| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
如是我聞。 |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā aṅguttarāpesu viharati āpaṇaṃ nāma aṅguttarāpānaṃ nigamo. |
At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Northern Āpaṇas, near the town of theirs named Āpaṇa. |
一時，佛陀住在北阿波那國，靠近他們的城鎮阿波那。 |
| Atha kho bhagavā pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya āpaṇaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. |
Then the Buddha robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Āpaṇa for alms. |
當時佛陀清晨穿上袈裟，帶著缽和衣袍，進入阿波那乞食。 |
| Āpaṇe piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yenaññataro vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami divāvihārāya. |
He wandered for alms in Āpaṇa. After the meal, on his return from alms-round, he went to a certain forest grove for the day’s meditation. |
他在阿波那乞食。飯後，從乞食歸來，他去一個森林小樹林進行白天的禪修。 |
| Taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle divāvihāraṃ nisīdi. |
Having plunged deep into it, he sat at the root of a certain tree for the day’s meditation. |
深入其中，他坐在一棵樹根下進行白天的禪修。 |
| Āyasmāpi kho udāyī pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya āpaṇaṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. |
Venerable Udāyī also robed up in the morning and, taking his bowl and robe, entered Āpaṇa for alms. |
烏達伊尊者也清晨穿上袈裟，帶著缽和衣袍，進入阿波那乞食。 |
| Āpaṇe piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena so vanasaṇḍo tenupasaṅkami divāvihārāya. |
He wandered for alms in Āpaṇa. After the meal, on his return from alms-round, he went to a certain forest grove for the day’s meditation. |
他在阿波那乞食。飯後，從乞食歸來，他去一個森林小樹林進行白天的禪修。 |
| Taṃ vanasaṇḍaṃ ajjhogāhetvā aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle divāvihāraṃ nisīdi. |
Having plunged deep into it, he sat at the root of a certain tree for the day’s meditation. |
深入其中，他坐在一棵樹根下進行白天的禪修。 |
| Atha kho āyasmato udāyissa rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: |
Then as Venerable Udāyī was in private retreat this thought came to his mind: |
當時烏達伊尊者在獨自靜修時，心中生起了這個念頭： |
| “bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā dukkhadhammānaṃ apahattā, bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā sukhadhammānaṃ upahattā; |
“The Buddha has rid us of so many Dharmas that bring suffering and gifted us so many Dharmas that bring happiness! |
「佛陀已為我們消除了這麼多帶來痛苦的法，並賜予我們這麼多帶來幸福的法！ |
| bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ apahattā, bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upahattā”ti. |
He has rid us of so many unskillful Dharmas and gifted us so many skillful Dharmas!” |
他已為我們消除了這麼多不善的法，並賜予我們這麼多善的法！」 |
| Atha kho āyasmā udāyī sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā udāyī bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
Then in the late afternoon, Udāyī came out of retreat and went to the Buddha. He bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him: |
然後在傍晚時分，烏達伊從靜修中出來，來到佛陀那裡。他向佛陀頂禮，坐在一旁，對佛陀說： |
| “idha mayhaṃ, bhante, rahogatassa paṭisallīnassa evaṃ cetaso parivitakko udapādi: |
“Just now, sir, as I was in private retreat this thought came to mind: |
「剛才，尊者，當我獨自靜修時，心中生起了這個念頭： |
| ‘bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā dukkhadhammānaṃ apahattā, bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā sukhadhammānaṃ upahattā; |
‘The Buddha has rid us of so many Dharmas that bring suffering and gifted us so many Dharmas that bring happiness! |
『佛陀已為我們消除了這麼多帶來痛苦的法，並賜予我們這麼多帶來幸福的法！ |
| bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ apahattā, bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upahattā’ti. |
He has rid us of so many unskillful Dharmas and gifted us so many skillful Dharmas!’ |
他已為我們消除了這麼多不善的法，並賜予我們這麼多善的法！』 |
| Mayañhi, bhante, pubbe sāyañceva bhuñjāma pāto ca divā ca vikāle. |
For we used to eat in the evening, the morning, and at the wrong time of day. |
因為我們過去常常在晚上、早上和不合適的時間吃飯。 |
| Ahu kho so, bhante, samayo yaṃ bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
But then there came a time when the Buddha addressed the monks, saying: |
但後來有一天，佛陀對比丘們說： |
| ‘iṅgha tumhe, bhikkhave, etaṃ divāvikālabhojanaṃ pajahathā’ti. |
‘Please, monks, give up that meal at the wrong time of day.’ |
『請比丘們，放棄那頓不合時宜的飯食。』 |
| Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, ahudeva aññathattaṃ, ahudeva domanassaṃ: |
At that, sir, we became sad and upset: |
當時，尊者，我們感到悲傷和不安： |
| ‘yampi no saddhā gahapatikā divā vikāle paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ denti tassapi no bhagavā pahānamāha, tassapi no sugato paṭinissaggamāhā’ti. |
‘But these earned-trustful householders give us a variety of delicious foods at the wrong time of day. And the Blessed One tells us to give it up! The Holy One tells us to let it go!’ |
『但這些值得信賴的居士在不合時宜的時間給我們提供各種美味的食物。而世尊卻叫我們放棄！聖者卻叫我們放下！』 |
| Te mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavati pemañca gāravañca hiriñca ottappañca sampassamānā evaṃ taṃ divāvikālabhojanaṃ pajahimhā. |
But when we considered our love and respect for the Buddha, and our sense of conscience and prudence, we gave up that meal at the wrong time of day. |
但當我們考慮到我們對佛陀的愛和尊敬，以及我們的良心和謹慎感時，我們放棄了那頓不合時宜的飯食。 |
| Te mayaṃ, bhante, sāyañceva bhuñjāma pāto ca. |
Then we ate in the evening and the morning. |
然後我們在晚上和早上吃飯。 |
| Ahu kho so, bhante, samayo yaṃ bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi: |
But then there came a time when the Buddha addressed the monks, saying: |
但後來有一天，佛陀對比丘們說： |
| ‘iṅgha tumhe, bhikkhave, etaṃ rattiṃvikālabhojanaṃ pajahathā’ti. |
‘Please, monks, give up that meal at the wrong time of night.’ |
『請比丘們，放棄那頓不合時宜的夜餐。』 |
| Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, ahudeva aññathattaṃ ahudeva domanassaṃ: |
At that, sir, we became sad and upset: |
當時，尊者，我們感到悲傷和不安： |
| ‘yampi no imesaṃ dvinnaṃ bhattānaṃ paṇītasaṅkhātataraṃ tassapi no bhagavā pahānamāha, tassapi no sugato paṭinissaggamāhā’ti. |
‘But that’s considered the more delicious of the two meals. And the Blessed One tells us to give it up! The Holy One tells us to let it go!’ |
『但那被認為是兩餐中更美味的一餐。而世尊卻叫我們放棄！聖者卻叫我們放下！』 |
| Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhante, aññataro puriso divā sūpeyyaṃ labhitvā evamāha: |
Once it so happened that a certain person got some soup during the day. He said: |
有一次，某人在白天得到了一些湯。他說： |
| ‘handa ca imaṃ nikkhipatha, sāyaṃ sabbeva samaggā bhuñjissāmā’ti. |
‘Come, let’s set this aside; we’ll enjoy it together this evening.’ |
『來，我們把它放一邊；今晚我們一起享用。』 |
| Yā kāci, bhante, saṅkhatiyo sabbā tā rattiṃ, appā divā. |
Nearly all meals are prepared at night, only a few in the day. |
幾乎所有的飯菜都是晚上準備的，只有少數在白天。 |
| Te mayaṃ, bhante, bhagavati pemañca gāravañca hiriñca ottappañca sampassamānā evaṃ taṃ rattiṃvikālabhojanaṃ pajahimhā. |
But when we considered our love and respect for the Buddha, and our sense of conscience and prudence, we gave up that meal at the wrong time of night. |
但當我們考慮到我們對佛陀的愛和尊敬，以及我們的良心和謹慎感時，我們放棄了那頓不合時宜的夜餐。 |
| Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhante, bhikkhū rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ piṇḍāya carantā candanikampi pavisanti, oligallepi papatanti, kaṇṭakāvāṭampi ārohanti, suttampi gāviṃ ārohanti, māṇavehipi samāgacchanti katakammehipi akatakammehipi, mātugāmopi te asaddhammena nimanteti. |
In the past, monks went wandering for alms in the dark of the night. They walked into a swamp, or fell into a sewer, or collided with a thorn bush, or collided with a sleeping cow, or encountered youths escaping a crime or on their way to commit one, or were invited by a female to commit a lewd act. |
過去，比丘們在夜深人靜時乞食。他們走進沼澤，或掉進下水道，或撞上荊棘叢，或撞上睡著的牛，或遇到逃離犯罪或正在犯罪的年輕人，或被女性邀請做淫蕩之事。 |
| Bhūtapubbāhaṃ, bhante, rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ piṇḍāya carāmi. |
Once it so happened that I wandered for alms in the dark of the night. |
有一次，我曾在夜深人靜時乞食。 |
| Addasā kho maṃ, bhante, aññatarā itthī vijjantarikāya bhājanaṃ dhovantī. |
A woman washing a pot saw me by a flash of lightning. |
一個洗碗的女人被一道閃電照亮，看到了我。 |
| Disvā maṃ bhītā vissaramakāsi: |
Startled, she cried out: |
她嚇了一跳，喊道： |
| ‘abhumme pisāco vata man’ti. |
‘Bloody hell! A goblin’s upon me!’ |
『該死！一個妖怪來了！』 |
| Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, bhante, taṃ itthiṃ etadavocaṃ: |
When she said this, I said to her: |
她說這話時，我對她說： |
| ‘nāhaṃ, bhagini, pisāco; |
‘Sister, I am no goblin. |
『姊妹，我不是妖怪。 |
| bhikkhu piṇḍāya ṭhito’ti. |
I’m a monk waiting for alms.’ |
我是一個等待乞食的比丘。』 |
| ‘Bhikkhussa ātumārī, bhikkhussa mātumārī. |
‘Then it’s a monk whose ma died and pa died! |
『那是一個媽媽死了，爸爸死了的比丘！ |
| Varaṃ te, bhikkhu, tiṇhena govikantanena kucchi parikanto, na tveva varaṃ yaṃ rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ kucchihetu piṇḍāya carasī’ti. |
You’d be better off having your belly sliced open with a meat cleaver than to wander for alms in the dark of night for the sake of your belly.’ |
你還不如用切肉刀把肚子切開，也不要在夜深人靜時為了肚子而乞食。』 |
| Tassa mayhaṃ, bhante, tadanussarato evaṃ hoti: |
Recollecting that, I thought: |
回想起這些，我心想： |
| ‘bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā dukkhadhammānaṃ apahattā, bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā sukhadhammānaṃ upahattā; |
‘The Buddha has rid us of so many Dharmas that bring suffering and gifted us so many Dharmas that bring happiness! |
『佛陀已為我們消除了這麼多帶來痛苦的法，並賜予我們這麼多帶來幸福的法！ |
| bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ apahattā, bahūnaṃ vata no bhagavā kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upahattā’”ti. |
He has rid us of so many unskillful Dharmas and gifted us so many skillful Dharmas!’” |
他已為我們消除了這麼多不善的法，並賜予我們這麼多善的法！』” |
| “Evameva panudāyi, idhekacce moghapurisā ‘idaṃ pajahathā’ti mayā vuccamānā te evamāhaṃsu: |
“This is exactly what happens when some foolish people are told by me to give something up. They say: |
“這正是當我叫一些愚蠢的人放棄某樣東西時發生的事情。他們說： |
| ‘kiṃ panimassa appamattakassa oramattakassa adhisallikhatevāyaṃ samaṇo’ti. |
‘What, such a trivial, insignificant thing as this? This ascetic is much too strict!’ |
『什麼，這麼微不足道、無關緊要的東西？這個苦行僧也太嚴格了！』 |
| Te tañceva nappajahanti, mayi ca appaccayaṃ upaṭṭhāpenti. |
They don’t give it up, and they nurse bitterness towards me; |
他們不放棄，並對我懷恨在心； |
| Ye ca bhikkhū sikkhākāmā tesaṃ taṃ, udāyi, hoti balavaṃ bandhanaṃ, daḷhaṃ bandhanaṃ, thiraṃ bandhanaṃ, apūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, thūlo, kaliṅgaro— |
and for the monks who want to train, that becomes a strong, firm, stout bond, a tie that has not rotted, and a heavy yoke. |
對於那些想要修行的比丘來說，那成為了一個堅固、牢固、結實的束縛，一條沒有腐爛的繩索，一個沉重的枷鎖。 |
| seyyathāpi, udāyi, laṭukikā sakuṇikā pūtilatāya bandhanena baddhā tattheva vadhaṃ vā bandhaṃ vā maraṇaṃ vā āgameti. |
Suppose a quail was tied with a rotten creeper, and was waiting there to be injured, caged, or killed. |
假設一隻鵪鶉被腐爛的藤蔓綁住，並在那裡等待受傷、被困或被殺。 |
| Yo nu kho, udāyi, evaṃ vadeyya: |
Would it be right to say that, |
這樣說對嗎， |
| ‘yena sā laṭukikā sakuṇikā pūtilatāya bandhanena baddhā tattheva vadhaṃ vā bandhaṃ vā maraṇaṃ vā āgameti, tañhi tassā abalaṃ bandhanaṃ, dubbalaṃ bandhanaṃ, pūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, asārakaṃ bandhanan’ti; |
for that quail, that rotten creeper is weak, feeble, rotten, and insubstantial?” |
對於那隻鵪鶉來說，那條腐爛的藤蔓是虛弱、無力、腐爛和不實的？” |
| sammā nu kho so, udāyi, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
|
|
| Idha panudāyi, ekacce kulaputtā ‘idaṃ pajahathā’ti mayā vuccamānā te evamāhaṃsu: |
But when some respectable people are told by me to give something up, they say: |
但是當我叫一些可敬的人放棄某樣東西時，他們說： |
| ‘kiṃ panimassa appamattakassa oramattakassa pahātabbassa yassa no bhagavā pahānamāha, yassa no sugato paṭinissaggamāhā’ti? |
‘What, we just have to give up such a trivial, insignificant thing as this, when the Blessed One tells us to give it up, the Holy One tells us to let it go?’ |
「什麼，當世尊叫我們放棄，聖者叫我們放下時，我們就必須放棄這麼微不足道、無關緊要的東西嗎？」 |
| Te tañceva pajahanti, mayi ca na appaccayaṃ upaṭṭhāpenti. |
They give it up, and they don’t nurse bitterness towards me; |
他們放棄了，並且不對我懷恨在心； |
| Ye ca bhikkhū sikkhākāmā te taṃ pahāya appossukkā pannalomā paradattavuttā migabhūtena cetasā viharanti. |
and when the monks who want to train have given that up, they live relaxed, unruffled, surviving on charity, their hearts free as a wild deer. |
當那些想要修行的比丘放棄了那些東西後，他們過著輕鬆、不受擾亂的生活，靠施捨維生，心靈像野鹿一樣自由。 |
| Tesaṃ taṃ, udāyi, hoti abalaṃ bandhanaṃ, dubbalaṃ bandhanaṃ, pūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, asārakaṃ bandhanaṃ— |
For them, that bond is weak, feeble, rotten, and insubstantial. |
對他們來說，那個束縛是虛弱、無力、腐爛和不實的。 |
| seyyathāpi, udāyi, rañño nāgo īsādanto urūḷhavā abhijāto saṅgāmāvacaro daḷhehi varattehi bandhanehi baddho īsakaṃyeva kāyaṃ sannāmetvā tāni bandhanāni saṃchinditvā sampadāletvā yena kāmaṃ pakkamati. |
Suppose there was a royal bull elephant with tusks like plows, able to draw a heavy load, pedigree and battle-hardened. And it was bound with a strong harness. But just by twisting its body a little, it would break apart its bonds and go wherever it wants. |
假設有一頭皇家公象，象牙像犁一樣，能拉重物，血統純正，身經百戰。它被一條堅固的馬具綁著。但它只要稍微扭動一下身體，就能掙脫束縛，隨心所欲地去任何地方。 |
| Yo nu kho, udāyi, evaṃ vadeyya: |
Would it be right to say that, |
這樣說對嗎， |
| ‘yehi so rañño nāgo īsādanto urūḷhavā abhijāto saṅgāmāvacaro daḷhehi varattehi bandhanehi baddho īsakaṃyeva kāyaṃ sannāmetvā tāni bandhanāni saṃchinditvā sampadāletvā yena kāmaṃ pakkamati, tañhi tassa balavaṃ bandhanaṃ, daḷhaṃ bandhanaṃ, thiraṃ bandhanaṃ, apūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, thūlo, kaliṅgaro’ti; |
for that bull elephant, that strong harness is a strong, firm, stout bond, a tie that has not rotted, and a heavy yoke?” |
對於那頭公象來說，那條堅固的馬具是堅固、牢固、結實的束縛，一條沒有腐爛的繩索，一個沉重的枷鎖？” |
| sammā nu kho so, udāyi, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
|
|
| “Evameva kho, udāyi, idhekacce kulaputtā ‘idaṃ pajahathā’ti mayā vuccamānā te evamāhaṃsu: |
“In the same way, when some respectable people are told by me to give something up, they say: |
「同樣地，當我告訴一些可敬的人放棄一些東西時，他們會說： |
| ‘kiṃ panimassa appamattakassa oramattakassa pahātabbassa yassa no bhagavā pahānamāha, yassa no sugato paṭinissaggamāhā’ti? |
‘What, we just have to give up such a trivial, insignificant thing as this, when the Blessed One tells us to give it up, the Holy One tells us to let it go?’ |
『什麼，世尊告訴我們放棄，聖者告訴我們放下，我們只需要放棄這樣微不足道、無關緊要的東西嗎？』 |
| Te tañceva pajahanti, mayi ca na appaccayaṃ upaṭṭhāpenti. |
They give it up, and they don’t nurse bitterness towards me; |
他們放棄了，而且他們不會對我懷恨在心； |
| Ye ca bhikkhū sikkhākāmā te taṃ pahāya appossukkā pannalomā paradattavuttā migabhūtena cetasā viharanti. |
and when the monks who want to train have given that up, they live relaxed, unruffled, surviving on charity, their hearts free as a wild deer. |
當那些想要修行的比丘放棄了那些東西後，他們生活輕鬆自在，無憂無慮，靠施捨為生，心靈自由如野鹿。 |
| Tesaṃ taṃ, udāyi, hoti abalaṃ bandhanaṃ, dubbalaṃ bandhanaṃ, pūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, asārakaṃ bandhanaṃ. |
For them, that bond is weak, feeble, rotten, and insubstantial. |
對他們來說，那個束縛是微弱、無力、腐爛和不實的。 |
| Seyyathāpi, udāyi, puriso daliddo assako anāḷhiyo; |
Suppose there was a poor man, with few possessions and little wealth. |
假設有一個窮人，財產很少，財富不多。 |
| tassassa ekaṃ agārakaṃ oluggaviluggaṃ kākātidāyiṃ naparamarūpaṃ, ekā khaṭopikā oluggaviluggā naparamarūpā, ekissā kumbhiyā dhaññasamavāpakaṃ naparamarūpaṃ, ekā jāyikā naparamarūpā. |
He had a single broken-down hovel open to the crows, not the best kind; a single broken-down couch, not the best kind; a single pot for storing grain, not the best kind; and a single wife, not the best kind. |
他只有一間破舊的房屋，屋頂破爛，烏鴉能進出，不是最好的；一張破舊的床，不是最好的；一個儲藏穀物的罐子，不是最好的；以及一個妻子，不是最好的。 |
| So ārāmagataṃ bhikkhuṃ passeyya sudhotahatthapādaṃ manuññaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuttāviṃ sītāya chāyāya nisinnaṃ adhicitte yuttaṃ. |
He’d see a monk sitting in meditation in the cool shade, their hands and feet well washed after eating a delectable meal. |
他會看到一個比丘在涼爽的樹蔭下打坐，吃完美味的飯菜後，手腳都洗得乾乾淨淨。 |
| Tassa evamassa: |
He’d think: |
他會想： |
| ‘sukhaṃ vata bho sāmaññaṃ, ārogyaṃ vata bho sāmaññaṃ. |
‘The ascetic life is so very pleasant! The ascetic life is so very skillful! |
「苦行生活多麼愉快啊！苦行生活多麼巧妙啊！ |
| So vatassaṃ yohaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyyan’ti. |
If only I could shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.’ |
如果我能剃除頭髮和鬍鬚，穿上袈裟，從在家生活出家為無家者該多好。」 |
| So na sakkuṇeyya ekaṃ agārakaṃ oluggaviluggaṃ kākātidāyiṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya, ekaṃ khaṭopikaṃ oluggaviluggaṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya, ekissā kumbhiyā dhaññasamavāpakaṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya, ekaṃ jāyikaṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ. |
But he’s not able to give up his broken-down hovel, his broken-down couch, his pot for storing grain, or his wife—none of which are the best kind—in order to go forth. |
但他無法放棄他那破舊的房屋、破舊的床、儲藏穀物的罐子或妻子——這些都不是最好的——以便出家。 |
| Yo nu kho, udāyi, evaṃ vadeyya: |
Would it be right to say that, |
這樣說對嗎， |
| ‘yehi so puriso bandhanehi baddho na sakkoti ekaṃ agārakaṃ oluggaviluggaṃ kākātidāyiṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya, ekaṃ khaṭopikaṃ oluggaviluggaṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya, ekissā kumbhiyā dhaññasamavāpakaṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya, ekaṃ jāyikaṃ naparamarūpaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ; |
for that man, |
對那個人來說， |
| tañhi tassa abalaṃ bandhanaṃ, dubbalaṃ bandhanaṃ, pūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, asārakaṃ bandhanan’ti; |
those bonds are weak, feeble, rotten, and insubstantial?” |
這些束縛是微弱、無力、腐爛和不實的？” |
| sammā nu kho so, udāyi, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
|
|
| Seyyathāpi, udāyi, gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aḍḍho mahaddhano mahābhogo, nekānaṃ nikkhagaṇānaṃ cayo, nekānaṃ dhaññagaṇānaṃ cayo, nekānaṃ khettagaṇānaṃ cayo, nekānaṃ vatthugaṇānaṃ cayo, nekānaṃ bhariyagaṇānaṃ cayo, nekānaṃ dāsagaṇānaṃ cayo, nekānaṃ dāsigaṇānaṃ cayo; |
Suppose there was a rich man, affluent, and wealthy. He had a vast amount of gold coin, grain, fields, lands, wives, and male and female bondservants. |
假設有一個富人，富有、財產豐厚。他擁有大量的金幣、穀物、田地、土地、妻子，以及男女僕人。 |
| so ārāmagataṃ bhikkhuṃ passeyya sudhotahatthapādaṃ manuññaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuttāviṃ sītāya chāyāya nisinnaṃ adhicitte yuttaṃ. |
He’d see a monk sitting in meditation in the cool shade, their hands and feet well washed after eating a delectable meal. |
他會看到一個比丘在涼爽的樹蔭下打坐，吃完美味的飯菜後，手腳都洗得乾乾淨淨。 |
| Tassa evamassa: |
He’d think: |
他會想： |
| ‘sukhaṃ vata bho sāmaññaṃ, ārogyaṃ vata bho sāmaññaṃ. |
‘The ascetic life is so very pleasant! The ascetic life is so very skillful! |
「苦行生活多麼愉快啊！苦行生活多麼巧妙啊！ |
| So vatassaṃ yohaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyyan’ti. |
If only I could shave off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from the lay life to homelessness.’ |
如果我能剃除頭髮和鬍鬚，穿上袈裟，從在家生活出家為無家者該多好。」 |
| So sakkuṇeyya nekāni nikkhagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dhaññagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni khettagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni vatthugaṇāni pahāya, nekāni bhariyagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dāsagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dāsigaṇāni pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ. |
And he is able to give up his vast amount of gold coin, grain, fields, lands, wives, and male and female bondservants in order to go forth. |
而且他能夠放棄他大量的金幣、穀物、田地、土地、妻子，以及男女僕人，以便出家。 |
| Yo nu kho, udāyi, evaṃ vadeyya: |
Would it be right to say that, |
這樣說對嗎， |
| ‘yehi so gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā bandhanehi baddho, sakkoti nekāni nikkhagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dhaññagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni khettagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni vatthugaṇāni pahāya, nekāni bhariyagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dāsagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dāsigaṇāni pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ, tañhi tassa balavaṃ bandhanaṃ, daḷhaṃ bandhanaṃ, thiraṃ bandhanaṃ, apūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, thūlo, kaliṅgaro’ti; |
for that man, they are a strong, firm, stout bond, a tie that has not rotted, and a heavy yoke?” |
對那個人來說，它們是堅固、牢固、結實的束縛，一條沒有腐爛的繩索，一個沉重的枷鎖？” |
| sammā nu kho so, udāyi, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
|
|
| “No hetaṃ, bhante. |
“No, sir. |
「不，尊者。 |
| Yehi so, bhante, gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā bandhanehi baddho, sakkoti nekāni nikkhagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dhaññagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni khettagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni vatthugaṇāni pahāya, nekāni bhariyagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dāsagaṇāni pahāya, nekāni dāsigaṇāni pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajituṃ; |
For that man, |
對那個人來說， |
| tañhi tassa abalaṃ bandhanaṃ, dubbalaṃ bandhanaṃ, pūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, asārakaṃ bandhanan”ti. |
those bonds are weak, feeble, rotten, and insubstantial.” |
那些束縛是微弱、無力、腐爛和不實的。」 |
| “Evameva kho, udāyi, idhekacce kulaputtā ‘idaṃ pajahathā’ti mayā vuccamānā te evamāhaṃsu: |
“In the same way, when some respectable people are told by me to give something up, they say: |
「同樣地，當我告訴一些可敬的人放棄一些東西時，他們會說： |
| ‘kiṃ panimassa appamattakassa oramattakassa pahātabbassa yassa no bhagavā pahānamāha, yassa no sugato paṭinissaggamāhā’ti? |
‘What, we just have to give up such a trivial, insignificant thing as this, when the Blessed One tells us to give it up, the Holy One tells us to let it go?’ |
『什麼，當世尊告訴我們放棄，聖者告訴我們放下時，我們只需要放棄這樣微不足道、無關緊要的東西嗎？』 |
| Te tañceva pajahanti, mayi ca na appaccayaṃ upaṭṭhāpenti. |
They give it up, and they don’t nurse bitterness towards me; |
他們放棄了，而且他們不會對我懷恨在心； |
| Ye ca bhikkhū sikkhākāmā te taṃ pahāya appossukkā pannalomā paradattavuttā migabhūtena cetasā viharanti. |
and when the monks who want to train have given that up, they live relaxed, unruffled, surviving on charity, their hearts free as a wild deer. |
當那些想要修行的比丘放棄了那些東西後，他們生活輕鬆自在，無憂無慮，靠施捨為生，心靈自由如野鹿。 |
| Tesaṃ taṃ, udāyi, hoti abalaṃ bandhanaṃ, dubbalaṃ bandhanaṃ, pūtikaṃ bandhanaṃ, asārakaṃ bandhanaṃ. |
For them, that bond is weak, feeble, rotten, and insubstantial. |
對他們來說，那個束縛是微弱、無力、腐爛和不實的。 |
| Idha panudāyi, ekacco puggalo upadhipahānāya paṭipanno hoti upadhipaṭinissaggāya. |
Take another person practicing to give up and let go of attachments. |
有另一個人練習放棄和放下執著。 |
| Tamenaṃ upadhipahānāya paṭipannaṃ upadhipaṭinissaggāya kadāci karahaci satisammosā upadhipaṭisaṃyuttā sarasaṅkappā samudācaranti; |
As they do so, every so often they lose remembering, and memories and thoughts connected with attachments beset them. |
當他這樣做時，偶爾會失去正念，與執著相關的記憶和思想困擾著他。 |
| dandho, udāyi, satuppādo. |
Their remembering is slow to come up, |
他的正念很難提起， |
| Atha kho naṃ khippameva pajahati, vinodeti, byantīkaroti, anabhāvaṃ gameti. |
but they quickly give up, get rid of, eliminate, and obliterate those thoughts. |
但他很快就放棄、擺脫、消除並抹去那些思想。 |
| Seyyathāpi, udāyi, puriso divasaṃsantatte ayokaṭāhe dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni nipāteyya; |
Suppose there was an iron cauldron that had been heated all day, and a person let two or three drops of water fall onto it. |
假設有一個鐵鍋，加熱了一整天，一個人往上面滴了兩三滴水。 |
| dandho, udāyi, udakaphusitānaṃ nipāto. Atha kho naṃ khippameva parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya. |
The drops would be slow to fall, but they’d quickly dry up and evaporate. |
水滴會慢慢落下，但它們很快就會乾涸蒸發。 |
| Pañca kho ime, udāyi, kāmaguṇā. |
Udāyī, these are the five kinds of sensual stimulation. |
烏達伊，這就是五種感官刺激。 |
| Katame pañca? |
What five? |
哪五種？ |
| Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā, |
Sights known by the eye that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing. |
眼睛所見的色相，是可愛的、可欲的、合意的、愉悅的、感官的、引人興奮的。 |
| sotaviññeyyā saddā … pe … |
Sounds known by the ear … |
耳朵所聞的聲音…… |
| ghānaviññeyyā gandhā … |
Smells known by the nose … |
鼻子所聞的氣味…… |
| jivhāviññeyyā rasā … |
Tastes known by the tongue … |
舌頭所嚐的味道…… |
| kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. |
Touches known by the body that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing. |
身體所觸的觸覺，是可愛的、可欲的、合意的、愉悅的、感官的、引人興奮的。 |
| Ime kho, udāyi, pañca kāmaguṇā. |
These are the five kinds of sensual stimulation. |
這就是五種感官刺激。 |
| Yaṃ kho, udāyi, ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati kāmasukhaṃ miḷhasukhaṃ puthujjanasukhaṃ anariyasukhaṃ, na sevitabbaṃ, na bhāvetabbaṃ, na bahulīkātabbaṃ; ‘bhāyitabbaṃ etassa sukhassā’ti vadāmi. |
The pleasure and happiness that arise from these five kinds of sensual stimulation is called sensual pleasure—a filthy, ordinary, ignoble pleasure. Such pleasure should not be cultivated or developed, but should be feared, I say. |
從這五種感官刺激中產生的快樂和幸福，稱為感官快樂——一種污穢的、普通的、卑劣的快樂。這種快樂不應該培養或發展，而是應該畏懼，我說。 |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi … pe … paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati; |
Take a monk who, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful Dharmas, enters and remains in the first jhāna. |
有這樣一個比丘，完全遠離感官享受，遠離不善法，進入並安住於初禪。 |
| idaṃ kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但我說，這還不夠：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā … pe … dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, as the directed-thought and evaluation are stilled, enters and remains in the second jhāna. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，隨著尋和伺的止息，進入並安住於二禪。那超越了它。 |
| idampi kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this too is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但這也不夠，我說：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā … pe … tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, with the fading away of rapture, enters and remains in the third jhāna. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，隨著喜的消逝，進入並安住於第三禪。那超越了它。 |
| idampi kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this too is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但這也不夠，我說：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā … pe … catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, giving up pleasure and pain, enters and remains in the fourth jhāna. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，捨棄樂與苦，進入並安住於第四禪。那超越了它。 |
| idampi kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this too is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但這也不夠，我說：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, going totally beyond perceptions of form, with the ending of perceptions of impingement, not focusing on perceptions of diversity, aware that ‘space is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite space. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，完全超越色想，滅除有對想，不作意種種想，知「空間無邊」，進入並安住於空無邊處。那超越了它。 |
| idampi kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this too is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但這也不夠，我說：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite space, aware that ‘consciousness is infinite’, enters and remains in the dimension of infinite consciousness. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，完全超越空無邊處，知「識無邊」，進入並安住於識無邊處。那超越了它。 |
| idampi kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this too is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但這也不夠，我說：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, going totally beyond the dimension of infinite consciousness, aware that ‘there is nothing at all’, enters and remains in the dimension of nothingness. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，完全超越識無邊處，知「無所有」，進入並安住於無所有處。那超越了它。 |
| idampi kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this too is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但這也不夠，我說：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, going totally beyond the dimension of nothingness, enters and remains in the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，完全超越無所有處，進入並安住於非想非非想處。那超越了它。 |
| idampi kho ahaṃ, udāyi, ‘analan’ti vadāmi, ‘pajahathā’ti vadāmi, ‘samatikkamathā’ti vadāmi. |
But this too is not enough, I say: give it up, go beyond it. |
但這也不夠，我說：放棄它，超越它。 |
| Ko ca tassa samatikkamo? |
And what goes beyond it? |
那麼，什麼超越它呢？ |
| Idhudāyi, bhikkhu sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati, ayaṃ tassa samatikkamo; |
Take a monk who, going totally beyond the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception, enters and remains in the cessation of perception and feeling. That goes beyond it. |
一個比丘，完全超越非想非非想處，進入並安住於想受滅。那超越了它。 |
| iti kho ahaṃ, udāyi, nevasaññānāsaññāyatanassapi pahānaṃ vadāmi. |
So, Udāyī, I even recommend giving up the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception. |
所以，烏達伊，我甚至建議放棄非想非非想處。 |
