; talk about armies, threats, and wars; talk about food, drink, clothes, and beds; talk about garlands and fragrances; talk about family, vehicles, villages, towns, cities, and nations; talk about women and heroes; street talk and well talk; talk about the departed; miscellaneous talk; tales of land and sea; and talk about being reborn in this or that state of existence. |
“Dasayimāni, bhikkhave, pāsaṃsāni ṭhānāni. |
“monks, there are ten grounds for praise. |
Katamāni dasa? |
What ten? |
Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu attanā ca appiccho hoti, appicchakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
It’s when a monk personally has few wishes, and speaks to the monks on having few wishes. |
‘Appiccho bhikkhu appicchakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (1) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca santuṭṭho hoti, santuṭṭhikathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is content, and speaks to the monks on contentment. |
‘Santuṭṭho bhikkhu santuṭṭhikathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (2) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca pavivitto hoti, pavivekakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is secluded, and speaks to the monks on seclusion. |
‘Pavivitto bhikkhu pavivekakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (3) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca asaṃsaṭṭho hoti, asaṃsaṭṭhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally doesn’t mix closely with others, and speaks to the monks on not mixing closely with others. |
‘Asaṃsaṭṭho bhikkhu asaṃsaṭṭhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (4) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca āraddhavīriyo hoti, vīriyārambhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is energetic, and speaks to the monks on being energetic. |
‘Āraddhavīriyo bhikkhu vīriyārambhakathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (5) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca sīlasampanno hoti, sīlasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is accomplished in ethics, and speaks to the monks on being accomplished in ethics. |
‘Sīlasampanno bhikkhu sīlasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (6) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca samādhisampanno hoti, samādhisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is accomplished in undistractible-lucidity, and speaks to the monks on being accomplished in undistractible-lucidity. |
‘Samādhisampanno bhikkhu samādhisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (7) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca paññāsampanno hoti, paññāsampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is accomplished in wisdom, and speaks to the monks on being accomplished in wisdom. |
‘Paññāsampanno bhikkhu paññāsampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (8) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca vimuttisampanno hoti, vimuttisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is accomplished in freedom, and speaks to the monks on being accomplished in freedom. |
‘Vimuttisampanno bhikkhu vimuttisampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (9) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Attanā ca vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno hoti, vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā hoti. |
A monk personally is accomplished in the knowledge and vision of freedom, and speaks to the monks on being accomplished in the knowledge and vision of freedom. |
‘Vimuttiñāṇadassanasampanno bhikkhu vimuttiñāṇadassanasampadākathañca bhikkhūnaṃ kattā’ti pāsaṃsametaṃ ṭhānaṃ. (10) |
This is a ground for praise. |
Imāni kho, bhikkhave, dasa pāsaṃsāni ṭhānānī”ti. |
These are the ten grounds for praise.” |