|
(derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) |
（选自B. Sujato 2018/12） |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
我曾这样听说。 |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena sālā nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. |
At one time the Buddha was wandering in the land of the Kosalans together with a large Saṅgha of monks when he arrived at a village of the Kosalan brahmins named Sālā. |
有一次，佛陀与一大群比丘僧团在憍萨罗国游化，到达了一个名叫萨拉的憍萨罗婆罗门村。 |
| Assosuṃ kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā: |
The brahmins and householders of Sālā heard: |
萨拉的婆罗门和居士们听说： |
| “samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ sālaṃ anuppatto. |
“It seems the ascetic Gotama—a Sakyan, gone forth from a Sakyan family—wandering in the land of the Kosalans has arrived at Sālā, together with a large Saṅgha of monks. |
“看来乔达摩沙门——一位释迦族人，从释迦族出家——正在憍萨罗国游化，带着一大群比丘僧团来到了萨拉。 |
| Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato: |
He has this good reputation: |
他有这样的好名声： |
| ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. |
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’ |
‘那位世尊是阿罗汉，一位完全觉悟的佛陀，明行具足，善逝，世间解，无上士，调御丈夫，天人师，佛，世尊。’ |
| So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. |
He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras and Brahmās, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others. |
他凭自己的洞察力证悟了这个世界——包括天神、魔罗、梵天，以及沙门、婆罗门、天神和人类——并将其告知他人。 |
| So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. |
He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure. |
他教导的佛法初善、中善、后善，义理深远，措辞精妙。他揭示了一种完全圆满纯净的精神修习。 |
| Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī”ti. |
It’s good to see such perfected ones.” |
见到这样的阿罗汉是很好的。” |
| Atha kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho sāleyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca: |
Then the brahmins and householders of Sālā went up to the Buddha. Before sitting down to one side, some bowed, some exchanged greetings and polite conversation, some held up their joined palms toward the Buddha, some announced their name and clan, while some kept silent. The Buddha said to them: |
然后萨拉的婆罗门和居士们去见佛陀。在坐在一旁之前，有些人鞠躬，有些人交换了问候和客套话，有些人向佛陀合十，有些人报上自己的姓名和氏族，而有些人则保持沉默。佛陀对他们说： |
| Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
There are some ascetics and brahmins who have this doctrine and view: |
有一些沙门和婆罗门有这样的教义和观点： |
| ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ; natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko; natthi mātā, natthi pitā; natthi sattā opapātikā; natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. |
‘There’s no meaning in giving, sacrifice, or offerings. There’s no fruit or result of good and bad deeds. There’s no afterlife. There’s no obligation to mother and father. No beings are reborn spontaneously. And there’s no ascetic or brahmin who is well attained and practiced, and who describes the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’ |
‘布施、祭祀、供养都没有意义。善恶业没有果报。没有来世。对父母没有义务。没有众生是自然出生的。也没有沙门或婆罗门是善证、善行的，他们凭自己的洞察力描述来世。’ |
| Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. |
And there are some ascetics and brahmins whose doctrine directly contradicts this. |
还有一些沙门和婆罗门的教义与此直接相反。 |
| Te evamāhaṃsu: |
They say: |
他们说： |
| ‘atthi dinnaṃ, atthi yiṭṭhaṃ, atthi hutaṃ; atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko; atthi ayaṃ loko, atthi paro loko; atthi mātā, atthi pitā; atthi sattā opapātikā; atthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. |
‘There is meaning in giving, sacrifice, and offerings. There are fruits and results of good and bad deeds. There is an afterlife. There is obligation to mother and father. There are beings reborn spontaneously. And there are ascetics and brahmins who are well attained and practiced, and who describe the afterlife after realizing it with their own insight.’ |
‘布施、祭祀、供养都有意义。善恶业有果报。有来世。对父母有义务。有众生是自然出生的。也有沙门或婆罗门是善证、善行的，他们凭自己的洞察力描述来世。’ |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo: |
What do you think, householders? |
居士们，你们觉得怎么样？ |
| ‘nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’”ti? |
Don’t these doctrines directly contradict each other?” |
这些教义是不是直接矛盾的？” |
| “Evaṃ, bhante”. |
“Yes, sir.” |
“是的，先生。” |
| “Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
“Since this is so, consider those ascetics and brahmins whose view is that |
“既然如此，请考虑那些沙门和婆罗门，他们的观点是 |
| ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ … pe … ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti |
there’s no meaning in giving, etc. |
布施等都没有意义。 |
| tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ—yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ—ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ—ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. |
You can expect that they will reject good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, and undertake and implement bad conduct by way of body, speech, and mind. |
你可以预料到，他们会拒绝身体、言语和思想上的善行，并实行身体、言语和思想上的恶行。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. |
Because those ascetics and brahmins don’t see that unskillful Dharmas are full of drawbacks, depravity, and corruption, or that skillful Dharmas have the benefit and cleansing power of renunciation. |
因为那些沙门和婆罗门看不到不善法充满了缺点、堕落和腐败，也看不到善法具有出离的益处和净化力量。 |
| Santaṃyeva pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. |
Moreover, since there actually is another world, their view that there is no other world is wrong view. |
此外，既然确实有另一个世界，他们认为没有另一个世界的观点是错误的。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. |
Since there actually is another world, their thought that there is no other world is wrong thought. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们认为没有另一个世界的想法是错误的。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. |
Since there actually is another world, their speech that there is no other world is wrong speech. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们说没有另一个世界的言语是错误的。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. |
Since there actually is another world, in saying that there is no other world they contradict those perfected ones who know the other world. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们说没有另一个世界就与那些知道另一个世界的阿罗汉相矛盾。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. |
Since there actually is another world, in convincing another that there is no other world they are convincing them to accept an untrue Dharma. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们说服别人相信没有另一个世界就是说服他们接受一个不真实的佛法。 |
| Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. |
And on account of that they glorify themselves and put others down. |
因此他们赞美自己，贬低他人。 |
| Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ— |
So they give up their former ethical conduct and are established in unethical conduct. |
所以他们放弃了以前的道德行为，并安住于不道德行为。 |
| ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā. |
And that is how wrong view gives rise to these many bad, unskillful Dharmas—wrong view, wrong thought, wrong speech, contradicting the noble ones, convincing others to accept untrue Dharmas, and glorifying oneself and putting others down. |
这就是邪见如何导致这些许多恶劣、不善的佛法——邪见、邪思、邪语、与圣者相矛盾、说服他人接受不真实的佛法，以及赞美自己和贬低他人。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati: |
A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: |
一个明智的人这样反思这个问题： |
| ‘sace kho natthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; |
‘If there is no other world, when this individual’s body breaks up they will keep themselves safe. |
‘如果没有另一个世界，当这个人的身体散坏时，他们会保护自己。 |
| sace kho atthi paro loko, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. |
And if there is another world, when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
如果有一个另一个世界，当他们的身体散坏，死后，他们将投生到恶趣、恶道、地狱。 |
| Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; |
But let’s assume that those who say that there is no other world are correct. |
但让我们假设那些说没有另一个世界的人是正确的。 |
| atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho—dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi natthikavādo’ti. |
Regardless, that individual is still criticized by sensible people in the present life as being an immoral individual of wrong view, a nihilist.’ |
无论如何，这个人仍然在今生受到明智之人的批评，认为他们是一个邪见的不道德之人，一个虚无主义者。’ |
| Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho— |
But if there really is another world, they lose on both counts. |
但是如果真的有另一个世界，他们就两头都输了。 |
| yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. |
For they are criticized by sensible people in the present life, and when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
因为他们在今生受到明智之人的批评，当他们的身体散坏，死后，他们将投生到恶趣、恶道、地狱。 |
| Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ. |
They have wrongly undertaken this guaranteed Dharma in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of one side only, leaving out the skillful premise. |
他们错误地承担了这个有保障的佛法，以至于它只包含了其中一方的积极结果，而忽略了善巧的前提。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
Since this is so, consider those ascetics and brahmins whose view is that |
既然如此，请考虑那些沙门和婆罗门，他们的观点是 |
| ‘atthi dinnaṃ … pe … ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti |
there is meaning in giving, etc. |
布施等有意义。 |
| tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ—yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ—ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ—ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. |
You can expect that they will reject bad conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, and undertake and implement good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind. |
你可以预料到，他们会拒绝身体、言语和思想上的恶行，并实行身体、言语和思想上的善行。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṅkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. |
Because those ascetics and brahmins see that unskillful Dharmas are full of drawbacks, depravity, and corruption, and that skillful Dharmas have the benefit and cleansing power of renunciation. |
因为那些沙门和婆罗门看到不善法充满了缺点、堕落和腐败，而且善法具有出离的益处和净化力量。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. |
Moreover, since there actually is another world, their view that there is another world is right view. |
此外，既然确实有另一个世界，他们认为有另一个世界的观点是正见。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. |
Since there actually is another world, their thought that there is another world is right thought. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们认为有另一个世界的想法是正思。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. |
Since there actually is another world, their speech that there is another world is right speech. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们说有另一个世界的言语是正语。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. |
Since there actually is another world, in saying that there is another world they don’t contradict those perfected ones who know the other world. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们说有另一个世界就不与那些知道另一个世界的阿罗汉相矛盾。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. |
Since there actually is another world, in convincing another that there is another world they are convincing them to accept a true Dharma. |
既然确实有另一个世界，他们说服别人相信有另一个世界就是说服他们接受一个真实的佛法。 |
| Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. |
And on account of that they don’t glorify themselves or put others down. |
因此他们不赞美自己，也不贬低他人。 |
| Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ— |
So they give up their former unethical conduct and are established in ethical conduct. |
所以他们放弃了以前的不道德行为，并安住于道德行为。 |
| ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā. |
And that is how right view gives rise to these many skillful Dharmas—right view, right thought, right speech, not contradicting the noble ones, convincing others to accept true Dharmas, and not glorifying oneself or putting others down. |
这就是正见如何导致这些许多善巧的佛法——正见、正思、正语、不与圣者相矛盾、说服他人接受真实的佛法，以及不赞美自己或贬低他人。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati: |
A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: |
一个明智的人这样反思这个问题： |
| ‘sace kho atthi paro loko, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. |
‘If there is another world, when this individual’s body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
‘如果有一个另一个世界，当这个人的身体散坏，死后，他们将投生到善趣、天界。 |
| Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; |
But let’s assume that those who say that there is no other world are correct. |
但让我们假设那些说没有另一个世界的人是正确的。 |
| atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso—sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi atthikavādo’ti. |
Regardless, that individual is still praised by sensible people in the present life as being a moral individual of right view, who affirms a positive Dharma.’ |
无论如何，这个人仍然在今生受到明智之人的赞扬，认为他们是一个有正见、肯定积极佛法的有道德之人。’ |
| Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho— |
So if there really is another world, they win on both counts. |
所以如果真的有另一个世界，他们就两头都赢了。 |
| yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. |
For they are praised by sensible people in the present life, and when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
因为他们在今生受到明智之人的赞扬，当他们的身体散坏，死后，他们将投生到善趣、天界。 |
| Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ. |
They have rightly undertaken this guaranteed Dharma in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of both sides, leaving out the unskillful premise. |
他们正确地承担了这个有保障的佛法，以至于它包含了双方的积极结果，而忽略了不善巧的前提。 |
| Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
There are some ascetics and brahmins who have this doctrine and view: |
有一些沙门和婆罗门有这样的教义和观点： |
| ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. |
‘The one who acts does nothing wrong when they punish, mutilate, torture, aggrieve, oppress, intimidate, or when they encourage others to do the same. They do nothing wrong when they kill, steal, break into houses, plunder wealth, steal from isolated buildings, commit highway robbery, commit adultery, and lie. |
‘行为者在惩罚、残害、折磨、悲伤、压迫、恐吓，或者鼓励他人做同样的事情时，没有做错任何事。他们在杀戮、偷窃、闯入房屋、掠夺财富、从偏僻建筑物偷窃、拦路抢劫、通奸和撒谎时，没有做错任何事。 |
| Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. |
If you were to reduce all the living creatures of this earth to one heap and mass of flesh with a razor-edged chakram, no evil comes of that, and no outcome of evil. |
如果你用锋利的轮盘把地球上所有的生物都变成一堆肉块，那也不会带来任何罪恶，也不会产生任何罪恶的后果。 |
| Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. |
If you were to go along the south bank of the Ganges killing, mutilating, and torturing, and encouraging others to do the same, no evil comes of that, and no outcome of evil. |
如果你沿着恒河南岸杀戮、残害和折磨，并鼓励他人做同样的事情，那也不会带来任何罪恶，也不会产生任何罪恶的后果。 |
| Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. |
If you were to go along the north bank of the Ganges giving and sacrificing and encouraging others to do the same, no merit comes of that, and no outcome of merit. |
如果你沿着恒河北岸布施和祭祀，并鼓励他人做同样的事情，那也不会带来任何功德，也不会产生任何功德的后果。 |
| Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti. |
In giving, self-control, restraint, and truthfulness there is no merit or outcome of merit.’ |
在布施、自制、节制和诚实中，没有功德，也没有功德的后果。’ |
| Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā te evamāhaṃsu: |
And there are some ascetics and brahmins whose doctrine directly contradicts this. They say: |
还有一些沙门和婆罗门的教义与此直接相反。他们说： |
| ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. |
‘The one who acts does a bad deed when they punish, mutilate, torture, aggrieve, oppress, intimidate, or when they encourage others to do the same. They do a bad deed when they kill, steal, break into houses, plunder wealth, steal from isolated buildings, commit highway robbery, commit adultery, and lie. |
‘行为者在惩罚、残害、折磨、悲伤、压迫、恐吓，或者鼓励他人做同样的事情时，做了坏事。他们在杀戮、偷窃、闯入房屋、掠夺财富、从偏僻建筑物偷窃、拦路抢劫、通奸和撒谎时，做了坏事。 |
| Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. |
If you were to reduce all the living creatures of this earth to one heap and mass of flesh with a razor-edged chakram, evil comes of that, and an outcome of evil. |
如果你用锋利的轮盘把地球上所有的生物都变成一堆肉块，那会带来罪恶，也会产生罪恶的后果。 |
| Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. |
If you were to go along the south bank of the Ganges killing, mutilating, and torturing, and encouraging others to do the same, evil comes of that, and an outcome of evil. |
如果你沿着恒河南岸杀戮、残害和折磨，并鼓励他人做同样的事情，那会带来罪恶，也会产生罪恶的后果。 |
| Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. |
If you were to go along the north bank of the Ganges giving and sacrificing and encouraging others to do the same, merit comes of that, and an outcome of merit. |
如果你沿着恒河北岸布施和祭祀，并鼓励他人做同样的事情，那会带来功德，也会产生功德的后果。 |
| Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti. |
In giving, self-control, restraint, and truthfulness there is merit and outcome of merit.’ |
在布施、自制、节制和诚实中，有功德，也有功德的后果。’ |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, |
What do you think, householders? |
居士们，你们觉得怎么样？ |
| nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā”ti? |
Don’t these doctrines directly contradict each other?” |
这些教义是不是直接矛盾的？” |
| “Evaṃ, bhante”. |
“Yes, sir.” |
“是的，先生。” |
| “Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
“Since this is so, consider those ascetics and brahmins whose view is that |
“既然如此，请考虑那些沙门和婆罗门，他们的观点是 |
| ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. |
the one who acts does nothing wrong when they punish, etc. |
行为者在惩罚等方面没有做错任何事。 |
| Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. |
|
|
| Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento … pe … dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti |
|
|
| tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ—yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ—ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ—ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. |
You can expect that they will reject good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, and undertake and implement bad conduct by way of body, speech, and mind. |
你可以预料到，他们会拒绝身体、言语和思想上的善行，并实行身体、言语和思想上的恶行。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么呢？ |
| Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṅkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. |
Because those ascetics and brahmins don’t see that unskillful Dharmas are full of drawbacks, depravity, and corruption, or that skillful Dharmas have the benefit and cleansing power of renunciation. |
因为那些沙门和婆罗门看不到不善法充满了缺点、堕落和腐败，也看不到善法具有出离的益处和净化力量。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. |
Moreover, since action actually does have an effect, their view that action is ineffective is wrong view. |
此外，既然行为确实有效果，他们认为行为无效的观点是错误的。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. |
Since action actually does have an effect, their thought that action is ineffective is wrong thought. |
既然行为确实有效果，他们认为行为无效的想法是错误的。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. |
Since action actually does have an effect, their speech that action is ineffective is wrong speech. |
既然行为确实有效果，他们说行为无效的言语是错误的。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti āha, ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. |
Since action actually does have an effect, in saying that action is ineffective they contradict those perfected ones who teach that action is effective. |
既然行为确实有效果，他们说行为无效就与那些教导行为有效的阿罗汉相矛盾。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. |
Since action actually does have an effect, in convincing another that action is ineffective they are convincing them to accept an untrue Dharma. |
既然行为确实有效果，他们说服别人相信行为无效就是说服他们接受一个不真实的佛法。 |
| Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. |
And on account of that they glorify themselves and put others down. |
因此他们赞美自己，贬低他人。 |
| Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ— |
So they give up their former ethical conduct and are established in unethical conduct. |
所以他们放弃了以前的道德行为，并安住于不道德行为。 |
| ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā. |
And that is how wrong view gives rise to these many bad, unskillful Dharmas—wrong view, wrong thought, wrong speech, contradicting the noble ones, convincing others to accept untrue Dharmas, and glorifying oneself and putting others down. |
这就是邪见如何导致这些许多恶劣、不善的佛法——邪见、邪思、邪语、与圣者相矛盾、说服他人接受不真实的佛法，以及赞美自己和贬低他人。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati: |
A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: |
一个明智的人这样反思这个问题： |
| ‘sace kho natthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; |
‘If there is no effective action, when this individual’s body breaks up they will keep themselves safe. |
‘如果没有任何有效的行为，当这个人的身体散坏时，他们会保护自己。 |
| sace kho atthi kiriyā evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. |
And if there is effective action, when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
如果存在有效的行为，当他们的身体散坏，死后，他们将投生到恶趣、恶道、地狱。 |
| Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; |
But let’s assume that those who say that there is no effective action are correct. |
但让我们假设那些说没有有效行为的人是正确的。 |
| atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho—dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi akiriyavādo’ti. |
Regardless, that individual is still criticized by sensible people in the present life as being an immoral individual of wrong view, one who denies the efficacy of action.’ |
无论如何，这个人仍然在今生受到明智之人的批评，认为他们是一个邪见的不道德之人，一个否认行为有效性的人。’ |
| Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho— |
But if there really is effective action, they lose on both counts. |
但是如果真的存在有效的行为，他们就两头都输了。 |
| yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. |
For they are criticized by sensible people in the present life, and when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
因为他们在今生受到明智之人的批评，当他们的身体散坏，死后，他们将投生到恶趣、恶道、地狱。 |
| Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ. |
They have wrongly undertaken this guaranteed Dharma in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of one side only, leaving out the skillful premise. |
他们错误地承担了这个有保障的佛法，以至于它只包含了其中一方的积极结果，而忽略了善巧的前提。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
Since this is so, consider those ascetics and brahmins whose view is that |
既然如此，请考虑那些沙门和婆罗门，他们的观点是 |
| ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. |
the one who acts does a bad deed when they punish, etc. |
行为者在惩罚等方面做了坏事。 |
| Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. |
|
|
| Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. |
|
|
| Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento, atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti |
|
|
| tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ—ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ—ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. |
You can expect that they will reject bad conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, and undertake and implement good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind. |
你可以预料到，他们会拒绝身体、言语和思想上的恶行，并实行身体、言语和思想上的善行。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么这么说？ |
| Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṅkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. |
Because those ascetics and brahmins see that unskillful Dharmas are full of drawbacks, depravity, and corruption, and that skillful Dharmas have the benefit and cleansing power of renunciation. |
因为那些苦行者和婆罗门看到不善法充满弊端、堕落和腐败，而善法具有出离的利益和净化力量。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. |
Moreover, since action actually does have an effect, their view that action is effective is right view. |
此外，既然行为确实有影响，他们认为行为有效力的观点是正见。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. |
Since action actually does have an effect, their thought that action is effective is right thought. |
既然行为确实有影响，他们认为行为有效的思想是正思。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. |
Since action actually does have an effect, their speech that action is effective is right speech. |
既然行为确实有影响，他们认为行为有效的言语是正语。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti āha; ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. |
Since action actually does have an effect, in saying that action is effective they don’t contradict those perfected ones who teach that action is effective. |
既然行为确实有影响，他们说行为有效力，这与那些教导行为有效力的圆满者不矛盾。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. |
Since action actually does have an effect, in convincing another that action is effective they are convincing them to accept a true Dharma. |
既然行为确实有影响，他们说服他人相信行为有效力，就是说服他们接受真实的佛法。 |
| Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. |
And on account of that they don’t glorify themselves or put others down. |
因此，他们不自吹自擂，也不贬低他人。 |
| Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ— |
So they give up their former unethical conduct and are established in ethical conduct. |
所以他们放弃了以前的不道德行为，建立了道德行为。 |
| ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā. |
And that is how right view gives rise to these many skillful Dharmas—right view, right thought, right speech, not contradicting the noble ones, convincing others to accept true Dharmas, and not glorifying oneself or putting others down. |
正见就是这样生起了这许多善法——正见、正思、正语、不与圣者相悖、说服他人接受真法、不自吹自擂也不贬低他人。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati: |
A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: |
一个明智的人会这样思考这个问题： |
| ‘sace kho atthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. |
‘If there is effective action, when this individual’s body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
“如果行动有效，那么当这个人的身体坏灭，死后，他将重生于善处，一个天界。 |
| Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; |
But let’s assume that those who say that there is no effective action are correct. |
但我们假设那些说行动无效的人是正确的。 |
| atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso—sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi kiriyavādo’ti. |
Regardless, that individual is still praised by sensible people in the present life as being a moral individual of right view, who affirms the efficacy of action.’ |
无论如何，这个人仍然在今生受到明智之人的称赞，认为他是一个有道德、有正见、肯定行动效力的人。” |
| Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho— |
So if there really is effective action, they win on both counts. |
所以如果行动真的有效，他两方面都赢了。 |
| yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. |
For they are praised by sensible people in the present life, and when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
因为他在今生受到明智之人的称赞，而且当他的身体坏灭，死后，他将重生于善处，一个天界。 |
| Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ. |
They have rightly undertaken this guaranteed Dharma in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of both sides, leaving out the unskillful premise. |
他们正确地承担了这种有保障的佛法，使其涵盖了双方的积极结果，排除了不善的前提。 |
| Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
There are some ascetics and brahmins who have this doctrine and view: |
有些苦行者和婆罗门持有这种学说和观点： |
| ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; |
‘There is no cause or condition for the corruption of sentient beings. |
“众生堕落没有原因或条件。 |
| ahetū appaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti. |
Sentient beings are corrupted without cause or reason. |
众生无因无缘地堕落。 |
| Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; |
There’s no cause or condition for the purification of sentient beings. |
众生净化没有原因或条件。 |
| ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. |
Sentient beings are purified without cause or reason. |
众生无因无缘地净化。 |
| Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; |
There is no power, no energy, no manly strength or vigor. |
没有力量，没有能量，没有人的力量或活力。 |
| sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. |
All sentient beings, all living creatures, all beings, all souls lack control, power, and energy. Molded by destiny, circumstance, and nature, they experience pleasure and pain in the six classes of rebirth.’ |
所有众生，所有有情众生，所有生灵，所有灵魂都缺乏控制、力量和能量。他们被命运、境遇和本性塑造，在六道轮回中体验苦乐。” |
| Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. |
And there are some ascetics and brahmins whose doctrine directly contradicts this. |
还有一些苦行者和婆罗门，他们的学说直接与此相矛盾。 |
| Te evamāhaṃsu: |
They say: |
他们说： |
| ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; |
‘There is a cause and condition for the corruption of sentient beings. |
“众生堕落有原因和条件。 |
| sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti. |
Sentient beings are corrupted with cause and reason. |
众生有因有缘地堕落。 |
| Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; |
There is a cause and condition for the purification of sentient beings. |
众生净化有原因和条件。 |
| sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. |
Sentient beings are purified with cause and reason. |
众生有因有缘地净化。 |
| Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; |
There is power, energy, manly strength and vigor. |
有力量，有能量，有人的力量和活力。 |
| na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. |
It is not the case that all sentient beings, all living creatures, all beings, all souls lack control, power, and energy, or that, molded by destiny, circumstance, and nature, they experience pleasure and pain in the six classes of rebirth.’ |
并非所有众生，所有有情众生，所有生灵，所有灵魂都缺乏控制、力量和能量，也并非他们被命运、境遇和本性塑造，在六道轮回中体验苦乐。” |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, |
What do you think, householders? |
你们认为怎么样，居士们？ |
| nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā”ti? |
Don’t these doctrines directly contradict each other?” |
这些学说不是直接相互矛盾吗？” |
| “Evaṃ, bhante”. |
“Yes, sir.” |
“是的，先生。” |
| “Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
“Since this is so, consider those ascetics and brahmins whose view is that |
“既然如此，请看那些苦行者和婆罗门，他们的观点是 |
| ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṅkilesāya; |
there’s no cause or condition for the corruption of sentient beings, etc. |
众生堕落没有原因或条件，等等。 |
| ahetū appaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti. |
|
|
| Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; |
|
|
| ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. |
|
|
| Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti |
|
|
| tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ—yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ—ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ—ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. |
You can expect that they will reject good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, and undertake and implement bad conduct by way of body, speech, and mind. |
你可以预料，他们会拒绝身体、言语和意念上的善行，并实行身体、言语和意念上的恶行。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么这么说？ |
| Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṅkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. |
Because those ascetics and brahmins don’t see that unskillful Dharmas are full of drawbacks, depravity, and corruption, or that skillful Dharmas have the benefit and cleansing power of renunciation. |
因为那些苦行者和婆罗门没有看到不善法充满了弊端、堕落和腐败，也没有看到善法具有出离的益处和净化力量。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. |
Moreover, since there actually is causality, their view that there is no causality is wrong view. |
此外，既然确实存在因果关系，他们认为没有因果关系的观点是邪见。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. |
Since there actually is causality, their thought that there is no causality is wrong thought. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们认为没有因果关系的想法是邪思。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. |
Since there actually is causality, their speech that there is no causality is wrong speech. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们认为没有因果关系的言论是邪语。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti āha; ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. |
Since there actually is causality, in saying that there is no causality they contradict those perfected ones who teach that there is causality. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们说没有因果关系，这与那些教导因果关系的圆满者相矛盾。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. |
Since there actually is causality, in convincing another that there is no causality they are convincing them to accept an untrue Dharma. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们说服他人相信没有因果关系，就是说服他们接受不真实的佛法。 |
| Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. |
And on account of that they glorify themselves and put others down. |
因此，他们自吹自擂，贬低他人。 |
| Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ— |
So they give up their former ethical conduct and are established in unethical conduct. |
所以他们放弃了以前的道德行为，建立了不道德行为。 |
| ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attānukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā. |
And that is how wrong view gives rise to these many bad, unskillful Dharmas—wrong view, wrong thought, wrong speech, contradicting the noble ones, convincing others to accept untrue Dharmas, and glorifying oneself and putting others down. |
邪见就是这样生起了这许多不善、不善法——邪见、邪思、邪语、与圣者相悖、说服他人接受不真实的佛法、自吹自擂和贬低他人。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati: |
A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: |
一个明智的人会这样思考这个问题： |
| ‘sace kho natthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; |
‘If there is no causality, when this individual’s body breaks up they will keep themselves safe. |
‘如果不存在因果关系，那么当这个人的身体坏灭时，他们会保护自己。 |
| sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. |
And if there is causality, when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
而如果存在因果关系，那么当他们的身体坏灭，死后，他们将重生于恶趣，一个恶处，地狱。 |
| Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; |
But let’s assume that those who say that there is no causality are correct. |
但我们假设那些说没有因果关系的人是正确的。 |
| atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho—dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi ahetukavādo’ti. |
Regardless, that individual is still criticized by sensible people in the present life as being an immoral individual of wrong view, one who denies causality.’ |
无论如何，那个人在今生仍然受到明智之人的批评，认为他是一个不道德的、持有邪见、否定因果关系的人。’ |
| Sace kho attheva hetu, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho— |
But if there really is causality, they lose on both counts. |
但是，如果真的存在因果关系，他们两方面都会输。 |
| yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. |
For they are criticized by sensible people in the present life, and when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
因为他们在今生受到明智之人的批评，而且当他们的身体坏灭，死后，他们将重生于恶趣，一个恶处，地狱。 |
| Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ. |
They have wrongly undertaken this guaranteed Dharma in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of one side only, leaving out the skillful premise. |
他们错误地承担了这种有保障的佛法，使其仅包含一方面的积极结果，而排除了善巧的前提。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
Since this is so, consider those ascetics and brahmins whose view is that |
既然如此，请看那些苦行者和婆罗门，他们的观点是 |
| ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṅkilesāya; |
there is a cause and condition for the corruption of sentient beings, etc. |
众生堕落有因有缘，等等。 |
| sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti. |
|
|
| Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; |
|
|
| sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. |
|
|
| Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti |
|
|
| tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ—yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ—ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ—ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. |
You can expect that they will reject bad conduct by way of body, speech, and mind, and undertake and implement good conduct by way of body, speech, and mind. |
你可以预料，他们会拒绝身体、言语和意念上的恶行，并实行身体、言语和意念上的善行。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么这么说？ |
| Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṅkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. |
Because those ascetics and brahmins see that unskillful Dharmas are full of drawbacks, depravity, and corruption, and that skillful Dharmas have the benefit and cleansing power of renunciation. |
因为那些苦行者和婆罗门看到不善法充满弊端、堕落和腐败，而善法具有出离的利益和净化力量。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. |
Moreover, since there actually is causality, their view that there is causality is right view. |
此外，既然确实存在因果关系，他们认为存在因果关系的观点是正见。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. |
Since there actually is causality, their thought that there is causality is right thought. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们认为存在因果关系的思想是正思。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. |
Since there actually is causality, their speech that there is causality is right speech. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们认为存在因果关系的言语是正语。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti āha, ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. |
Since there actually is causality, in saying that there is causality they don’t contradict those perfected ones who teach that there is causality. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们说存在因果关系，这与那些教导存在因果关系的圆满者不矛盾。 |
| Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. |
Since there actually is causality, in convincing another that there is causality they are convincing them to accept a true Dharma. |
既然确实存在因果关系，他们说服他人相信存在因果关系，就是说服他们接受真实的佛法。 |
| Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. |
And on account of that they don’t glorify themselves or put others down. |
因此，他们不自吹自擂，也不贬低他人。 |
| Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ— |
So they give up their former unethical conduct and are established in ethical conduct. |
所以他们放弃了以前的不道德行为，建立了道德行为。 |
| ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā. |
And that is how right view gives rise to these many skillful Dharmas—right view, right thought, right speech, not contradicting the noble ones, convincing others to accept true Dharmas, and not glorifying oneself or putting others down. |
正见就是这样生起了这许多善法——正见、正思、正语、不与圣者相悖、说服他人接受真法、不自吹自擂也不贬低他人。 |
| Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati: ‘sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. |
A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: ‘If there is causality, when this individual’s body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
一个明智的人会这样思考这个问题：“如果存在因果关系，那么当这个人的身体坏灭，死后，他将重生于善处，一个天界。 |
| Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; |
But let’s assume that those who say that there is no causality are correct. |
但我们假设那些说没有因果关系的人是正确的。 |
| atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso—sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi hetuvādo’ti. |
Regardless, that individual is still praised by sensible people in the present life as being a moral individual of right view, who affirms causality.’ |
无论如何，这个人仍然在今生受到明智之人的称赞，认为他是一个有道德、有正见、肯定因果关系的人。” |
| Sace kho atthi hetu, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho— |
So if there really is causality, they win on both counts. |
所以如果真的存在因果关系，他两方面都赢了。 |
| yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. |
For they are praised by sensible people in the present life, and when their body breaks up, after death, they will be reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
因为他在今生受到明智之人的称赞，而且当他的身体坏灭，死后，他将重生于善处，一个天界。 |
| Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ. |
They have rightly undertaken this guaranteed Dharma in such a way that it encompasses the positive outcomes of both sides, leaving out the unskillful premise. |
他们正确地承担了这种有保障的佛法，使其涵盖了双方的积极结果，排除了不善的前提。 |
| “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati— |
“A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: |
一个明智的人会这样思考这个问题： |
| ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
‘Some ascetics and brahmins say that |
“有些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; |
there are no totally formless meditations, but I have not seen that. |
没有完全无形的禅定，但我没有见过。 |
| yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
Some ascetics and brahmins say that |
有些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. |
there are totally formless meditations, but I have not known that. |
存在完全无形的禅定，但我没有体验过。 |
| Ahañceva kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ— |
Without knowing or seeing, it would not be appropriate for me to take one side and declare: |
在不知道或没有见过的情况下，我不适合偏袒一方并宣称： |
| idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. |
“This is the only truth, other ideas are stupid.” |
“这是唯一的真理，其他观点都是愚蠢的。” |
| Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
If those ascetics and brahmins who say that |
如果那些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati— |
there are no totally formless meditations are correct, it is possible |
没有完全无形的禅定是正确的，那么 |
| ye te devā rūpino manomayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. |
that I will be guaranteed rebirth among the gods who possess form and made of mind. |
我有可能投生到有形、意生身的天神之中。 |
| Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
If those ascetics and brahmins who say that |
如果那些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati— |
there are totally formless meditations are correct, it is possible |
存在完全无形的禅定是正确的，那么 |
| ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. |
that I will be guaranteed rebirth among the gods who are formless and made of perception. |
我有可能投生到无形、想生身的天神之中。 |
| Dissanti kho pana rūpādhikaraṇaṃ daṇḍādānasatthādānakalahaviggahavivādatuvaṃtuvaṃpesuññamusāvādā. |
Now, owing to form, bad things are seen: taking up the rod and the sword, quarrels, arguments, and fights, accusations, divisive speech, and lies. |
现在，由于有形，看到了许多不好的事情：拿起棍棒和刀剑，争吵、辩论和打斗，指责、离间语和谎言。 |
| ‘Natthi kho panetaṃ sabbaso arūpe’ti. |
But those things don’t exist where it is totally formless.’ |
但这些事情在完全无形的地方是不存在的。” |
| So iti paṭisaṅkhāya rūpānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. |
Reflecting like this, they simply practice for disenchantment, dispassion, and cessation regarding forms. |
这样反思之后，他们只是为了厌离、离欲和寂灭形色而修行。 |
| “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati— |
“A sensible person reflects on this matter in this way: |
一个明智的人会这样思考这个问题： |
| ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
‘Some ascetics and brahmins say that |
“有些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; |
there is no such thing as the total cessation of future lives, but I have not seen that. |
不存在未来生命完全止息这种事，但我没有见过。 |
| yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
Some ascetics and brahmins say that |
有些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. |
there is such a thing as the total cessation of future lives, but I have not known that. |
存在未来生命完全止息这种事，但我没有体验过。 |
| Ahañceva kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ— |
Without knowing or seeing, it would not be appropriate for me to take one side and declare: |
在不知道或没有见过的情况下，我不适合偏袒一方并宣称： |
| idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. |
“This is the only truth, other ideas are stupid.” |
“这是唯一的真理，其他观点都是愚蠢的。” |
| Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
If those ascetics and brahmins who say that |
如果那些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati— |
there is no such thing as the total cessation of future lives are correct, it is possible |
不存在未来生命完全止息这种事是正确的，那么 |
| ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. |
that I will be guaranteed rebirth among the gods who are formless and made of perception. |
我有可能投生到无形、想生身的天神之中。 |
| Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
If those ascetics and brahmins who say that |
如果那些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati— |
there is such a thing as the total cessation of future lives are correct, it is possible |
存在未来生命完全止息这种事是正确的，那么 |
| yaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyissāmi. |
that I will be nirvana'd in the present life. |
我有可能在今生就证得涅槃。 |
| Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
The view of those ascetics and brahmins who say that |
那些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi sārāgāya santike, saṃyogāya santike, abhinandanāya santike, ajjhosānāya santike, upādānāya santike. |
there is no such thing as the total cessation of future lives is close to greed, approving, attachment, and grasping. |
不存在未来生命完全止息这种事的观点，接近于贪婪、赞同、执着和抓取。 |
| Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino: |
The view of those ascetics and brahmins who say that |
那些苦行者和婆罗门说 |
| ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi asārāgāya santike, asaṃyogāya santike, anabhinandanāya santike, anajjhosānāya santike, anupādānāya santiketi. |
there is such a thing as the total cessation of future lives is close to non-greed, non-approving, non-attachment, and non-grasping.’ |
存在未来生命完全止息这种事的观点，接近于无贪、不赞同、不执着和不抓取。” |
| So iti paṭisaṅkhāya bhavānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti. |
Reflecting like this, they simply practice for disenchantment, dispassion, and cessation regarding future lives. |
这样反思之后，他们只是为了厌离、离欲和止息未来生命而修行。 |
| Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
One person mortifies themselves, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves. |
一种人折磨自己，致力于折磨自己的修行。 |
| Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
One person mortifies others, committed to the practice of mortifying others. |
一种人折磨他人，致力于折磨他人的修行。 |
| Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
One person mortifies themselves and others, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves and others. |
一种人折磨自己和他人，致力于折磨自己和他人的修行。 |
| Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo nevattantapo hoti nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; |
One person doesn’t mortify either themselves or others, committed to the practice of not mortifying themselves or others. |
一种人既不折磨自己也不折磨他人，致力于不折磨自己也不折磨他人的修行。 |
| so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati. |
They live without wishes in the present life, nirvana'd, cooled, experiencing pleasure, having become holy in themselves. |
他们今生无欲，涅槃，寂静，体验快乐，自身已成圣。 |
| Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? |
And what person mortifies themselves, committed to the practice of mortifying themselves? |
那么，什么是折磨自己，致力于折磨自己的修行者呢？ |
| Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo acelako hoti muttācāro hatthāpalekhano … pe … |
It’s when someone goes naked, ignoring conventions. … |
就是有人赤身裸体，不顾习俗…… |
| iti evarūpaṃ anekavihitaṃ kāyassa ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. |
And so they live committed to practicing these various ways of mortifying and tormenting the body. |
他们就这样致力于修行各种折磨和苦待身体的方式。 |
| Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. |
This is called a person who mortifies themselves, being committed to the practice of mortifying themselves. |
这被称为折磨自己，致力于折磨自己的修行者。 |
| Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; |
And what person doesn’t mortify either themselves or others, committed to the practice of not mortifying themselves or others, |
那么，什么人既不折磨自己也不折磨他人，致力于不折磨自己也不折磨他人的修行， |
| so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati? |
living without wishes in the present life, nirvana'd, cooled, experiencing pleasure, having become holy in themselves? |
今生无欲，涅槃，寂静，体验快乐，自身已成圣呢？ |
| Idha, gahapatayo, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho … |
It’s when a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha … |
就是有位如来出现于世，圆满，完全觉醒的佛陀…… |
| pe … |
A householder hears that Dharma, or a householder’s child, or someone reborn in some good family. … |
一位居士听到佛法，或一位居士的孩子，或投生在某个善家的人…… |
| so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe |
They give up these five hindrances, corruptions of the heart that weaken wisdom. |
他们放弃了这五种障碍，这些是削弱智慧的心垢。 |
| vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. |
Then, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful Dharmas, they enter and remain in the first jhāna … |
然后，远离感官享乐，远离不善法，他们进入并安住于初禅…… |
| Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ … pe … |
second jhāna … |
二禅…… |
| tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ … pe … |
third jhāna … |
三禅…… |
| catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. |
fourth jhāna. |
四禅。 |
| So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. |
When their mind has become undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi like this—purified, bright, spotless, rid of taints, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—they extend it toward recollection of past lives. … |
当他的心像这样在禅定中变得不散乱且清晰——纯净、明亮、无瑕、去除污垢、柔顺、易用、稳定、不动摇——他将它导向回忆过去生。 |
| So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati seyyathidaṃ—ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo … pe … iti sākāraṃ sauddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. |
They recollect their many kinds of past lives, with features and details. |
他回忆起许多种类的过去生，带有特征和细节。 |
| So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. |
When their mind has become undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi like this—purified, bright, spotless, rid of taints, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—they extend it toward knowledge of the death and rebirth of sentient beings. |
当他的心像这样在禅定中变得不散乱且清晰——纯净、明亮、无瑕、去除污垢、柔顺、易用、稳定、不动摇——他将它导向了知众生生死。 |
| So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate … pe … yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. |
With clairvoyance that is purified and superhuman, they see sentient beings passing away and being reborn—inferior and superior, beautiful and ugly, in a good place or a bad place. … They understand how sentient beings are reborn according to their deeds. |
他以清净超人的天眼通，看见众生死亡和再生——劣等和优等，美丑，在善处或恶处。 |
| So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. |
When their mind has become undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi like this—purified, bright, spotless, rid of taints, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—they extend it toward knowledge of the ending of defilements. |
他了知众生如何根据他们的业力再生。 |
| So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti … pe … |
They truly understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering’. |
当他的心像这样在禅定中变得不散乱且清晰——纯净、明亮、无瑕、去除污垢、柔顺、易用、稳定、不动摇——他将它导向了知烦恼的止息。 |
| ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. |
They truly understand: ‘These are defilements’ … ‘This is the origin of defilements’ … ‘This is the cessation of defilements’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of defilements’. |
他真实了知：“这是苦”……“这是苦的起源”……“这是苦的止息”……“这是导向苦止息的修行”。 |
| Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. |
Knowing and seeing like this, their mind is freed from the defilements of sensuality, desire to be reborn, and ignorance. |
他真实了知：“这些是烦恼”……“这是烦恼的起源”……“这是烦恼的止息”……“这是导向烦恼止息的修行”。 |
| Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. |
When they’re freed, they know they’re freed. |
这样了知和看见后，他的心从感官享乐、再生欲望和无明的烦恼中解脱。 |
| ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. |
They understand: ‘Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is no return to any state of existence.’ |
当他们解脱时，他们知道自己解脱了。 |
| Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; |
This is called a person who neither mortifies themselves or others, being committed to the practice of not mortifying themselves or others. |
他们了知：“再生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不再回到任何生存状态。” |
| so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharatī”ti. |
They live without wishes in the present life, nirvana'd, cooled, experiencing pleasure, having become holy in themselves.” |
这被称为既不折磨自己也不折磨他人，致力于不折磨自己也不折磨他人的修行者。 |
|
|
他们今生无欲，涅槃，寂静，体验快乐，自身已成圣。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ: |
When he had spoken, the brahmins and householders of Sālā said to the Buddha: |
佛陀说完后，萨拉的婆罗门和居士们对佛陀说： |
| “abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama. |
“Excellent, Master Gotama! Excellent! |
“太好了，乔达摩大师！太好了！ |
| Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. |
As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with good eyes can see what’s there, Master Gotama has made The Dharma clear in many ways. |
就像扶正翻倒的，揭示隐藏的，指出迷失者的道路，或者在黑暗中点亮一盏灯，让明眼人看到存在的东西一样，乔达摩大师以多种方式阐明了佛法。 |
| Ete mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. |
We go for refuge to Master Gotama, to The Dharma, and to the monk Saṅgha. |
我们皈依乔达摩大师，皈依佛法，皈依僧伽。 |
| Upāsake no bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gate”ti. |
From this day forth, may Master Gotama remember us as lay followers who have gone for refuge for life.” |
从今天起，愿乔达摩大师记住我们是终身皈依的在家信徒。” |
