| “Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, bālassa bālalakkhaṇāni bālanimittāni bālāpadānāni. |
“These are the three characteristics, signs, and manifestations of a fool. |
“这是愚者的三个特征、标志和表现。 |
| Katamāni tīṇi? |
What three? |
哪三个？ |
| Idha, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca. |
A fool thinks poorly, speaks poorly, and acts poorly. |
愚者思想贫乏，言语贫乏，行为贫乏。 |
| No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca abhavissa dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca kena naṃ paṇḍitā jāneyyuṃ: |
If a fool didn’t think poorly, speak poorly, and act poorly, then how would the astute know of them: |
如果愚者思想不贫乏，言语不贫乏，行为不贫乏，那么聪明人怎么会知道他们： |
| ‘bālo ayaṃ bhavaṃ asappuriso’ti? |
‘This fellow is a fool, a bad person’? |
‘这个人是愚者，一个坏人’？ |
| Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca tasmā naṃ paṇḍitā jānanti: |
But since a fool does think poorly, speak poorly, and act poorly, then the astute do know of them: |
但由于愚者的思想、言语和行为确实贫乏，所以聪明人知道他们： |
| ‘bālo ayaṃ bhavaṃ asappuriso’ti. |
‘This fellow is a fool, a bad person’. |
‘这个人是愚者，一个坏人’。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo tividhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
A fool experiences three kinds of suffering and sadness in the present life. |
愚者在今生经历三种痛苦和悲伤。 |
| Sace, bhikkhave, bālo sabhāyaṃ vā nisinno hoti, rathikāya vā nisinno hoti, siṅghāṭake vā nisinno hoti; |
Suppose a fool is sitting in a council hall, a street, or a crossroad, |
假设一个愚者坐在议事厅、街道或十字路口， |
| tatra ce jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti. |
where people are discussing what is proper and appropriate. |
人们正在那里讨论什么是合适和恰当的。 |
| Sace, bhikkhave, bālo pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī hoti. |
And suppose that fool is someone who kills living creatures, steals, commits sexual misconduct, lies, and uses alcoholic drinks that cause negligence. |
而假设那个愚者是一个杀生、偷盗、犯邪淫、说谎、饮用导致放逸的酒精饮料的人。 |
| Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti: |
Then that fool thinks: |
那么那个愚者就会想： |
| ‘yaṃ kho jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti, |
‘These people are discussing what is proper and appropriate. |
‘这些人正在讨论什么是合适和恰当的。 |
| saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. |
But those things are found in me and I am seen in them!’ |
但这些事情在我身上都能找到，我被视为其中之一！’ |
| Idaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
This is the first kind of suffering and sadness that a fool experiences in the present life. |
这是愚者在今生经历的第一种痛苦和悲伤。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo passati rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente— |
Furthermore, a fool sees that the kings have arrested a bandit, a criminal, and subjected them to various punishments— |
此外，愚者看到国王逮捕了一个强盗、一个罪犯，并对他们施加了各种惩罚—— |
| kasāhipi tāḷente vettehipi tāḷente addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente hatthampi chindante pādampi chindante hatthapādampi chindante kaṇṇampi chindante nāsampi chindante kaṇṇanāsampi chindante bilaṅgathālikampi karonte saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte rāhumukhampi karonte jotimālikampi karonte hatthapajjotikampi karonte erakavattikampi karonte cīrakavāsikampi karonte eṇeyyakampi karonte baḷisamaṃsikampi karonte kahāpaṇikampi karonte khārāpatacchikampi karonte palighaparivattikampi karonte palālapīṭhakampi karonte tattenapi telena osiñcante sunakhehipi khādāpente jīvantampi sūle uttāsente asināpi sīsaṃ chindante. |
whipping, caning, and clubbing; cutting off hands or feet, or both; cutting off ears or nose, or both; the ‘porridge pot’, the ‘shell-shave’, the ‘demon’s mouth’, the ‘garland of fire’, the ‘burning hand’, the ‘grass blades’, the ‘bark dress’, the ‘antelope’, the ‘meat hook’, the ‘coins’, the ‘acid pickle’, the ‘twisting bar’, the ‘straw mat’; being splashed with hot oil, being fed to the dogs, being impaled alive, and being beheaded. |
鞭打、杖打、棍棒击打；砍断手或脚，或两者兼施；砍断耳朵或鼻子，或两者兼施；“粥锅”、“贝壳剃”、“魔鬼之口”、“火花环”、“燃烧之手”、“草刀片”、“树皮衣”、“羚羊”、“肉钩”、“硬币”、“酸泡菜”、“扭曲棒”、“草席”；被热油泼溅，被喂狗，被活活刺穿，以及被斩首。 |
| Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti: |
Then that fool thinks: |
然后那个愚者想： |
| ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti— |
‘The kinds of deeds for which the kings inflict such punishments— |
‘国王施加这种惩罚的行为—— |
| kasāhipi tāḷenti … pe … asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti; |
|
|
| saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmi. |
those things are found in me and I am seen in them! |
那些事情在我身上都能找到，我被视为其中之一！ |
| Mañcepi rājāno jāneyyuṃ, mampi rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kāreyyuṃ— |
If the kings find out about me, they will inflict the same kinds of punishments on me!’ |
如果国王发现了我，他们也会对我施加同样的惩罚！’ |
| kasāhipi tāḷeyyuṃ … pe … jīvantampi sūle uttāseyyuṃ, asināpi sīsaṃ chindeyyun’ti. |
|
|
| Idampi, bhikkhave, bālo dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
This is the second kind of suffering and sadness that a fool experiences in the present life. |
这是愚者在今生经历的第二种痛苦和悲伤。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bālaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe pāpakāni kammāni katāni kāyena duccaritāni vācāya duccaritāni manasā duccaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. |
Furthermore, when a fool is resting on a chair or a bed or on the ground, their past bad deeds—misconduct of body, speech, and mind—settle down upon them, rest down upon them, and lay down upon them. |
此外，当愚者坐在椅子上、床上或地上休息时，他们过去的恶行——身、语、意的恶行——就会降临在他们身上，安息在他们身上，落在他们身上。 |
| Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahataṃ pabbatakūṭānaṃ chāyā sāyanhasamayaṃ pathaviyā olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti; |
It is like the shadow of a great mountain peak in the evening as it settles down, rests down, and lays down upon the earth. |
这就像傍晚时分高山顶的影子落在、安息在、落在地上一样。 |
| evameva kho, bhikkhave, bālaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe pāpakāni kammāni katāni kāyena duccaritāni vācāya duccaritāni manasā duccaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. |
In the same way, when a fool is resting on a chair or a bed or on the ground, their past bad deeds—misconduct of body, speech, and mind—settle down upon them, rest down upon them, and lay down upon them. |
同样地，当愚者坐在椅子上、床上或地上休息时，他们过去的恶行——身、语、意的恶行——就会降临在他们身上，安息在他们身上，落在他们身上。 |
| Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti: |
Then that fool thinks: |
然后那个愚者想： |
| ‘akataṃ vata me kalyāṇaṃ, akataṃ kusalaṃ, akataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ; |
‘Well, I haven’t done good and skillful things that keep me safe. |
“嗯，我没有做过能让我安全的善巧之事。 |
| kataṃ pāpaṃ, kataṃ luddaṃ, kataṃ kibbisaṃ. |
And I have done bad, violent, and corrupt things. |
我却做过坏的、暴力的、堕落的事情。 |
| Yāvatā, bho, akatakalyāṇānaṃ akatakusalānaṃ akatabhīruttāṇānaṃ katapāpānaṃ kataluddānaṃ katakibbisānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. |
When I depart, I’ll go to the place where people who’ve done such things go.’ |
我死后，我会去那些做过这些事的人去的地方。” |
| So socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṃ kandati sammohaṃ āpajjati. |
They sorrow and pine and lament, beating their breasts and falling into confusion. |
他们悲伤、憔悴、哀叹，捶胸顿足，陷入混乱。 |
| Idampi, bhikkhave, bālo tatiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
This is the third kind of suffering and sadness that a fool experiences in the present life. |
这是愚者在今生经历的第三种痛苦和悲伤。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. |
Having done bad things by way of body, speech, and mind, when their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
在身体、言语和心意上做了坏事之后，当他们的身体分解，死后，他们就会投生到恶道、恶趣、地狱。 |
| Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya: |
And if there’s anything of which it may be rightly said that |
如果有什么可以被正确地描述为 |
| ‘ekantaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ akantaṃ ekantaṃ amanāpan’ti, nirayameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya: |
it is utterly unlikable, undesirable, and disagreeable, it is of hell that this should be said. |
完全不可爱、不希望、不愉快的，那指的就是地狱。 |
| ‘ekantaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ akantaṃ ekantaṃ amanāpan’ti. |
|
|
| Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi na sukarā yāva dukkhā nirayā”ti. |
So much so that it’s not easy to give a simile for how painful hell is.” |
甚至难以用比喻来形容地狱有多痛苦。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When he said this, one of the monks asked the Buddha: |
当他说这话时，一位比丘问佛陀： |
| “sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātun”ti? |
“But sir, is it possible to give a simile?” |
“但是，世尊，能否打个比方？” |
| “Sakkā, bhikkhū”ti bhagavā avoca. |
“It’s possible,” said the Buddha. |
“可以，”佛陀说。 |
| “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā rañño dasseyyuṃ: |
“Suppose they arrest a bandit, a criminal and present him to the king, saying: |
“假设他们逮捕了一个强盗、一个罪犯，把他呈献给国王，说： |
| ‘ayaṃ kho, deva, coro āgucārī, imassa yaṃ icchasi taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. |
‘Your Majesty, this is a bandit, a criminal. Punish him as you will.’ |
‘陛下，这是个强盗、罪犯。请您随意惩罚他。’ |
| Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya: |
The king would say: |
国王会说： |
| ‘gacchatha, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. |
‘Go, my men, and strike this man in the morning with a hundred spears!’ |
‘去，我的手下，早上用一百支长矛刺这个人！’ |
| Tamenaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. |
The king’s men did as they were told. |
国王的手下照办了。 |
| Atha rājā majjhanhikasamayaṃ evaṃ vadeyya: |
Then at midday the king would say: |
然后中午时分，国王会说： |
| ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? |
‘My men, how is that man?’ |
‘我的手下，那个人怎么样了？’ |
| ‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. |
‘He’s still alive, Your Majesty.’ |
‘陛下，他还活着。’ |
| Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya: |
The king would say: |
国王会说： |
| ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. |
‘Go, my men, and strike this man in the midday with a hundred spears!’ |
‘去，我的手下，中午用一百支长矛刺这个人！’ |
| Tamenaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. |
The king’s men did as they were told. |
国王的手下照办了。 |
| Atha rājā sāyanhasamayaṃ evaṃ vadeyya: |
Then late in the afternoon the king would say: |
然后傍晚时分，国王会说： |
| ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? |
‘My men, how is that man?’ |
‘我的手下，那个人怎么样了？’ |
| ‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. |
‘He’s still alive, Your Majesty.’ |
‘陛下，他还活着。’ |
| Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya: |
The king would say: |
国王会说： |
| ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. |
‘Go, my men, and strike this man in the late afternoon with a hundred spears!’ |
‘去，我的手下，傍晚用一百支长矛刺这个人！’ |
| Tamenaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. |
The king’s men did as they were told. |
国王的手下照办了。 |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, |
What do you think, monks? |
你们觉得怎么样，比丘们？ |
| api nu so puriso tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyethā”ti? |
Would that man experience pain and distress from being struck with three hundred spears?” |
那个人被三百支长矛刺中，会感到痛苦和苦恼吗？” |
| “Ekissāpi, bhante, sattiyā haññamāno so puriso tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha, ko pana vādo tīhi sattisatehī”ti? |
“Sir, that man would experience pain and distress from being struck with one spear, how much more so three hundred spears!” |
“世尊，那个人被一支长矛刺中，就会感到痛苦和苦恼，何况是三百支长矛！” |
| Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ pāṇimattaṃ pāsāṇaṃ gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha, picking up a stone the size of his palm, addressed the monks: |
然后佛陀拿起一块手掌大小的石头，对比丘们说： |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, |
“What do you think, monks? |
“你们觉得怎么样，比丘们？ |
| katamo nu kho mahantataro—yo cāyaṃ mayā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito, yo ca himavā pabbatarājā”ti? |
Which is bigger: the stone the size of my palm that I’ve picked up, or the Himalayas, the king of mountains?” |
哪个更大：我手中这块手掌大小的石头，还是山中之王喜马拉雅山？” |
| “Appamattako ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito, himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upe”ti. |
“Sir, the stone you’ve picked up is tiny. Compared to the Himalayas, it doesn’t even count, it’s not even a fraction, there’s no comparison.” |
“世尊，您手中的石头太小了。和喜马拉雅山相比，它根本算不上什么，连一小部分都不到，根本无法相比。” |
| “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ so puriso tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti taṃ nirayakassa dukkhassa upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti. |
“In the same way, compared to the suffering in hell, the pain and distress experienced by that man due to being struck with three hundred spears doesn’t even count, it’s not even a fraction, there’s no comparison. |
“同样地，和地狱里的痛苦相比，那个人被三百支长矛刺中所经历的痛苦和苦恼，根本算不上什么，连一小部分都不到，根本无法相比。 |
| Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā pañcavidhabandhanaṃ nāma kammakāraṇaṃ karonti— |
Then the wardens of hell punish them with the five-fold crucifixion. |
然后地狱的看守用五刑折磨他们。 |
| tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiye hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiye pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ majjhe urasmiṃ gamenti. |
They drive red-hot stakes through the hands and feet, and another in the middle of the chest. |
他们把烧红的木桩钉进手脚，另一根钉在胸口。 |
| So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. |
And there they feel painful, intense, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated. |
在那里，他们感受到剧烈、强烈、严酷、极度的痛苦——但他们不死，直到那恶业消除。 |
| Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā saṃvesetvā kuṭhārīhi tacchanti. |
Then the wardens of hell throw them down and hack them with axes. … |
然后地狱的看守把他们扔下去，用斧头砍他们。…… |
| So tattha dukkhā tibbā … pe … byantīhoti. |
|
|
| Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhampādaṃ adhosiraṃ gahetvā vāsīhi tacchanti. |
They hang them upside-down and hack them with hatchets. … |
他们把他们倒挂起来，用短柄斧砍他们。…… |
| So tattha dukkhā tibbā … pe … byantīhoti. |
|
|
| Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā rathe yojetvā ādittāya pathaviyā sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya sārentipi paccāsārentipi. |
They harness them to a chariot, and drive them back and forth across burning ground, blazing and glowing. … |
他们把他们套在战车上，在燃烧、炽热、发光的地面上来回驱赶。…… |
| So tattha dukkhā tibbā … pe … byantīhoti. |
|
|
| Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahantaṃ aṅgārapabbataṃ ādittaṃ sampajjalitaṃ sajotibhūtaṃ āropentipi oropentipi. |
They make them climb up and down a huge mountain of burning coals, blazing and glowing. … |
他们让他们爬上爬下巨大的、燃烧、炽热、发光的煤山。…… |
| So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. |
|
|
| Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhampādaṃ adhosiraṃ gahetvā tattāya lohakumbhiyā pakkhipanti ādittāya sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya. |
Then the wardens of hell turn them upside down and throw them into a red-hot copper pot, burning, blazing, and glowing. |
然后地狱的看守把他们倒过来，扔进一个烧红的铜锅，锅里燃烧、炽热、发光。 |
| So tattha pheṇuddehakaṃ paccati. |
|
|
| So tattha pheṇuddehakaṃ paccamāno sakimpi uddhaṃ gacchati, sakimpi adho gacchati, sakimpi tiriyaṃ gacchati. |
There they’re seared in boiling scum, and they’re swept up and down and round and round. |
在那里，他们在沸腾的浮渣中被灼烧，他们被上上下下、来来回回地扫动。 |
| So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. |
And there they feel painful, intense, severe, acute feelings—but they don’t die until that bad deed is eliminated. |
在那里，他们感受到剧烈、强烈、严酷、极度的痛苦——但他们不死，直到那恶业消除。 |
| Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahāniraye pakkhipanti. |
Then the wardens of hell toss them in the Great Hell. |
然后地狱的看守把他们扔进大地狱。 |
| So kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānirayo— |
Now, about that Great Hell: |
现在，关于那个大地狱： |
| Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā. |
There are, monks, animals that feed on grass. |
比丘们，有些动物以草为食。 |
| Te allānipi tiṇāni sukkhānipi tiṇāni dantullehakaṃ khādanti. |
They eat by cropping fresh or dried grass with their teeth. |
它们用牙齿啃食新鲜或干枯的草。 |
| Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā? |
And what animals feed on grass? |
哪些动物以草为食呢？ |
| Hatthī assā goṇā gadrabhā ajā migā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā. |
Elephants, horses, cattle, donkeys, goats, deer, and various others. |
大象、马、牛、驴、山羊、鹿，以及其他各种动物。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā tiṇabhakkhā. |
A fool who used to be a glutton here and did bad deeds here, when their body breaks up, after death, is reborn in the company of those sentient beings who feed on grass. |
一个曾经在这里贪吃、作恶的愚人，当他们的身体崩坏，死后，会投生到那些以草为食的众生之中。 |
| Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā. |
There are animals that feed on dung. |
有些动物以粪便为食。 |
| Te dūratova gūthagandhaṃ ghāyitvā dhāvanti: |
When they catch a whiff of dung they run to it, thinking: |
当它们闻到粪便的气味，就跑过去，心想： |
| ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti. |
‘There we’ll eat! There we’ll eat!’ |
“我们要在那里吃！我们要在那里吃！” |
| Seyyathāpi nāma brāhmaṇā āhutigandhena dhāvanti: |
It’s like when brahmins smell a burnt offering, they run to it, thinking: |
就像婆罗门闻到烧香供品的味道，就跑过去，心想： |
| ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti; |
‘There we’ll eat! There we’ll eat!’ |
“我们要在那里吃！我们要在那里吃！” |
| evameva kho, bhikkhave, santi tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā, |
In the same way, there are animals that feed on dung. |
同样地，有些动物以粪便为食。 |
| te dūratova gūthagandhaṃ ghāyitvā dhāvanti: |
When they catch a whiff of dung they run to it, thinking: |
当它们闻到粪便的气味，就跑过去，心想： |
| ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti. |
‘There we’ll eat! There we’ll eat!’ |
“我们要在那里吃！我们要在那里吃！” |
| Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā? |
And what animals feed on dung? |
哪些动物以粪便为食呢？ |
| Kukkuṭā sūkarā soṇā siṅgālā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā. |
Chickens, pigs, dogs, jackals, and various others. |
鸡、猪、狗、豺，以及其他各种动物。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā gūthabhakkhā. |
A fool who used to be a glutton here and did bad deeds here, after death is reborn in the company of those sentient beings who feed on dung. |
一个曾经在这里贪吃、作恶的愚人，死后投生到那些以粪便为食的众生之中。 |
| Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti. |
There are animals who are born, live, and die in darkness. |
有些动物生于黑暗，活于黑暗，死于黑暗。 |
| Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti? |
And what animals are born, live, and die in darkness? |
哪些动物生于黑暗，活于黑暗，死于黑暗呢？ |
| Kīṭā puḷavā gaṇḍuppādā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti. |
Moths, maggots, earthworms, and various others. |
蛾、蛆、蚯蚓，以及其他各种动物。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo, idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti. |
A fool who used to be a glutton here and did bad deeds here, after death is reborn in the company of those sentient beings who are born, live, and die in darkness. |
一个曾经在这里贪吃、作恶的愚人，死后投生到那些生于黑暗，活于黑暗，死于黑暗的众生之中。 |
| Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti. |
There are animals who are born, live, and die in water. |
有些动物生于水中，活于水中，死于水中。 |
| Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti? |
And what animals are born, live, and die in water? |
哪些动物生于水中，活于水中，死于水中呢？ |
| Macchā kacchapā susumārā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti. |
Fish, turtles, crocodiles, and various others. |
鱼、乌龟、鳄鱼，以及其他各种动物。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti. |
A fool who used to be a glutton here and did bad deeds here, after death is reborn in the company of those sentient beings who are born, live, and die in water. |
一个曾经在这里贪吃、作恶的愚人，死后投生到那些生于水中，活于水中，死于水中的众生之中。 |
| Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti. |
There are animals who are born, live, and die in filth. |
有些动物生于污秽中，活于污秽中，死于污秽中。 |
| Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti? |
And what animals are born, live, and die in filth? |
哪些动物生于污秽中，活于污秽中，死于污秽中呢？ |
| Ye te, bhikkhave, sattā pūtimacche vā jāyanti pūtimacche vā jīyanti pūtimacche vā mīyanti pūtikuṇape vā … pe … |
Those animals that are born, live, and die in a rotten fish, a rotten corpse, |
那些生于、活于、死于腐烂的鱼、腐烂的尸体、 |
| pūtikummāse vā … |
rotten porridge, |
腐烂的粥、 |
| candanikāya vā … |
or a sewer. |
或下水道的动物。 |
| oligalle vā jāyanti, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti. |
|
|
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti. |
A fool who used to be a glutton here and did bad deeds here, after death is reborn in the company of those sentient beings who are born, live, and die in filth. |
一个曾经在这里贪吃、作恶的愚人，死后投生到那些生于污秽中，活于污秽中，死于污秽中的众生之中。 |
| Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso ekacchiggalaṃ yugaṃ mahāsamudde pakkhipeyya. |
monks, suppose a person was to throw a yoke with a single hole into the ocean. |
比丘们，假设有人将一个只有一个孔的轭投入大海。 |
| Tamenaṃ puratthimo vāto pacchimena saṃhareyya, pacchimo vāto puratthimena saṃhareyya, uttaro vāto dakkhiṇena saṃhareyya, dakkhiṇo vāto uttarena saṃhareyya. |
The east wind wafts it west; the west wind wafts it east; the north wind wafts it south; and the south wind wafts it north. |
东风将其吹向西；西风将其吹向东；北风将其吹向南；南风将其吹向北。 |
| Tatrāssa kāṇo kacchapo, so vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ ummujjeyya. |
And there was a one-eyed turtle who popped up once every hundred years. |
有一只独眼海龟每隔一百年才浮出水面一次。 |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, |
What do you think, monks? |
你们认为怎么样，比丘们？ |
| api nu so kāṇo kacchapo amusmiṃ ekacchiggale yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā”ti? |
Would that one-eyed turtle still poke its neck through the hole in that yoke?” |
那只独眼海龟还能把脖子伸进那个轭的孔里吗？ |
| “No hetaṃ, bhante”. |
“No, sir. |
“不能，世尊。 |
| “Yadi pana, bhante, kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayenā”ti. |
Only after a very long time, sir, if ever.” |
即使过了很长很长时间，世尊，可能也做不到。” |
| “Khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhave, kāṇo kacchapo amusmiṃ ekacchiggale yuge gīvaṃ paveseyya, ato dullabhatarāhaṃ, bhikkhave, manussattaṃ vadāmi sakiṃ vinipātagatena bālena. |
“That one-eyed turtle would poke its neck through the hole in that yoke sooner than a fool who has fallen to the underworld would be reborn as a human being, I say. |
“那只独眼海龟把脖子伸进那个轭的孔里，比一个堕入地狱的愚人重新投生为人要快，我说。 |
| Taṃ kissa hetu? |
Why is that? |
为什么会这样？ |
| Na hettha, bhikkhave, atthi dhammacariyā samacariyā kusalakiriyā puññakiriyā. |
Because there there’s no principled or moral conduct, and no doing what is good and skillful. |
因为在那里没有原则或道德行为，也没有做善事和巧妙之事。 |
| Aññamaññakhādikā ettha, bhikkhave, vattati dubbalakhādikā. |
There they just prey on each other, preying on the weak. |
在那里，他们只是互相捕食，捕食弱者。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo sace kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena manussattaṃ āgacchati, yāni tāni nīcakulāni— |
And suppose that fool, after a very long time, returned to the human realm. |
假设那个愚人，在很长一段时间后，回到了人间。 |
| caṇḍālakulaṃ vā nesādakulaṃ vā venakulaṃ vā rathakārakulaṃ vā pukkusakulaṃ vā. |
They’d be reborn in a low class family—a family of outcastes, hunters, bamboo-workers, chariot-makers, or waste-collectors. |
他们将投生到一个低等阶级的家庭——一个贱民、猎人、竹工、车夫或拾荒者的家庭。 |
| Tathārūpe kule paccājāyati dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati. |
Such families are poor, with little to eat or drink, where life is tough, and food and shelter are hard to find. |
这样的家庭贫穷，吃喝很少，生活艰难，食物和住所难以找到。 |
| So ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khujjo vā pakkhahato vā na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. |
And they’d be ugly, unsightly, deformed, chronically ill—one-eyed, crippled, lame, or half-paralyzed. They don’t get to have food, drink, clothes, and vehicles; garlands, perfumes, and makeup; or bed, house, and lighting. |
他们会丑陋、难看、畸形、长期生病——独眼、残废、跛脚或半身不遂。他们得不到食物、饮料、衣服和交通工具；花环、香水和化妆品；或床、房屋和照明。 |
| So kāyena duccaritaṃ carati vācāya duccaritaṃ carati manasā duccaritaṃ carati. |
And they do bad things by way of body, speech, and mind. |
他们会通过身体、言语和思想做坏事。 |
| So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. |
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
当他们的身体崩坏，死后，他们会投生到一个失去之地，一个糟糕之地，地狱。 |
| Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaliggahena puttampi jīyetha, dārampi jīyetha, sabbaṃ sāpateyyampi jīyetha, uttaripi adhibandhaṃ nigaccheyya. |
Suppose a gambler on the first unlucky throw was to lose his wife and child, all his property, and then got thrown in jail. |
假设一个赌徒在第一次不走运的掷骰中，输掉了妻子、孩子和所有财产，然后被投入监狱。 |
| Appamattako so, bhikkhave, kaliggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaliggahena puttampi jīyetha, dārampi jīyetha, sabbaṃ sāpateyyampi jīyetha, uttaripi adhibandhaṃ nigaccheyya. |
But such an unlucky throw is trivial compared to |
但这样的不走运的掷骰与 |
| Atha kho ayameva tato mahantataro kaliggaho yaṃ so bālo kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. |
the unlucky throw whereby a fool, having done bad things by way of body, speech, and mind, when their body breaks up, after death, is reborn in a place of loss, a bad place, the underworld, hell. |
一个愚人，通过身体、言语和思想做坏事，当他们的身体崩坏，死后，投生到一个失去之地，一个糟糕之地，地狱，这样的不走运的掷骰相比，简直微不足道。 |
| Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, kevalā paripūrā bālabhūmīti. |
This is the total fulfillment of the fool’s level. |
这是愚人层次的完全体现。 |
| Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa paṇḍitalakkhaṇāni paṇḍitanimittāni paṇḍitāpadānāni. |
There are these three characteristics, signs, and manifestations of an astute person. |
有这三种敏锐之人的特征、标志和表现。 |
| Katamāni tīṇi? |
What three? |
哪三种？ |
| Idha, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca hoti subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca. |
An astute person thinks well, speaks well, and acts well. |
敏锐之人思想好，言语好，行为好。 |
| No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca abhavissa subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca, kena naṃ paṇḍitā jāneyyuṃ: |
If an astute person didn’t think well, speak well, and act well, then how would the astute know of them: |
如果一个敏锐之人思想不好，言语不好，行为不好，那么敏锐之人如何知道他们： |
| ‘paṇḍito ayaṃ bhavaṃ sappuriso’ti? |
‘This fellow is astute, a good person’? |
“这个人是敏锐的，一个好人”？ |
| Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca hoti subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca tasmā naṃ paṇḍitā jānanti: |
But since an astute person does think well, speak well, and act well, then the astute do know of them: |
但既然一个敏锐之人思想好，言语好，行为好，那么敏锐之人确实知道他们： |
| ‘paṇḍito ayaṃ bhavaṃ sappuriso’ti. |
‘This fellow is astute, a good person’. |
“这个人是敏锐的，一个好人”。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito tividhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
An astute person experiences three kinds of pleasure and happiness in the present life. |
敏锐之人在今生体验到三种快乐和幸福。 |
| Sace, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sabhāyaṃ vā nisinno hoti, rathikāya vā nisinno hoti, siṅghāṭake vā nisinno hoti; |
Suppose an astute person is sitting in a council hall, a street, or a crossroad, |
假设一个敏锐之人坐在议事厅、街道或十字路口， |
| tatra ce jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti. |
where people are discussing about what is proper and appropriate. |
那里的人们正在讨论什么是适当和合适的。 |
| Sace, bhikkhave, paṇḍito pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti; |
And suppose that astute person is someone who refrains from killing living creatures, stealing, committing sexual misconduct, lying, and alcoholic drinks that cause negligence. |
假设那个敏锐之人是不杀生、不偷盗、不犯邪淫、不妄语、不饮酒致使放逸的人。 |
| tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti: |
Then that astute person thinks: |
然后那个敏锐之人想： |
| ‘yaṃ kho jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti; |
‘These people are discussing what is proper and appropriate. |
“这些人正在讨论什么是适当和合适的。 |
| saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. |
And those things are found in me and I am seen in them.’ |
而这些品质在我身上也能找到，我也能在他们身上看到。” |
| Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
This is the first kind of pleasure and happiness that an astute person experiences in the present life. |
这是敏锐之人在今生体验到的第一种快乐和幸福。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito passati rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente— |
Furthermore, an astute person sees that the kings have arrested a bandit, a criminal, and subjected them to various punishments— |
此外，一个敏锐之人看到国王逮捕了一个强盗、一个罪犯，并对他们施以各种惩罚—— |
| kasāhipi tāḷente vettehipi tāḷente addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente hatthampi chindante pādampi chindante hatthapādampi chindante kaṇṇampi chindante nāsampi chindante kaṇṇanāsampi chindante bilaṅgathālikampi karonte saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte rāhumukhampi karonte jotimālikampi karonte hatthapajjotikampi karonte erakavattikampi karonte cīrakavāsikampi karonte eṇeyyakampi karonte balisamaṃsikampi karonte kahāpaṇikampi karonte khārāpatacchikampi karonte palighaparivattikampi karonte palālapīṭhakampi karonte tattenapi telena osiñcante sunakhehipi khādāpente jīvantampi sūle uttāsente asināpi sīsaṃ chindante. |
whipping, caning, and clubbing; cutting off hands or feet, or both; cutting off ears or nose, or both; the ‘porridge pot’, the ‘shell-shave’, the ‘demon’s mouth’, the ‘garland of fire’, the ‘burning hand’, the ‘grass blades’, the ‘bark dress’, the ‘antelope’, the ‘meat hook’, the ‘coins’, the ‘acid pickle’, the ‘twisting bar’, the ‘straw mat’; being splashed with hot oil, being fed to the dogs, being impaled alive, and being beheaded. |
鞭打、杖打和棍打；斩断手或脚，或两者兼而有之；斩断耳朵或鼻子，或两者兼而有之；“粥锅”、“贝壳剃刀”、“恶魔之口”、“火环”、“燃烧之手”、“草叶”、“树皮衣”、“羚羊”、“肉钩”、“硬币”、“酸腌菜”、“扭曲棒”、“草席”；被热油泼溅，被喂狗，被活活刺穿，以及被斩首。 |
| Tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti: |
Then that astute person thinks: |
然后那个敏锐之人想： |
| ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti kasāhipi tāḷenti, vettehipi tāḷenti, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷenti, hatthampi chindanti, pādampi chindanti, hatthapādampi chindanti, kaṇṇampi chindanti, nāsampi chindanti, kaṇṇanāsampi chindanti, bilaṅgathālikampi karonti, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonti, rāhumukhampi karonti, jotimālikampi karonti, hatthapajjotikampi karonti, erakavattikampi karonti, cīrakavāsikampi karonti, eṇeyyakampi karonti, balisamaṃsikampi karonti, kahāpaṇikampi karonti, khārāpatacchikampi karonti, palighaparivattikampi karonti, palālapīṭhakampi karonti, tattenapi telena osiñcanti, sunakhehipi khādāpenti, jīvantampi sūle uttāsenti, asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti, na te dhammā mayi saṃvijjanti, ahañca na tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. |
‘The kinds of deeds for which the kings inflict such punishments—those things are not found in me and I am not seen in them!’ |
“国王施加这种惩罚的行为，我身上没有，我也不会做！” |
| Idampi, bhikkhave, paṇḍito dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
This is the second kind of pleasure and happiness that an astute person experiences in the present life. |
这是敏锐之人在今生体验到的第二种快乐和幸福。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍitaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe kalyāṇāni kammāni katāni kāyena sucaritāni vācāya sucaritāni manasā sucaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti … pe … |
Furthermore, when an astute person is resting on a chair or a bed or on the ground, their past good deeds—good conduct of body, speech, and mind—settle down upon them, rest down upon them, and lay down upon them. |
此外，当一个敏锐之人坐在椅子上、床上或地上休息时，他们过去的善行——身体、言语和思想上的善行——会安然降临在他们身上，安稳地停留在他们身上，并铺展在他们身上。 |
| seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahataṃ pabbatakūṭānaṃ chāyā sāyanhasamayaṃ pathaviyā olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti; |
It is like the shadow of a great mountain peak in the evening as it settles down, rests down, and lays down upon the earth. |
就像傍晚时分高山之巅的阴影，安然降临、安稳停留、铺展在大地之上。 |
| evameva kho, bhikkhave, paṇḍitaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ yānissa pubbe kalyāṇāni kammāni katāni kāyena sucaritāni vācāya sucaritāni manasā sucaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. |
In the same way, when an astute person is resting on a chair or a bed or on the ground, their past good deeds—good conduct of body, speech, and mind—settle down upon them, rest down upon them, and lay down upon them. |
同样地，当一个敏锐之人坐在椅子上、床上或地上休息时，他们过去的善行——身体、言语和思想上的善行——会安然降临在他们身上，安稳地停留在他们身上，并铺展在他们身上。 |
| Tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti: |
Then that astute person thinks: |
然后那个敏锐之人想： |
| ‘akataṃ vata me pāpaṃ, akataṃ luddaṃ, akataṃ kibbisaṃ; |
‘Well, I haven’t done bad, violent, and corrupt things. |
“嗯，我没有做过坏的、暴力的、腐败的事情。 |
| kataṃ kalyāṇaṃ, kataṃ kusalaṃ, kataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ. |
And I have done good and skillful deeds that keep me safe. |
我做过能保我安全的善巧之事。 |
| Yāvatā, bho, akatapāpānaṃ akataluddānaṃ akatakibbisānaṃ katakalyāṇānaṃ katakusalānaṃ katabhīruttāṇānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. |
When I pass away, I’ll go to the place where people who’ve done such things go.’ |
当我去世时，我会去那些做过这些事的人去的地方。” |
| So na socati, na kilamati, na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. |
So they don’t sorrow and pine and lament, beating their breast and falling into confusion. |
所以他们不悲伤、不憔悴、不哀叹，不捶胸顿足，也不陷入混乱。 |
| Idampi, bhikkhave, paṇḍito tatiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
This is the third kind of pleasure and happiness that an astute person experiences in the present life. |
这是敏锐之人在今生体验到的第三种快乐和幸福。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. |
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
当他们的身体崩坏，死后，他们会投生到一个好地方，一个天界。 |
| Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya: |
And if there’s anything of which it may be rightly said that |
如果有什么可以被公正地说成是 |
| ‘ekantaṃ iṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ kantaṃ ekantaṃ manāpan’ti, saggameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya: |
it is utterly likable, desirable, and agreeable, it is of heaven that this should be said. |
完全可爱、令人向往和令人愉悦的，那就是天堂。 |
| ‘ekantaṃ iṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ kantaṃ ekantaṃ manāpan’ti. |
|
|
| Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi na sukarā yāva sukhā saggā”ti. |
So much so that it’s not easy to give a simile for how pleasurable heaven is.” |
天堂的快乐难以用比喻完全描述。 |
| Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When he said this, one of the monks asked the Buddha: |
当他说这话时，一位比丘问佛陀： |
| “sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātun”ti? |
“But sir, is it possible to give a simile?” |
“但是，世尊，能否打个比方？” |
| “Sakkā, bhikkhū”ti bhagavā avoca. |
“It’s possible,” said the Buddha. |
“可以，”佛陀说。 |
| “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī sattahi ratanehi samannāgato catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. |
“Suppose there was a king, a wheel-turning monarch who possessed seven treasures and four blessings, and experienced pleasure and happiness because of them. |
“假设有一位国王，一位转轮圣王，他拥有七宝和四福，并因此体验到快乐和幸福。 |
| Katamehi sattahi? |
What seven? |
哪七宝？ |
| Idha, bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ. |
It’s when, on the fifteenth day sabbath, an anointed aristocratic king has bathed his head and gone upstairs in the stilt longhouse to observe the sabbath. And the heavenly wheel-treasure appears to him, with a thousand spokes, with rim and hub, complete in every detail. |
就是当在十五日布萨日，一位受过加冕的贵族国王洗净头后，登上高脚长屋观察布萨。然后天轮宝出现，千辐俱全，有辋有毂，细节完备。 |
| Taṃ disvāna rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa evaṃ hoti: |
Seeing this, the king thinks: |
看到这个，国王想： |
| ‘sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ yassa rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ, so hoti rājā cakkavattīti. |
‘I have heard that when the heavenly wheel-treasure appears to a king in this way, he becomes a wheel-turning monarch. |
“我听说，当天轮宝以这种方式出现在国王面前时，他就会成为转轮圣王。 |
| Assaṃ nu kho ahaṃ rājā cakkavattī’ti? |
Am I then a wheel-turning monarch?’ |
那我就是转轮圣王吗？” |
| Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto vāmena hatthena bhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkirati: |
Then the anointed king, taking a ceremonial vase in his left hand, besprinkled the wheel-treasure with his right hand, saying: |
于是，受加冕的国王左手持宝瓶，右手向轮宝洒水，说： |
| ‘pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratanaṃ, abhivijinātu bhavaṃ cakkaratanan’ti. |
‘Roll forth, O wheel-treasure! Triumph, O wheel-treasure!’ |
“轮宝，前进吧！轮宝，胜利吧！” |
| Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ disaṃ pavattati. Anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upeti saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. |
Then the wheel-treasure rolls towards the east. And the king follows it together with his army of four divisions. In whatever place the wheel-treasure stands still, there the king comes to stay together with his army. |
于是轮宝向东方转动。国王率领四部军队随之而行。无论轮宝停在哪里，国王和他的军队就在那里驻扎。 |
| Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu: |
And any opposing rulers of the eastern quarter come to the wheel-turning monarch and say: |
所有东方的敌对统治者都来到转轮圣王面前，说： |
| ‘ehi kho, mahārāja. Svāgataṃ te, mahārāja. Sakaṃ te, mahārāja. Anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. |
‘Come, great king! Welcome, great king! We are yours, great king, instruct us.’ |
“来吧，大王！欢迎您，大王！我们是您的，大王，请教导我们。” |
| Rājā cakkavattī evamāha: |
The wheel-turning monarch says: |
转轮圣王说： |
| ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. |
‘Do not kill living creatures. Do not steal. Do not commit sexual misconduct. Do not lie. Do not drink alcohol. Maintain the current level of taxation.’ |
“不要杀生。不要偷盗。不要犯邪淫。不要妄语。不要饮酒。保持现有的税率。” |
| Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā bhavanti. |
And so the opposing rulers of the eastern quarter become his vassals. |
于是东方的敌对统治者都成了他的附庸。 |
| Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ pavattati … pe … |
Then the wheel-treasure, having plunged into the eastern ocean and emerged again, rolls towards the south. … |
然后轮宝，在东方大洋中沉没又浮出，向南方转动。…… |
| dakkhiṇaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā pacchimaṃ disaṃ pavattati … pe … |
Having plunged into the southern ocean and emerged again, it rolls towards the west. … |
在南方大洋中沉没又浮出，向西方转动。…… |
| pacchimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā uttaraṃ disaṃ pavattati anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upeti saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. |
Having plunged into the western ocean and emerged again, it rolls towards the north, followed by the king together with his army of four divisions. In whatever place the wheel-treasure stands still, there the king comes to stay together with his army. |
在西方大洋中沉没又浮出，向北方转动，国王率领四部军队随之而行。无论轮宝停在哪里，国王和他的军队就在那里驻扎。 |
| Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu: |
And any opposing rulers of the northern quarter come to the wheel-turning monarch and say: |
所有北方的敌对统治者都来到转轮圣王面前，说： |
| ‘ehi kho, mahārāja. Svāgataṃ te, mahārāja. Sakaṃ te, mahārāja. Anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. |
‘Come, great king! Welcome, great king! We are yours, great king, instruct us.’ |
“来吧，大王！欢迎您，大王！我们是您的，大王，请教导我们。” |
| Rājā cakkavattī evamāha: |
The wheel-turning monarch says: |
转轮圣王说： |
| ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ; yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. |
‘Do not kill living creatures. Do not steal. Do not commit sexual misconduct. Do not lie. Do not drink alcohol. Maintain the current level of taxation.’ |
“不要杀生。不要偷盗。不要犯邪淫。不要妄语。不要饮酒。保持现有的税率。” |
| Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā bhavanti. |
And so the rulers of the northern quarter become his vassals. |
于是北方的统治者都成了他的附庸。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa hatthiratanaṃ pātubhavati— |
Next, the elephant-treasure appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
接下来，象宝出现在转轮圣王面前。 |
| sabbaseto sattappatiṭṭho iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo uposatho nāma nāgarājā. |
It was all-white sky-walker with psychic power, touching the ground in seven places, a king of elephants named Sabbath. |
它是一只全身洁白、能在空中行走、具有神通、七处着地的象王，名叫安息。 |
| Taṃ disvāna rañño cakkavattissa cittaṃ pasīdati: |
Seeing him, the king was impressed: |
国王看到它，印象深刻： |
| ‘bhaddakaṃ vata bho hatthiyānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’ti. |
‘This would truly be a fine elephant vehicle, if he would submit to taming.’ |
“如果它能驯服，这真是一辆上好的象车。” |
| Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, hatthiratanaṃ seyyathāpi nāma bhaddo hatthājānīyo dīgharattaṃ suparidanto evameva damathaṃ upeti. |
Then the elephant-treasure submitted to taming, as if he were a fine thoroughbred elephant that had been tamed for a long time. |
于是象宝驯服了，就像一匹久经驯服的良种象一样。 |
| Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva hatthiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ abhiruhitvā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā pātarāsamakāsi. |
Once it so happened that the wheel-turning monarch, testing that same elephant-treasure, mounted him in the morning and traversed the land surrounded by ocean before returning to the royal capital in time for breakfast. |
有一次，转轮圣王为了检验这只象宝，早上骑上它，穿越了被海洋环绕的土地，并在早餐前赶回了王都。 |
| Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ hatthiratanaṃ pātubhavati. (2) |
Such is the elephant-treasure that appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
这就是出现在转轮圣王面前的象宝。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa assaratanaṃ pātubhavati— |
Next, the horse-treasure appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
接下来，马宝出现在转轮圣王面前。 |
| sabbaseto kāḷasīso muñjakeso iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo valāhako nāma assarājā. |
It was an all-white sky-walker with psychic power, with head of black and mane like woven reeds, a royal steed named Thundercloud. |
它是一匹全身洁白、能在空中行走、具有神通、头黑鬃如编织芦苇般的御马，名叫雷云。 |
| Taṃ disvāna rañño cakkavattissa cittaṃ pasīdati: |
Seeing him, the king was impressed: |
国王看到它，印象深刻： |
| ‘bhaddakaṃ vata bho assayānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’ti. |
‘This would truly be a fine horse vehicle, if he would submit to taming.’ |
“如果它能驯服，这真是一辆上好的马车。” |
| Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, assaratanaṃ seyyathāpi nāma bhaddo assājānīyo dīgharattaṃ suparidanto evameva damathaṃ upeti. |
Then the horse-treasure submitted to taming, as if he were a fine thoroughbred horse that had been tamed for a long time. |
于是马宝驯服了，就像一匹久经驯服的良种马一样。 |
| Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva assaratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ abhiruhitvā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā pātarāsamakāsi. |
Once it so happened that the wheel-turning monarch, testing that same horse-treasure, mounted him in the morning and traversed the land surrounded by ocean before returning to the royal capital in time for breakfast. |
有一次，转轮圣王为了检验这匹马宝，早上骑上它，穿越了被海洋环绕的土地，并在早餐前赶回了王都。 |
| Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ assaratanaṃ pātubhavati. (3) |
Such is the horse-treasure that appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
这就是出现在转轮圣王面前的马宝。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa maṇiratanaṃ pātubhavati. |
Next, the jewel-treasure appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
接下来，珠宝出现在转轮圣王面前。 |
| So hoti maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato. |
It is a beryl gem that’s naturally beautiful, eight-faceted, with expert workmanship. |
它是一颗天然美丽、八面、工艺精湛的绿柱石。 |
| Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, maṇiratanassa ābhā samantā yojanaṃ phuṭā hoti. |
And the radiance of that jewel spreads all-round for a league. |
那颗宝石的光芒能向四面八方散发一里格远。 |
| Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva maṇiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannayhitvā maṇiṃ dhajaggaṃ āropetvā rattandhakāratimisāya pāyāsi. |
Once it so happened that the wheel-turning monarch, testing that same jewel-treasure, mobilized his army of four divisions and, with the jewel hoisted on his banner, set out in the dark of the night. |
有一次，转轮圣王为了检验这颗珠宝，调集了四部军队，并将珠宝高举在旗帜上，在夜幕降临之际出发。 |
| Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, samantā gāmā ahesuṃ te tenobhāsena kammante payojesuṃ ‘divā’ti maññamānā. |
Then the villagers around them set off to work, thinking that it was day. |
周围的村民们于是开始工作，以为天亮了。 |
| Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ maṇiratanaṃ pātubhavati. (4) |
Such is the jewel-treasure that appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
这就是出现在转轮圣王面前的珠宝。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati. |
Next, the woman-treasure appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
接下来，女宝出现在转轮圣王面前。 |
| Sā abhirūpā dassanīyā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā nātidīghā nātirassā nātikisā nātithūlā nātikāḷikā nāccodātā, atikkantā mānusaṃ vaṇṇaṃ, appattā dibbaṃ vaṇṇaṃ. |
She is attractive, good-looking, lovely, of surpassing beauty. She’s neither too tall nor too short; neither too thin nor too fat; neither too dark nor too light. She outdoes human beauty without reaching divine beauty. |
她迷人、美丽、可爱、绝世无双。她既不高也不矮；既不瘦也不胖；既不黑也不白。她超越了人类的美，却没有达到神性的美。 |
| Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa evarūpo kāyasamphasso hoti, seyyathāpi nāma tūlapicuno vā kappāsapicuno vā. |
And her touch is like a tuft of cotton-wool or kapok. |
她的触感如同棉絮或木棉。 |
| Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa sīte uṇhāni gattāni honti, uṇhe sītāni gattāni honti. |
When it’s cool her limbs are warm, and when it’s warm her limbs are cool. |
天冷时她的肢体温暖，天热时她的肢体凉爽。 |
| Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa kāyato candanagandho vāyati, mukhato uppalagandho vāyati. |
The fragrance of sandal floats from her body, and lotus from her mouth. |
檀香的芬芳从她身体散发，莲花的芬芳从她口中散发。 |
| Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanaṃ rañño cakkavattissa pubbuṭṭhāyinī hoti pacchānipātinī kiṃkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī. |
She gets up before the king and goes to bed after him, and is obliging, behaving nicely and speaking politely. |
她比国王早起，比国王晚睡，并且乐于助人，举止得体，言语礼貌。 |
| Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanaṃ rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ manasāpi no aticarati, kuto pana kāyena? |
The woman-treasure does not betray the wheel-turning monarch even in thought, still less in deed. |
女宝甚至在思想上都不会背叛转轮圣王，更不用说行动了。 |
| Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati. (5) |
Such is the woman-treasure who appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
这就是出现在转轮圣王面前的女宝。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavati. |
Next, the householder-treasure appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
接下来，居士宝出现在转轮圣王面前。 |
| Tassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pātubhavati, yena nidhiṃ passati sassāmikampi assāmikampi. |
The power of clairvoyance manifests in him as a result of past deeds, by which he sees hidden treasure, both owned and ownerless. |
因其过去所造之业，他显现出神通，能看见有主和无主之隐藏宝藏。 |
| So rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha: |
He approaches the wheel-turning monarch and says: |
他走近转轮圣王说： |
| ‘appossukko tvaṃ, deva, hohi. Ahaṃ te dhanena dhanakaraṇīyaṃ karissāmī’ti. |
‘Relax, sire. I will take care of the treasury.’ |
“请陛下安心。我将掌管国库。” |
| Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva gahapatiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno nāvaṃ abhiruhitvā majjhe gaṅgāya nadiyā sotaṃ ogāhitvā gahapatiratanaṃ etadavoca: |
Once it so happened that the wheel-turning monarch, testing that same householder-treasure, boarded a boat and sailed to the middle of the Ganges river. Then he said to the householder-treasure: |
有一次，转轮圣王为了检验这位居士宝，登上一艘船，航行到恒河中央。然后他对居士宝说： |
| ‘attho me, gahapati, hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti. |
‘Householder, I need gold coins and bullion.’ |
“居士，我需要金币和金块。” |
| ‘Tena hi, mahārāja, ekaṃ tīraṃ nāvā upetū’ti. |
‘Well then, great king, draw the boat up to one shore.’ |
“那好吧，大王，把船靠到岸边。” |
| ‘Idheva me, gahapati, attho hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti. |
‘It’s right here, householder, that I need gold coins and bullion.’ |
“居士，我就在这里需要金币和金块。” |
| Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, gahapatiratanaṃ ubhohi hatthehi udake omasitvā pūraṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa kumbhiṃ uddharitvā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ etadavoca: |
Then that householder-treasure, immersing both hands in the water, pulled up a pot full of gold coin and bullion, and said to the king: |
于是那位居士宝，将双手浸入水中，取出一罐金币和金块，对国王说： |
| ‘alamettāvatā, mahārāja. Katamettāvatā, mahārāja. Pūjitamettāvatā, mahārājā’ti. |
‘Is this sufficient, great king? Has enough been done, great king, enough offered?’ |
“大王，这足够了吗？大王，够了吗？奉献够了吗？” |
| Rājā cakkavattī evamāha: |
The wheel-turning monarch said: |
转轮圣王说： |
| ‘alamettāvatā, gahapati. Katamettāvatā, gahapati. Pūjitamettāvatā, gahapatī’ti. |
‘That is sufficient, householder. Enough has been done, enough offered.’ |
“居士，这足够了。够了，奉献够了。” |
| Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavati. (6) |
Such is the householder-treasure that appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
这就是出现在转轮圣王面前的居士宝。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavati— |
Next, the counselor-treasure appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
接下来，谋士宝出现在转轮圣王面前。 |
| paṇḍito byatto medhāvī paṭibalo rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upayāpetabbaṃ upayāpetuṃ apayāpetabbaṃ apayāpetuṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ ṭhapetuṃ. |
He is astute, competent, intelligent, and capable of getting the king to appoint who should be appointed, dismiss who should be dismissed, and retain who should be retained. |
他敏锐、能干、聪明，能够让国王任命该任命的人，解雇该解雇的人，并留住该留住的人。 |
| So rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha: |
He approaches the wheel-turning monarch and says: |
他走近转轮圣王说： |
| ‘appossukko tvaṃ, deva, hohi. Ahamanusāsissāmī’ti. |
‘Relax, sire. I shall issue instructions.’ |
“请陛下安心。我将发布指示。” |
| Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavati. |
Such is the counselor-treasure that appears to the wheel-turning monarch. |
这就是出现在转轮圣王面前的谋士宝。 |
| Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imehi sattahi ratanehi samannāgato hoti. (7) |
These are the seven treasures possessed by a wheel-turning monarch. |
这些是转轮圣王所拥有的七宝。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. |
Furthermore, a wheel-turning monarch is as dear and beloved to the brahmins and householders |
此外，转轮圣王对婆罗门和居士来说， |
| Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pitā puttānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo; |
as a father is to his children. |
就像父亲对孩子一样亲爱和受人爱戴。 |
| evameva kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. |
|
|
| Raññopi, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā honti manāpā. |
And the brahmins and householders are as dear to the wheel-turning monarch |
婆罗门和居士对转轮圣王来说， |
| Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pitu puttā piyā honti manāpā; |
as children are to their father. |
就像孩子对父亲一样亲爱。 |
| evameva kho, bhikkhave, raññopi cakkavattissa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā honti manāpā. |
|
|
| Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī caturaṅginiyā senāya uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyāsi. |
Once it so happened that a wheel-turning monarch went with his army of four divisions to visit a park. |
有一次，转轮圣王率领四部军队去游览公园。 |
| Atha kho, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇagahapatikā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu: |
Then the brahmins and householders went up to him and said: |
于是婆罗门和居士们走上前对他说： |
| ‘ataramāno, deva, yāhi yathā taṃ mayaṃ cirataraṃ passeyyāmā’ti. |
‘Slow down, Your Majesty, so we may see you longer!’ |
“陛下，请慢一点，好让我们能多看您一会儿！” |
| Rājāpi, bhikkhave, cakkavattī sārathiṃ āmantesi: |
And the king addressed his charioteer: |
国王对他的车夫说： |
| ‘ataramāno, sārathi, pesehi yathā maṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikā cirataraṃ passeyyun’ti. |
‘Drive slowly, charioteer, so I can see the brahmins and householders longer!’ |
“车夫，开慢一点，好让我能多看看婆罗门和居士们！” |
| Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya catutthāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti. |
This is the fourth blessing. |
这是第四福。 |
| Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāhi catūhi iddhīhi samannāgato hoti. |
These are the four blessings possessed by a wheel-turning monarch. |
这些是转轮圣王所拥有的四福。 |
| Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ pāṇimattaṃ pāsāṇaṃ gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
Then the Buddha, picking up a stone the size of his palm, addressed the monks: |
然后佛陀拿起一块手掌大小的石头，对比丘们说： |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, |
“What do you think, monks? |
“你们觉得怎么样，比丘们？ |
| katamo nu kho mahantataro—yo cāyaṃ mayā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito yo ca himavā pabbatarājā”ti? |
Which is bigger: the stone the size of my palm that I’ve picked up, or the Himalayas, the king of mountains?” |
哪个更大：我手中这块手掌大小的石头，还是山中之王喜马拉雅山？” |
| “Appamattako ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito; himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti; kalabhāgampi na upeti; upanidhampi na upetī”ti. |
“Sir, the stone you’ve picked up is tiny. Compared to the Himalayas, it doesn’t even count, it’s not even a fraction, there’s no comparison.” |
“世尊，您手中的石头太小了。和喜马拉雅山相比，它根本算不上什么，连一小部分都不到，根本无法相比。” |
| “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ rājā cakkavattī sattahi ratanehi samannāgato catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti taṃ dibbassa sukhassa upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti; kalabhāgampi na upeti; upanidhampi na upeti. |
“In the same way, compared to the happiness of heaven, the pleasure and happiness experienced by a wheel-turning monarch due to those seven treasures and those four blessings doesn’t even count, it’s not even a fraction, there’s no comparison. |
“同样地，和天上的幸福相比，转轮圣王因那七宝和那四福所体验到的快乐和幸福，根本算不上什么，连一小部分都不到，根本无法相比。 |
| Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sace kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena manussattaṃ āgacchati, yāni tāni uccākulāni— |
And suppose that astute person, after a very long time, returned to the human realm. |
假设那个敏锐之人，在很长一段时间后，回到了人间。 |
| khattiyamahāsālakulaṃ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakulaṃ vā gahapatimahāsālakulaṃ vā tathārūpe kule paccājāyati aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe. |
They’d be reborn in a well-to-do family of aristocrats, brahmins, or householders—rich, affluent, and wealthy, with lots of gold and silver, lots of property and assets, and lots of money and grain. |
他们将投生到富裕的贵族、婆罗门或居士家庭——富有、富裕、富足，拥有大量的金银、大量的财产和资产，以及大量的金钱和粮食。 |
| So ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. |
And they’d be attractive, good-looking, lovely, of surpassing beauty. They’d get to have food, drink, clothes, and vehicles; garlands, perfumes, and makeup; and a bed, house, and lighting. |
他们会迷人、美丽、可爱、绝世无双。他们将获得食物、饮料、衣服和交通工具；花环、香水和化妆品；以及床、房屋和照明。 |
| So kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. |
And they do good things by way of body, speech, and mind. |
他们会通过身体、言语和思想做善事。 |
| So kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. |
When their body breaks up, after death, they’re reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
当他们的身体崩坏，死后，他们会投生到一个好地方，一个天界。 |
| Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaṭaggahena mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigaccheyya; |
Suppose a gambler on the first lucky throw was to win a big pile of money. |
假设一个赌徒在第一次好运的掷骰中，赢了一大笔钱。 |
| appamattako so, bhikkhave, kaṭaggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaṭaggahena mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigaccheyya. |
But such a lucky throw is trivial compared to |
但这样的好运的掷骰与 |
| Atha kho ayameva tato mahantataro kaṭaggaho yaṃ so paṇḍito kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. |
the lucky throw whereby an astute person, when their body breaks up, after death, is reborn in a good place, a heavenly realm. |
一个敏锐之人，当他们的身体崩坏，死后，投生到一个好地方，一个天界，这样的好运的掷骰相比，简直微不足道。 |
| Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, kevalā paripūrā paṇḍitabhūmī”ti. |
This is the total fulfillment of the astute person’s level.” |
这是敏锐之人层次的完全体现。” |
