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4👑☸EBpedia📚 pari-mukha    🔗📝   🔝


pari-mukha = in-front

1. literal context, in vinaya, refers to spatial location in front of person, such as facial or chest hair.
* Mukha = (anatomical) mouth, entrance, opening. Examples: mouth of a river, opening entrance of a bag of grains.
2. figurative context in sitting meditation:

pari-mukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā

✅Make sati establishment your "main priority".
⛔It does not mean focus on physical spatial area around-your-mouth, as late Theravada wrongly interprets this in 16🌬️😤‍ breath meditation context.



pari-mukha = in-front

1. literal context, in vinaya, refers to spatial location in front of person, such as facial or chest hair.
* Mukha = (anatomical) mouth, entrance, opening. Examples: mouth of a river, opening entrance of a bag of grains.
2. figurative context in sitting meditation:
* pari-mukha = main priority.
* what is 'in-front' of you is the 'main priority'.
* tackle head on what's 'in-front' of you.
* move that task to the front of the line.

pari-mukha in idiomatic sense similar to these English expressions

These examples have nothing to do with physical body part or its spatial location to the "front" (mukha), unless by coincidence.
"con-front the facts."
"face your fears."
"face the facts. face reality."
"the answer is right in front of you."
"focus on the task at hand" - has nothing to do with physical spatial focus of hand, unless by coincidence, such as 'shuffle a deck of cards.'
"get your head in the game." (means: you lack samādhi, focus, undistractible-ludicity)
"the boy behaving badly made his mom lose face." (means: mom embarrassed, pride hurt)
"keep your chin up." (means: don't lose courage)
"hold your head high." (means: be proud, you did your best)
"It's no skin off my nose if you don' take my advice." (means: no harm to me if you ignore me).




Parimukh 42 texts and 55 matches in Suttanta Pali
AN 3.63 almsround, sit, mukha, straight into 4 jhānas. Venāgapurasutta At Venāgapura
AN 3.63 almsround, sit, mukha, straight into 4bv☮️ brahma viharas. Venāgapurasutta At Venāgapura
AN 4.36 buddha sits at tree, mukha, highest santa, and talking to brahmin. Doṇasutta Doṇa
AN 4.198 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Attantapasutta Fervent Mortification of Oneself
AN 5.75 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Paṭhamayodhājīvasutta Warriors (1st)
AN 5.76 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Dutiyayodhājīvasutta Warriors (2nd)
AN 6.28 sit, mukha, manasi karoti divasam samadhi nimitta (monk doing meditation subject for whole day, taking question from novice). Dutiyasamayasutta Proper Occasions (2nd)
AN 9.40 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Nāgasutta The Simile of the Bull Elephant in the Forest
AN 10.60 as part of 16🌬️😤‍ formula. Girimānandasutta With Girimānanda
AN 10.99 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Upālisutta With Upāli
DN 2 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Sāmaññaphalasutta The Fruits of the Ascetic Life
DN 10 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Subhasutta With Subha
DN 22 as part of 16🌬️😤‍ formula. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutta The Longer Discourse on Mindfulness Meditation
DN 25 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Udumbarikasutta The Lion’s Roar at the Monastery of Lady Udumbarikā
MN 10 as part of 16🌬️😤‍ formula. Satipaṭṭhānasutta Mindfulness Meditation
MN 27 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Cūḷahatthipadopamasutta The Shorter Simile of the Elephant’s Footprint
MN 32.10 sit, mukha, thinking “I will not get up until I realize nirvana.” Mahāgosiṅgasutta The Longer Discourse at Gosiṅga
MN 38 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Mahātaṇhāsaṅkhayasutta The Longer Discourse on the Ending of Craving
MN 39 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Mahāassapurasutta The Longer Discourse at Assapura
MN 51.8.6 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Kandarakasutta With Kandaraka
MN 62.1.2 rahula sits, mukha, then sariputta talks to him and tells him to do breath meditation. Mahārāhulovādasutta The Longer Advice to Rāhula
MN 62.5.1 as part of 16🌬️😤‍ formula.
MN 91 buddha sits, mukha, then has no ill intentions and thoughts of compassion to help and teach others. Brahmāyusutta With Brahmāyu
MN 94 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Ghoṭamukhasutta With Ghoṭamukha
MN 101 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Devadahasutta At Devadaha
MN 107 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Gaṇakamoggallānasutta With Moggallāna the Accountant
MN 112.5.6 sit, mukha, remove 5niv⛅ hindrances. Chabbisodhanasutta The Sixfold Purification
MN 118 as part of 16🌬️😤‍ formula. Ānāpānassatisutta Mindfulness of Breathing
MN 119 as part of 16🌬️😤‍ formula. Kāyagatāsatisutta Mindfulness of the Body
MN 140.1 Buddha sits, mukha, no meditation subject specified. Dhātuvibhaṅgasutta The Analysis of the Elements
SN 7.10 buddha sits, mukha, someone talks to him. Bahudhītarasutta Many Daughters
SN 7.17 buddha sits, mukha, someone talks to him. Navakammikasutta The Builder
SN 7.18 buddha sits, mukha, someone talks to him. Kaṭṭhahārasutta Collecting Firewood

All 20 suttas in SN 54 pari-mukha as part of 16🌬️😤‍ formula.
SN 54.1 Ekadhammasutta One Thing
SN 54.3 Suddhikasutta Plain Version
SN 54.4 Paṭhamaphalasutta Fruits (1st)
SN 54.5 Dutiyaphalasutta Fruits (2nd)
SN 54.6 Ariṭṭhasutta With Ariṭṭha
SN 54.7 Mahākappinasutta About Mahākappina
SN 54.8 Padīpopamasutta The Simile of the Lamp
SN 54.9 Vesālīsutta At Vesālī
SN 54.10 Kimilasutta With Kimbila
SN 54.13 Paṭhamaānandasutta With Ānanda (1st)
SN 54.16 Dutiyabhikkhusutta Several Mendicants (2nd)

Invalid canonical sources
Ab Vb 12 explicit gloss of parimukha as nostril, as part of corrupt Abhidhamma 4 jhāna formula


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