. |
. |
He discerned, |
so evaṃ pajānāti — |
‘So this is how these dharma-[phenomena], |
‘evaṃ kirame dhammā |
not having been, come into play. |
ahutvā sambhonti, |
Having been, they vanish.’ |
hutvā paṭiventī’ti. |
with-aversion ** (in their) mind, 'with-aversion (in their) mind' (he) discerns. |
sa-dosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘sa-dosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti; |
without-aversion ** (in their) mind, 'without-aversion (in their) mind' (he) discerns. |
vīta-dosaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘vīta-dosaṃ citta’nti pajānāti; |
concentrated ** mind, 'concentrated mind' (he) discerns. |
samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti; |
un-concentrated ** mind, 'un-concentrated mind' (he) discerns. |
a-samāhitaṃ vā cittaṃ ‘a-samāhitaṃ citta’nti pajānāti; |
(4nt #1) ‘This is pain-&-suffering’ |
‘Idaṃ dukkhan’ti |
(you) should-think (that). |
vitakkeyyātha, |
(4nt #1) ‘This is pain-&-suffering’ |
‘Idaṃ dukkhan’ti |
as-it-actually-has-become; (he) discerns (that). |
yathā-bhūtaṃ pajānāti, |
. |
. |
Ye cāpi nibbutā loke, |
Those in the world who are nirvana'd, |
yathābhūtaṃ vipassisuṃ; |
truly discerning, |
Te janā apisuṇātha, |
not backbiters; such people |
mahantā vītasāradā. |
being great of heart and rid of naivety, |
Satibalañca samādhibalañca. (22) |
The power of remembering and the power of undistractible-lucidity. |
Samatho ca vipassanā ca. (23) |
Serenity and discernment. |
Samathanimittañca paggahanimittañca. (24) |
The basis of serenity and the basis of exertion. |
Katame dve dhammā bhāvetabbā? |
What two things should be developed? |
Samatho ca vipassanā ca. |
Serenity and discernment. |
Ime dve dhammā bhāvetabbā. (2) |
|
Katame dve dhammā pariññeyyā? |
What two things should be completely understood? |
Nāmañca rūpañca. |
Name and form. |
Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu: ‘sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo ca assaṃ manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ. (1) |
A monk might wish: ‘May I be liked and approved by my spiritual companions, respected and admired.’ So let them fulfill their precepts, be committed to inner serenity of the heart, not neglect jhāna, be endowed with discernment, and frequent empty huts. |
“Idhāvuso sāriputta, bhikkhu paṭisallānārāmo hoti paṭisallānarato, ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno, vipassanāya samannāgato, brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ. |
“Reverend Sāriputta, it’s a monk who enjoys retreat and loves retreat. They’re committed to inner serenity of the heart, they don’t neglect jhāna, they’re endowed with discernment, and they frequent empty huts. |
Evarūpena kho, āvuso sāriputta, bhikkhunā gosiṅgasālavanaṃ sobheyyā”ti. |
That’s the kind of monk who would beautify this park.” |
♦ “pañcahi kho, āvuso, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca. idhāvuso, sammādiṭṭhi sīlānuggahitā ca hoti, sutānuggahitā ca hoti, sākacchānuggahitā ca hoti, samathānuggahitā ca hoti, vipassanānuggahitā ca hoti. imehi kho, āvuso, pañcahaṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṃsā cā”ti. |
“Assisted by five factors, right view has awareness-release as its fruit & reward, and discernment-release as its fruit & reward. There is the case where right view is assisted by virtue, assisted by learning, assisted by discussion, assisted by tranquility, assisted by insight. Assisted by these five factors, right view has awareness-release as its fruit & reward, and discernment-release as its fruit & reward.” |
Ariyassa bhāvitattassa, |
The noble one, self-developed, |
Pattipattassa veyyākaraṇassa; |
he has attained the goal and explains it; |
Satimato vipassissa, |
he is rememberful, discerning, |
Anabhinatassa no apanatassa; |
neither leaning forward nor pulling back, |
Anejassa vasippattassa, |
he’s still, attained to mastery: |
Bhagavato tassa sāvakohamasmi. |
he is the Buddha, and I am his disciple. |
Samuggatassa jhāyissa, |
He has risen up, he practices jhāna, |
Ananugatantarassa suddhassa; |
not following inner thoughts, he is pure, |
Alattha kho vacchagotto paribbājako bhagavato santike pabbajjaṃ alattha upasampadaṃ. |
And the wanderer Vaccha received the going forth, the ordination in the Buddha’s presence. |
Acirūpasampanno kho panāyasmā vacchagotto addhamāsūpasampanno yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā vacchagotto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
Not long after his ordination, a fortnight later, Venerable Vacchagotta went to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: |
“yāvatakaṃ, bhante, sekhena ñāṇena sekhāya vijjāya pattabbaṃ, anuppattaṃ taṃ mayā; |
“Sir, I’ve reached as far as possible with the knowledge and understanding of a trainee. |
uttari ca me bhagavā dhammaṃ desetū”ti. |
Please teach me further.” |
“Tena hi tvaṃ, vaccha, dve dhamme uttari bhāvehi—samathañca vipassanañca. |
“Well then, Vaccha, further develop two things: serenity and discernment. |
Ime kho te, vaccha, dve dhammā uttari bhāvitā—samatho ca vipassanā ca—anekadhātupaṭivedhāya saṃvattissanti. |
When you have further developed these two things, they’ll lead to the penetration of many elements. |
So tvaṃ, vaccha, yāvadeva ākaṅkhissasi: |
Whenever you want, you’ll be capable of realizing the following, in each and every case: |
‘anekavihitaṃ iddhividhaṃ paccanubhaveyyaṃ—ekopi hutvā bahudhā assaṃ, bahudhāpi hutvā eko assaṃ; āvibhāvaṃ, tirobhāvaṃ; tirokuṭṭaṃ tiropākāraṃ tiropabbataṃ asajjamāno gaccheyyaṃ, seyyathāpi ākāse; pathaviyāpi ummujjanimujjaṃ kareyyaṃ, seyyathāpi udake; udakepi abhijjamāne gaccheyyaṃ, seyyathāpi pathaviyaṃ; ākāsepi pallaṅkena kameyyaṃ, seyyathāpi pakkhī sakuṇo; imepi candimasūriye evaṃmahiddhike evaṃmahānubhāve pāṇinā parimaseyyaṃ, parimajjeyyaṃ; yāva brahmalokāpi kāyena vasaṃ vatteyyan’ti, |
‘May I wield the many kinds of psychic power: multiplying myself and becoming one again; appearing and disappearing; going unimpeded through a wall, a rampart, or a mountain as if through space; diving in and out of the earth as if it were water; walking on water as if it were earth; flying cross-legged through the sky like a bird; touching and stroking with my hand the sun and moon, so mighty and powerful; controlling my body as far as the Brahmā realm.’ |
sāriputto, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāsaṃ anupada-dhamma-- |
For a fortnight, (regarding) one-after-another dharma-[phenomena], |
--vi-passanaṃ vi-passati. |
(the) clear-seeing (of that he) clearly-sees. |
Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputtassa anupada-dhamma-vipassanāya hoti. |
And this is how he did it. |
Pacc-uppannañ-ca yo dhammaṃ, |
[Presently]-arisen-** ** Dharmas, |
Tattha tattha vi-passati; |
[right]-there, [right]-there (he) lucidly-sees. |
A-saṃhīraṃ a-saṃkuppaṃ, |
Im-movable, un-shakeable, |
Taṃ vidvā manubrūhaye. |
That is how you develop the heart. |
Tassa evaṃ imaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvayato cattāropi satipaṭṭhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāropi sammappadhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāropi iddhipādā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcapi indriyāni bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, pañcapi balāni bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, sattapi bojjhaṅgā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti. |
When the noble eightfold path is developed, the following are developed to perfection: the four kinds of remembering meditation, the four right efforts, the four bases of psychic power, the five faculties, the five powers, and the seven awakening factors. |
Tassime dve dhammā yuganandhā vattanti— |
And these two qualities proceed in conjunction: |
samatho ca vipassanā ca. |
serenity and discernment. |
So ye dhammā abhiññā pariññeyyā te dhamme abhiññā parijānāti. |
They completely understand by direct knowledge those things that should be completely understood by direct knowledge. |
Ye dhammā abhiññā pahātabbā te dhamme abhiññā pajahati. |
They give up by direct knowledge those things that should be given up by direct knowledge. |
Ye dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā te dhamme abhiññā bhāveti. |
They develop by direct knowledge those things that should be developed by direct knowledge. |
Ye dhammā abhiññā sacchikātabbā te dhamme abhiññā sacchikaroti. |
They realize by direct knowledge those things that should be realized by direct knowledge. |
Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā? |
And what are the things that should be developed by direct knowledge? |
Samatho ca vipassanā ca— |
Serenity and discernment. |
Puna caparaṃ, sāriputta, bhikkhunā iti paṭisañcikkhitabbaṃ: |
Furthermore, a monk should reflect: |
‘bhāvitā nu kho me samatho ca vipassanā cā’ti? |
‘Have I developed serenity and discernment?’ |
Sace, sāriputta, bhikkhu paccavekkhamāno evaṃ jānāti: |
Suppose that, upon checking, a monk knows that |
‘abhāvitā kho me samatho ca vipassanā cā’ti, tena, sāriputta, bhikkhunā samathavipassanānaṃ bhāvanāya vāyamitabbaṃ. |
they haven’t developed them, they should make an effort to do so. |
Sace pana, sāriputta, bhikkhu paccavekkhamāno evaṃ jānāti: |
But suppose that, upon checking, a monk knows that |
‘bhāvitā kho me samatho ca vipassanā cā’ti, tena, sāriputta, bhikkhunā teneva pītipāmojjena vihātabbaṃ ahorattānusikkhinā kusalesu dhammesu. |
they have developed them, they should meditate with rapture and joy, training day and night in skillful qualities. |
“Itthibhāvo kiṃ kayirā, |
“What difference does womanhood make |
cittamhi susamāhite; |
when the mind is serene, |
Ñāṇamhi vattamānamhi, |
and knowledge is present |
sammā dhammaṃ vipassato. |
as you rightly discern the Dhamma. |
Yassa nūna siyā evaṃ, |
Surely someone who might think: |
Itthāhaṃ purisoti vā; |
‘I am woman’, or ‘I am man’, |
Kiñci vā pana aññasmi, |
or ‘I am’ anything at all, |
Taṃ māro vattumarahatī”ti. |
is fit for Māra to address.” |
“Yassa sakkariyamānassa, |
“Whether they’re honored |
asakkārena cūbhayaṃ; |
or not honored, or both, |
Samādhi na vikampati, |
their undistractible-lucidity doesn’t waver |
appamāṇavihārino. |
as they live diligently. |
Taṃ jhāyinaṃ sātatikaṃ, |
They regularly practice jhāna |
sukhumaṃ diṭṭhivipassakaṃ; |
with subtle view and discernment. |
Upādānakkhayārāmaṃ, |
Rejoicing in the ending of grasping, |
āhu sappuriso itī”ti. |
they’re said to be a good person.” |
‘nagaran’ti kho, bhikkhu, imassetaṃ cātumahābhūtikassa kāyassa adhivacanaṃ mātāpettikasambhavassa odanakummāsūpacayassa aniccucchādanaparimaddanabhedanaviddhaṃsanadhammassa. |
‘City’ is a term for this body made up of the four primary elements, produced by mother and father, built up from rice and porridge, liable to impermanence, to wearing away and erosion, to breaking up and destruction. |
‘Cha dvārā’ti kho, bhikkhu, channetaṃ ajjhattikānaṃ āyatanānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘Six gates’ is a term for the six interior sense fields. |
‘Dovāriko’ti kho, bhikkhu, satiyā etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘Gatekeeper’ is a term for rememberfulness. |
‘Sīghaṃ dūtayugan’ti kho, bhikkhu, samathavipassanānetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘A swift pair of messengers’ is a term for serenity and discernment. |
‘Nagarassāmī’ti kho, bhikkhu, viññāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘The lord of the city’ is a term for consciousness. |
‘Majjhe siṅghāṭako’ti kho, bhikkhu, catunnetaṃ mahābhūtānaṃ adhivacanaṃ— |
‘The central square’ is a term for the four primary elements: |
pathavīdhātuyā, āpodhātuyā, tejodhātuyā, vāyodhātuyā. |
the elements of earth, water, fire, and air. |
‘Yathābhūtaṃ vacanan’ti kho, bhikkhu, nibbānassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. |
‘A message of truth’ is a term for nirvana. |
‘Yathāgatamaggo’ti kho, bhikkhu, ariyassetaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikassa maggassa adhivacanaṃ, seyyathidaṃ— |
‘The way they came’ is a term for the noble eightfold path, that is, |
Na vedanaṃ vedayati sapañño, |
A wise and learned person isn’t affected |
Sukhampi dukkhampi bahussutopi; |
by feelings of pleasure and pain. |
Ayañca dhīrassa puthujjanena, |
This is the great difference in skill |
Mahā viseso kusalassa hoti. |
between the wise and the ordinary. |
Saṅkhātadhammassa bahussutassa, |
A learned person who has comprehended the teaching |
vipassato lokamimaṃ parañca; |
discerns this world and the next. |
Iṭṭhassa dhammā na mathenti cittaṃ, |
Desirable things don’t disturb their mind, |
Aniṭṭhato no paṭighātameti. |
nor are they repelled by the undesirable. |
Tassānurodhā athavā virodhā, |
Both favoring and opposing |
Vidhūpitā atthagatā na santi; |
are cleared and ended, they are no more. |
Padañca ñatvā virajaṃ asokaṃ, |
Knowing the stainless, sorrowless state, |
Sammā pajānāti bhavassa pāragū”ti. |
they understand rightly, transcending rebirth.” |
“Addhā kho tvaṃ, gahapati, yaṃ paṭhamaṃ pucchitabbaṃ taṃ pucchasi. |
“Well, householder, you’ve finally asked what you should have asked first! |
Api ca tyāhaṃ byākarissāmi. |
Nevertheless, I will answer you. |
Saññāvedayitanirodhasamāpattiyā kho, gahapati, dve dhammā bahūpakārā— |
Two things are helpful for attaining the cessation of perception and feeling: |
samatho ca vipassanā cā”ti. |
serenity and discernment.” |
2. Samathavipassanāsutta |
2. Serenity and Discernment |
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo? |
And what is the path that leads to the unconditioned? |
Samatho ca vipassanā ca. |
Serenity and discernment. |
Katamo ca, bhikkhave, asaṅkhatagāmimaggo? |
And what is the path that leads to the unconditioned? |
vipassanā. |
Discernment. |
“Dve me, bhikkhave, dhammā vijjābhāgiyā. |
“These two things play a part in realization. |
Katame dve? |
What two? |
Samatho ca vipassanā ca. |
Serenity and discernment. |
Samatho, bhikkhave, bhāvito kamatthamanubhoti? |
What is the benefit of developing serenity? |
Cittaṃ bhāvīyati. |
The mind is developed. |
Cittaṃ bhāvitaṃ kamatthamanubhoti? |
What is the benefit of developing the mind? |
Yo rāgo so pahīyati. |
Greed is given up. |
vipassanā, bhikkhave, bhāvitā kamatthamanubhoti? |
What is the benefit of developing discernment? |
Paññā bhāvīyati. |
Wisdom is developed. |
Paññā bhāvitā kamatthamanubhoti? |
What is the benefit of developing wisdom? |
Yā avijjā sā pahīyati. |
Ignorance is given up. |
Yo ca sīlena sampanno, |
But one accomplished in ethics, |
sutavā paṭibhānavā; |
learned and eloquent, that wise one |
Saññato dhīro dhammesu, |
is restrained when experiencing phenomena, |
paññāyatthaṃ vipassati. |
discerning the meaning with wisdom. |
Pāragū sabbadhammānaṃ, |
Gone beyond all things, |
akhilo paṭibhānavā; |
kind, eloquent, |
Pahīnajātimaraṇo, |
they’ve given up birth and death, |
brahmacariyassa kevalī. |
and have completed the spiritual journey. |
Ānaṇyasukhaṃ ñatvāna, |
Knowing the happiness of debtlessness, |
Atho atthisukhaṃ paraṃ; |
and the extra happiness of possession, |
Bhuñjaṃ bhogasukhaṃ macco, |
a mortal enjoying the happiness of using wealth, |
Tato paññā vipassati. |
then sees clearly with wisdom. |
vipassamāno jānāti, |
Seeing clearly, a clever person knows |
ubho bhoge sumedhaso; |
both kinds of happiness: |
Anavajjasukhassetaṃ, |
the other kind is not worth a sixteenth part |
kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasin”ti. |
of the happiness of blamelessness.” |
Ajjhattañca na jānāti, |
Not knowing what’s inside, |
bahiddhā ca na passati; |
nor seeing what’s outside, |
Samantāvaraṇo bālo, |
the fool shut in on every side, |
sa ve ghosena vuyhati. |
gets carried away by a voice. |
Ajjhattañca na jānāti, |
Not knowing what’s inside, |
bahiddhā ca vipassati; |
but seeing what’s outside, |
Bahiddhā phaladassāvī, |
seeing the fruit outside, |
sopi ghosena vuyhati. |
they’re also carried away by a voice. |
Ajjhattañca pajānāti, |
Understanding what’s inside, |
bahiddhā ca vipassati; |
and seeing what’s outside, |
Vinīvaraṇadassāvī, |
seeing without hindrances, |
na so ghosena vuyhatī”ti. |
they don’t get carried away by a voice.” |
92. Paṭhamasamādhisutta |
92. undistractible-lucidity (1st) |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. |
“monks, these four people are found in the world. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. |
One person has internal serenity of heart, but not the higher wisdom of discernment of principles. |
Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī hoti adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, na lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa. |
One person has the higher wisdom of discernment of principles, but not internal serenity of heart. |
Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo na ceva lābhī hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa na ca lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. |
One person has neither internal serenity of heart, nor the higher wisdom of discernment of principles. |
Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. |
One person has both internal serenity of heart, and the higher wisdom of discernment of principles. |
“Cattārome, bhikkhave, kālā. |
“monks, there are these four times. |
Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
Kālena dhammassavanaṃ, kālena dhammasākacchā, kālena sammasanā, kālena vipassanā— |
A time for listening to the teaching, a time for discussing the teaching, a time for serenity, and a time for discernment. |
Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, uparipabbate thullaphusitake deve vassante taṃ udakaṃ yathāninnaṃ pavattamānaṃ pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūreti; pabbatakandarapadarasākhā paripūrā kusobbhe paripūrenti; kusobbhā paripūrā mahāsobbhe paripūrenti; mahāsobbhā paripūrā kunnadiyo paripūrenti; kunnadiyo paripūrā mahānadiyo paripūrenti; mahānadiyo paripūrā samuddaṃ paripūrenti. |
It’s like when it rains heavily on a mountain top, and the water flows downhill to fill the hollows, crevices, and creeks. As they become full, they fill up the pools. The pools fill up the lakes, the lakes fill up the streams, and the streams fill up the rivers. And as the rivers become full, they fill up the ocean. |
Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ime cattāro kālā sammā bhāviyamānā sammā anuparivattiyamānā anupubbena āsavānaṃ khayaṃ pāpentī”ti. |
In the same way, when these four times are rightly developed and progressed, they gradually lead to the ending of defilements.” |
Puna caparaṃ, āvuso, bhikkhu samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ bhāveti. |
Another monk develops serenity and discernment in conjunction. |
Tassa samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ bhāvayato maggo sañjāyati. |
As they do so, the path is born in them. |
So taṃ maggaṃ āsevati bhāveti bahulīkaroti. |
They cultivate, develop, and make much of it. |
Tassa taṃ maggaṃ āsevato bhāvayato bahulīkaroto saṃyojanāni pahīyanti, anusayā byantīhonti. |
By doing so, they give up the fetters and eliminate the underlying tendencies. |
Katame ca, bhikkhave, dhammā abhiññā bhāvetabbā? |
And what are the things that should be developed by direct knowledge? |
Samatho ca vipassanā ca— |
Serenity and discernment. |
“Pañcahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi anuggahitā sammādiṭṭhi cetovimuttiphalā ca hoti cetovimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca, paññāvimuttiphalā ca hoti paññāvimuttiphalānisaṃsā ca. |
“monks, when right view is supported by five factors it has freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom as its fruit and benefit. |
Katamehi pañcahi? |
What five? |
Idha, bhikkhave, sammādiṭṭhi sīlānuggahitā ca hoti, sutānuggahitā ca hoti, sākacchānuggahitā ca hoti, samathānuggahitā ca hoti, vipassanānuggahitā ca hoti. |
It’s when right view is supported by ethics, learning, discussion, serenity, and discernment. |
“Evañhetaṃ, bhikkhu, hoti indriyesu aguttadvārassa, bhojane amattaññuno, jāgariyaṃ ananuyuttassa, avipassakassa kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, pubbarattāpararattaṃ bodhipakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhāvanānuyogaṃ ananuyuttassa viharato, yaṃ madhurakajāto ceva kāyo hoti, disā cassa na pakkhāyanti, dhammā ca taṃ nappaṭibhanti, thinamiddhañcassa cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhati, anabhirato ca brahmacariyaṃ carati, hoti cassa dhammesu vicikicchā. |
“That’s how it is, monk, when your sense doors are unguarded, you eat too much, you’re not dedicated to wakefulness, you’re unable to discern skillful qualities, and you don’t pursue the development of the qualities that lead to awakening in the evening and toward dawn. Your body feels like it’s drugged. You’re disorientated, the teachings aren’t clear to you, and dullness and drowsiness fill your mind. You live the spiritual life dissatisfied, and have doubts about the teachings. |
Tasmātiha te, bhikkhu, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ: |
So you should train like this: |
‘indriyesu guttadvāro bhavissāmi, bhojane mattaññū, jāgariyaṃ anuyutto, vipassako kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, pubbarattāpararattaṃ bodhipakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhāvanānuyogaṃ anuyutto viharissāmī’ti. |
‘I will guard my sense doors, eat in moderation, be dedicated to wakefulness, discern skillful qualities, and pursue the development of the qualities that lead to awakening in the evening and toward dawn.’ |
Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, evaṃ sikkhitabbaṃ: |
So you should train like this: |
‘indriyesu guttadvārā bhavissāma, bhojane mattaññuno, jāgariyaṃ anuyuttā, vipassakā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, pubbarattāpararattaṃ bodhipakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ, bhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā viharissāmā’ti. |
‘We will guard our sense doors, eat in moderation, be dedicated to wakefulness, discern skillful qualities, and pursue the development of the qualities that lead to awakening in the evening and toward dawn.’ |
Avītarāgo kāmesu, |
They’re not free of desire for sensual pleasures, |
yassa pañcindriyā mudū; |
and their faculties are still immature: |
Saddhā sati ca vīriyaṃ, |
faith, rememberfulness, and energy, |
samatho ca vipassanā. |
serenity and discernment. |
Yoniso vicine dhammaṃ, |
They should examine the teaching rationally, |
paññāyatthaṃ vipassati; |
discerning the meaning with wisdom. |
Pajjotasseva nibbānaṃ, |
The liberation of their heart |
vimokkho hoti cetaso”ti. |
is like a lamp going out.” |
Katame satta? |
What seven? |
Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo sakiṃ nimuggo nimuggova hoti; |
One person sinks under once and stays under. |
idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ummujjitvā nimujjati; |
One person rises up then sinks under. |
idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ummujjitvā ṭhito hoti; |
One person rises up then stays put. |
idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ummujjitvā vipassati viloketi; |
One person rises up then sees and discerns. |
idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ummujjitvā patarati; |
One person rises up then crosses over. |
idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo ummujjitvā patigādhappatto hoti; |
One person rises up then finds a footing. |
Neva vippaṭisārissa, |
They never regret |
cajitvā āmisaṃ bahuṃ; |
giving away many material things. |
Evaṃ dinnāni dānāni, |
Discerning people praise |
vaṇṇayanti vipassino. |
giving such gifts. |
Saddho ca, nandaka, bhikkhu hoti sīlavā ca lābhī ca ajjhattaṃ cetosamādhissa, na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. |
A monk is faithful, ethical, and gets internal serenity of heart, but they don’t get the higher wisdom of discernment of principles. |
Evaṃ so tenaṅgena aparipūro hoti. |
So they’re incomplete in that respect. |
Seyyathāpi, nandaka, pāṇako catuppādako assa. |
Suppose, Nandaka, there was a four-footed animal |
Tassa eko pādo omako lāmako. |
that was lame and disabled. |
Evaṃ so tenaṅgena aparipūro assa. |
It would be incomplete in that respect. |
Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno paccavekkhaṇā bahukārā hoti kusalesu dhammesu: |
In the same way, checking is very helpful for a monk’s skillful qualities. |
‘lābhī nu khomhi ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, na nu khomhi lābhī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, lābhī nu khomhi adhipaññādhammavipassanāya, na nu khomhi lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāyā’ti. |
‘Do I have internal serenity of heart or not? Do I have the higher wisdom of discernment of principles or not?’ |
Sace, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paccavekkhamāno evaṃ jānāti: |
Suppose that, upon checking, a monk knows this: |
‘lābhīmhi ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa, na lābhī adhipaññādhammavipassanāyā’ti, tena, bhikkhave, bhikkhunā ajjhattaṃ cetosamathe patiṭṭhāya adhipaññādhammavipassanāya yogo karaṇīyo. |
‘I have serenity but not discernment.’ Grounded on serenity, they should practice meditation to get discernment. |
So aparena samayena lābhī ceva hoti ajjhattaṃ cetosamathassa lābhī ca adhipaññādhammavipassanāya. |
After some time they have both serenity and discernment. |
Ākaṅkheyya ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘sabrahmacārīnaṃ piyo cassaṃ manāpo ca garu ca bhāvanīyo cā’ti, sīlesvevassa paripūrakārī ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyutto anirākatajjhāno vipassanāya samannāgato brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ. (1) |
A monk might wish: ‘May I be liked and approved by my spiritual companions, respected and admired.’ So let them fulfill their precepts, be committed to inner serenity of the heart, not neglect jhāna, be endowed with discernment, and frequent empty huts. |
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♦ 174. |
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♦ andhabhūto VAR ayaṃ loko, |
Blind is the world; |
tanukettha vipassati. |
here only a few possess insight. |
♦ sakuṇo jālamuttova, |
Only a few, like birds escaping from the net, |
appo saggāya gacchati. |
go to realms of bliss. |
♦ 373. |
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♦ suññāgāraṃ paviṭṭhassa, |
The monk who has retired to a solitary abode and calmed his mind, |
santacittassa bhikkhuno. |
who comprehends the Dhamma with insight, |
♦ amānusī rati hoti, |
in him there arises a delight that |
sammā dhammaṃ vipassato. |
transcends all human delights. |
♦ “yena lobhena luddhāse, |
The greed with which |
sattā gacchanti duggatiṃ. |
beings go to a bad destination,3 |
♦ taṃ lobhaṃ sammadaññāya, |
coveting: |
pajahanti vipassino. |
from rightly knowing that greed, |
♦ pahāya na punāyanti, |
those who see clearly |
imaṃ lokaṃ kudācanan”ti. |
let go. |
♦ “yena dosena duṭṭhāse, |
The aversion with which |
sattā gacchanti duggatiṃ. |
beings go to a bad destination, |
♦ taṃ dosaṃ sammadaññāya, |
upset: |
pajahanti vipassino. |
from rightly knowing that aversion, |
♦ pahāya na punāyanti, |
those who see clearly |
imaṃ lokaṃ kudācanan”ti. |
let go. |
♦ “paṭisallānārāmā VAR, bhikkhave, viharatha paṭisallānaratā, ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyuttā, anirākatajjhānā, vipassanāya samannāgatā, brūhetā suññāgārānaṃ . paṭisallānārāmānaṃ, bhikkhave, viharataṃ paṭisallānaratānaṃ ajjhattaṃ cetosamathamanuyuttānaṃ anirākatamajjhānānaṃ vipassanāya samannāgatānaṃ brūhetānaṃ suññāgārānaṃ dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā”ti. etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. tatthetaṃ iti vuccati — |
“Monks, live enjoying aloofness, delighting in aloofness, inwardly committed to awareness-tranquility, not neglecting jhāna, endowed with clear-seeing insight, and frequenting empty buildings. As you live enjoying aloofness, delighting in aloofness, inwardly committed to awareness-tranquility, not neglecting jhāna, endowed with clear-seeing insight, and frequenting empty buildings, then one of two fruits can be expected: either gnosis right in the here-&-now, or–if there be any remnant of clinging-sustenance–non-return.” |
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♦ “ye santacittā nipakā, |
Those with calm minds– |
satimanto ca VAR jhāyino. |
masterful, |
♦ sammā dhammaṃ vipassanti, |
mindful, |
kāmesu anapekkhino. |
absorbed in jhāna– |
♦ “appamādaratā santā, |
clearly see Dhamma rightly, |
pamāde bhayadassino. |
not intent on sensual pleasures. |
♦ abhabbā parihānāya, |
Delighting in heedfulness, |
nibbānasseva santike”ti. |
calm, |
♦ ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, |
seeing danger in heedlessness, they |
iti me sutanti. aṭṭhamaṃ. |
–incapable of falling away– |
| are right in the presence of Unbinding. | |
♦ “jāgaro cassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vihareyya sato sampajāno samāhito pamudito vippasanno ca tattha kālavipassī ca kusalesu dhammesu. jāgarassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno viharato satassa sampajānassa samāhitassa pamuditassa vippasannassa tattha kālavipassino kusalesu dhammesu dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ — diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā”ti. etamatthaṃ bhagavā avoca. tatthetaṃ iti vuccati — |
“Monks, a monk should be wakeful: mindful, alert, centered, sensitive, clear, & calm. And there he should, at the appropriate times, see clearly into skillful mental qualities. For a monk who is wakeful–mindful, alert, centered, sensitive, clear, & calm, seeing clearly, at the appropriate times, into skillful mental qualities–one of two fruits can be expected: either gnosis right in the here-&-now, or–if there be any remnant of clinging-sustenance–non-return.” |
♦ “yassa sakkariya-mānassa, |
when offerings (or respect) [are received], |
a-sakkārena c’-ūbhayaṃ. |
(when) no-offerings [are received], in-both [cases], |
♦ samādhi na vikampati, |
Undistractable-lucidity [does] not waver; |
appamāda-vihārino . |
(he is an) Assiduous-practitioner. |
♦ “taṃ jhāyinaṃ sātatikaṃ, |
that Jhāna (he is) continually [absorbed in], |
sukhumaṃ diṭṭhi-vi-passakaṃ . |
subtle (in) view-&-clear-seeing, |
♦ upādānak-khay’-ā-rāmaṃ, |
Clinging-destroyed;--abundantly-relishing (that), |
āhu sap-puriso itī”ti. |
(that is) called (a) man-of-integrity. |
♦ ayampi attho vutto bhagavatā, |
(this was spoken (by) the-blessed-one,) |
iti me sutanti. |
(thus I heard.) |
♦ “dhīrā ca pajjotakarā bhavanti, |
But the enlightened are makers of light. |
taṃ taṃ ahaṃ vīra VAR tatheva maññe. |
Thus I think you’re that, enlightened one. |
♦ vipassinaṃ jānamupāgamumhā VAR, |
We have come to one who knows through clear-seeing. |
parisāsu no āvikarohi kappaṃ. |
Make Kappa shine in our assembly. |
♦ “ākiñcañña-sambhavaṃ ñatvā, |
Nothingness’s-origin: having-known (that) |
nandī saṃyojanaṃ iti. |
delight’s fetter it (is). |
♦ evametaṃ abhiññāya, |
With-that direct-knowing, |
tato tattha vi-passati. |
right there (he) clearly-sees. |
♦ etaṃ VAR ñāṇaṃ tathaṃ tassa, |
that knowledge, genuine, (is) his, |
brāhmaṇassa vusīmato”ti. |
(the) brahman (who has) lived-to-fulfillment. |
Yathādhimuttā sappaññā, |
how dedicated were those wise ones, |
vihariṃsu atanditā. |
as they meditated tirelessly. |
Tattha tattha vipassitvā, |
Clearly seeing in every case, |
phusitvā accutaṃ padaṃ; |
they reached the imperishable state. |
Pañcaṅgikena turiyena, |
Even the music of a five-piece band |
Na ratī hoti tādisī; |
can never give such pleasure |
Yathā ekaggacittassa, |
as when, with unified mind, |
Sammā dhammaṃ vipassato”ti. |
you rightly discern the Dhamma. |
Ajjhattañca pajānāti, |
Understanding what’s inside, |
bahiddhā ca vipassati; |
and seeing what’s outside, |
Anāvaraṇadassāvī, |
seeing without obstacles, |
na so ghosena vuyhatī”ti. |
they don’t get carried away by a voice. |
Yeneva maggena gato vipassī, |
Gotama traveled by that straight road; |
Yeneva maggena sikhī ca vessabhū; |
the same path traveled by Vipassī, |
Samathaṃ anuyuñjeyya, |
They would be devoted to practicing |
kālena ca vipassanaṃ. |
serenity and discernment at the right time. |
Vīriyasātaccasampanno, |
Though endowed with energy and perseverance, |
yuttayogo sadā siyā; |
and always devoted to meditation, |
♦ “taṃ jhāyinaṃ sātatikaṃ, |
Doing jhāna always, |
sukhumadiṭṭhivipassakaṃ. |
having subtle insight into subtle views, |
♦ upādānakkhayārāmaṃ, |
delighting in the ending of clinging: |
āhu sappuriso iti. |
He’s called a man of integrity. |
Na pañcaṅgikena turiyena, |
“Even the music of a five-piece band |
Rati me hoti tādisī; |
can never give such pleasure |
Yathā ekaggacittassa, |
as when, with unified mind, |
Sammā dhammaṃ vipassato. |
you rightly discern the Dhamma.” |
“Kadā nuhaṃ pabbatakandarāsu, |
Oh, when will I stay in a mountain cave, |
Ekākiyo addutiyo vihassaṃ; |
alone, with no companion, |
Aniccato sabbabhavaṃ vipassaṃ, |
discerning all states of existence as impermanent? |
Taṃ me idaṃ taṃ nu kadā bhavissati. |
This hope of mine, when will it be? |
Kadā aniccaṃ vadharoganīḷaṃ, |
Oh, when will I stay alone in the wood, |
Kāyaṃ imaṃ maccujarāyupaddutaṃ; |
fearless, discerning this body as impermanent, |
Vipassamāno vītabhayo vihassaṃ, |
a nest of death and disease, |
Eko vane taṃ nu kadā bhavissati. |
oppressed by death and old age; when will it be? |
‘Aniccaṃ dukkhanti vipassa yoniso, |
“Properly discern that impermanence is suffering, |
Suññaṃ anattāti aghaṃ vadhanti ca; |
that emptiness is non-self, and that misery is death. |
Manovicāre uparundha cetaso’, |
Uproot the wandering mind!” |
Itissu maṃ citta pure niyuñjasi. |
So you used to urge me, mind. |
8. Somātherīgāthā |
3.8. Somā |
“Yaṃ taṃ isīhi pattabbaṃ, |
“That state’s very challenging; |
ṭhānaṃ durabhisambhavaṃ; |
it’s for the sages to attain. |
Na taṃ dvaṅgulapaññāya, |
It’s not possible for a woman, |
sakkā pappotumitthiyā”. |
with her two-fingered wisdom.” |
“Itthibhāvo no kiṃ kayirā, |
“What difference does womanhood make |
cittamhi su-samāhite; |
when the mind is well established in undisctractible lucidity [samādhi], |
Ñāṇamhi vattamānamhi, |
and knowledge is present |
sammā dhammaṃ vipassato. |
as you rightly discern the Dhamma. |
Sabbattha vihatā nandī, |
Relishing is destroyed in every respect, |
Tamokhandho padālito; |
and the mass of darkness is shattered. |
Evaṃ jānāhi pāpima, |
So know this, Wicked One: |
Nihato tvamasi antakā”ti. |
you’re beaten, terminator!” |
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