| “Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu aññaṃ byākaroti: |
“Take a monk who declares enlightenment: |
“比丘们，如果一位比丘宣称自己已证悟： |
| ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyāti pajānāmī’ti. |
‘I understand: “Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is no return to any state of existence.”’ |
‘我已了知：生死已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不再受后有。’ |
| Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. |
You should neither approve nor dismiss that monk’s statement. |
你们不应该赞同也不应该驳斥这位比丘的话。 |
| Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā pañho pucchitabbo: |
Rather, you should question them: |
相反地，你们应该这样问他们： |
| ‘cattārome, āvuso, vohārā tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātā. |
‘Reverend, these four kinds of expression have been rightly explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. |
‘尊者，世尊，知者，见者，阿罗汉，正等正觉者，正确地解释了这四种表达方式。 |
| Katame cattāro? |
What four? |
哪四种？ |
| Diṭṭhe diṭṭhavāditā, sute sutavāditā, mute mutavāditā, viññāte viññātavāditā— |
One speaks of the seen as seen, the heard as heard, the thought as thought, and the known as known. |
说所见为所见，说所闻为所闻，说所思为所思，说所知为所知。 |
| ime kho, āvuso, cattāro vohārā tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātā. |
These are the four kinds of expression rightly explained by the Blessed One, who knows and sees, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha. |
这些是世尊，知者，见者，阿罗汉，正等正觉者，正确解释的四种表达方式。 |
| Kathaṃ jānato panāyasmato, kathaṃ passato imesu catūsu vohāresu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti? |
How does the venerable know and see regarding these four kinds of expression so that your mind is freed from defilements by not grasping?’ |
尊者如何知道和看到这四种表达方式，使你的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱？’ |
| Khīṇāsavassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vusitavato katakaraṇīyassa ohitabhārassa anuppattasadatthassa parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanassa sammadaññāvimuttassa ayamanudhammo hoti veyyākaraṇāya: |
For a monk with defilements ended—who has completed the spiritual journey, done what had to be done, laid down the burden, achieved their own goal, utterly ended the fetters of rebirth, and is rightly freed through enlightenment—it is in line with the Dharma to answer: |
对于烦恼已尽的比丘——梵行已立，所作已办，重担已卸，已达己利，生死轮回的束缚已彻底断尽，通过觉悟而正确解脱——他依佛法回答是这样： |
| ‘diṭṭhe kho ahaṃ, āvuso, anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharāmi. |
‘Reverends, I live without attraction or repulsion for what is seen; independent, untied, liberated, detached, my mind free of limits. |
‘尊者们，我对所见的没有贪著或厌恶；我独立，不被束缚，已解脱，已离执，我的心无有界限。 |
| Sute kho ahaṃ, āvuso … pe … |
I live without attraction or repulsion for what is heard … |
我对所闻的没有贪著或厌恶…… |
| mute kho ahaṃ, āvuso … |
thought … |
所思的…… |
| viññāte kho ahaṃ, āvuso, anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharāmi. |
or known; independent, untied, liberated, detached, my mind free of limits. |
所知的；我独立，不被束缚，已解脱，已离执，我的心无有界限。 |
| Evaṃ kho me, āvuso, jānato evaṃ passato imesu catūsu vohāresu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti. |
That is how I know and see regarding these four kinds of expression so that my mind is freed from defilements by not grasping.’ |
我就是这样知道和看到这四种表达方式，使我的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱。’ |
| Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditabbaṃ anumoditabbaṃ. |
Saying ‘Good!’ you should applaud and cheer that monk’s statement, |
你们应该说‘善哉！’并赞扬、欢呼那位比丘的话， |
| ‘Sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uttariṃ pañho pucchitabbo. |
then ask a further question: |
然后提出进一步的问题： |
| ‘Pañcime, āvuso, upādānakkhandhā tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātā. |
‘Reverend, these five grasping aggregates have been rightly explained by the Buddha. |
‘尊者，佛陀正确地解释了这五种取蕴。 |
| Katame pañca? |
What five? |
哪五种？ |
| Seyyathidaṃ—rūpupādānakkhandho, vedanupādānakkhandho, saññupādānakkhandho, saṅkhārupādānakkhandho, viññāṇupādānakkhandho— |
That is: the grasping aggregates of form, feeling, perception, co-doings, and consciousness. |
即：色取蕴、受取蕴、想取蕴、行取蕴、识取蕴。 |
| ime kho, āvuso, pañcupādānakkhandhā tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātā. |
These are the five grasping aggregates that have been rightly explained by the Buddha. |
这些是佛陀正确解释的五种取蕴。 |
| Kathaṃ jānato panāyasmato, kathaṃ passato imesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti? |
How does the venerable know and see regarding these five grasping aggregates so that your mind is freed from defilements by not grasping?’ |
尊者如何知道和看到这五种取蕴，使你的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱？’ |
| Khīṇāsavassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vusitavato katakaraṇīyassa ohitabhārassa anuppattasadatthassa parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanassa sammadaññāvimuttassa ayamanudhammo hoti veyyākaraṇāya: |
For a monk with defilements ended it is in line with the Dharma to answer: |
对于烦恼已尽的比丘，他依佛法回答是这样： |
| ‘rūpaṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso, abalaṃ virāgunaṃ anassāsikanti viditvā ye rūpe upāyūpādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā vimuttaṃ me cittanti pajānāmi. |
‘Reverends, knowing that form is powerless, fading, and unreliable, I understand that my mind is freed through the ending, fading away, cessation, giving away, and letting go of attraction, grasping, mental dedication, insistence, and underlying tendency for form. |
‘尊者们，我了知色是无常、会消逝、不可靠的，我明白通过对色的贪著、执取、意念、固执和潜在倾向的终结、消逝、止息、舍弃和放下，我的心得以解脱。 |
| Vedanaṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso … pe … |
Knowing that feeling … |
了知受…… |
| saññaṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso … |
perception … |
想…… |
| saṅkhāre kho ahaṃ, āvuso … |
co-doings … |
行…… |
| viññāṇaṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso, abalaṃ virāgunaṃ anassāsikanti viditvā ye viññāṇe upāyūpādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā vimuttaṃ me cittanti pajānāmi. |
consciousness is powerless, fading, and unreliable, I understand that my mind is freed through the ending, fading away, cessation, giving away, and letting go of attraction, grasping, mental dedication, insistence, and underlying tendency for consciousness. |
识是无常、会消逝、不可靠的，我明白通过对识的贪著、执取、意念、固执和潜在倾向的终结、消逝、止息、舍弃和放下，我的心得以解脱。 |
| Evaṃ kho me, āvuso, jānato evaṃ passato imesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhesu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti. |
That is how I know and see regarding these five grasping aggregates so that my mind is freed from defilements by not grasping.’ |
我就是这样知道和看到这五种取蕴，使我的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱。’ |
| Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditabbaṃ, anumoditabbaṃ. |
Saying ‘Good!’ you should applaud and cheer that monk’s statement, |
你们应该说‘善哉！’并赞扬、欢呼那位比丘的话， |
| ‘Sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uttariṃ pañho pucchitabbo. |
then ask a further question: |
然后提出进一步的问题： |
| ‘Chayimā, āvuso, dhātuyo tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātā. |
‘Reverend, these six elements have been rightly explained by the Buddha. |
‘尊者，佛陀正确地解释了这六界。 |
| Katamā cha? |
What six? |
哪六界？ |
| Pathavīdhātu, āpodhātu, tejodhātu, vāyodhātu, ākāsadhātu, viññāṇadhātu— |
The elements of earth, water, fire, air, space, and consciousness. |
地界、水界、火界、风界、空界和识界。 |
| imā kho, āvuso, cha dhātuyo tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātā. |
These are the six elements that have been rightly explained by the Buddha. |
这些是佛陀正确解释的六界。 |
| Kathaṃ jānato panāyasmato, kathaṃ passato imāsu chasu dhātūsu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti? |
How does the venerable know and see regarding these six elements so that your mind is freed from defilements by not grasping?’ |
尊者如何知道和看到这六界，使你的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱？’ |
| Khīṇāsavassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vusitavato katakaraṇīyassa ohitabhārassa anuppattasadatthassa parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanassa sammadaññāvimuttassa ayamanudhammo hoti veyyākaraṇāya: |
For a monk with defilements ended it is in line with the Dharma to answer: |
对于烦恼已尽的比丘，他依佛法回答是这样： |
| ‘pathavīdhātuṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso, na attato upagacchiṃ, na ca pathavīdhātunissitaṃ attānaṃ. |
‘Reverends, I’ve not taken the earth element as self, nor is there a self based on the earth element. |
‘尊者们，我未曾将地界执为我，地界上也没有我。 |
| Ye ca pathavīdhātunissitā upāyūpādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā vimuttaṃ me cittanti pajānāmi. |
And I understand that my mind is freed through the ending, fading away, cessation, giving away, and letting go of attraction, grasping, mental dedication, insistence, and underlying tendency based on the earth element. |
我明白通过对地界的贪著、执取、意念、固执和潜在倾向的终结、消逝、止息、舍弃和放下，我的心得以解脱。 |
| Āpodhātuṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso … pe … |
I’ve not taken the water element … |
我未曾将水界…… |
| tejodhātuṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso … |
fire element … |
火界…… |
| vāyodhātuṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso … |
air element … |
风界…… |
| ākāsadhātuṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso … |
space element … |
空界…… |
| viññāṇadhātuṃ kho ahaṃ, āvuso, na attato upagacchiṃ, na ca viññāṇadhātunissitaṃ attānaṃ. |
consciousness element as self, nor is there a self based on the consciousness element. |
识界执为我，识界上也没有我。 |
| Ye ca viññāṇadhātunissitā upāyūpādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā vimuttaṃ me cittanti pajānāmi. |
And I understand that my mind is freed through the ending of attraction based on the consciousness element. |
我明白通过对识界的贪著的终结，我的心得以解脱。 |
| Evaṃ kho me, āvuso, jānato, evaṃ passato imāsu chasu dhātūsu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti. |
That is how I know and see regarding these six elements so that my mind is freed from defilements by not grasping.’ |
我就是这样知道和看到这六界，使我的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱。’ |
| Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditabbaṃ, anumoditabbaṃ. |
Saying ‘Good!’ you should applaud and cheer that monk’s statement, |
你们应该说‘善哉！’并赞扬、欢呼那位比丘的话， |
| ‘Sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uttariṃ pañho pucchitabbo. |
then ask a further question: |
然后提出进一步的问题： |
| ‘Cha kho panimāni, āvuso, ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātāni. |
‘Reverend, these six interior and exterior sense fields have been rightly explained by the Buddha. |
‘尊者，佛陀正确地解释了这六种内外处。 |
| Katamāni cha? |
What six? |
哪六种？ |
| Cakkhu ceva rūpā ca, sotañca saddā ca, ghānañca gandhā ca, jivhā ca rasā ca, kāyo ca phoṭṭhabbā ca, mano ca dhammā ca— |
The eye and sights, the ear and sounds, the nose and smells, the tongue and tastes, the body and touches, and the mind and thoughts. |
眼和色，耳和声，鼻和香，舌和味，身和触，意和法。 |
| imāni kho, āvuso, cha ajjhattikabāhirāni āyatanāni tena bhagavatā jānatā passatā arahatā sammāsambuddhena sammadakkhātāni. |
These are the six interior and exterior sense fields that have been rightly explained by the Buddha. |
这些是佛陀正确解释的六种内外处。 |
| Kathaṃ jānato panāyasmato, kathaṃ passato imesu chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti? |
How does the venerable know and see regarding these six interior and exterior sense fields so that your mind is freed from defilements by not grasping?’ |
尊者如何知道和看到这六种内外处，使你的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱？’ |
| Khīṇāsavassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vusitavato katakaraṇīyassa ohitabhārassa anuppattasadatthassa parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanassa sammadaññāvimuttassa ayamanudhammo hoti veyyākaraṇāya: |
For a monk with defilements ended it is in line with the Dharma to answer: |
对于烦恼已尽的比丘，他依佛法回答是这样： |
| ‘cakkhusmiṃ, āvuso, rūpe cakkhuviññāṇe cakkhuviññāṇaviññātabbesu dhammesu yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye ca upāyūpādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā vimuttaṃ me cittanti pajānāmi. |
‘I understand that my mind is freed through the ending, fading away, cessation, giving away, and letting go of desire and greed and relishing and craving; attraction, grasping, mental dedication, insistence, and underlying tendency for the eye, sights, eye consciousness, and things knowable by eye consciousness. |
‘我明白通过对眼、色、眼识以及眼识所知之物的欲望、贪婪、享乐和渴爱；贪著、执取、意念、固执和潜在倾向的终结、消逝、止息、舍弃和放下，我的心得以解脱。 |
| Sotasmiṃ, āvuso, sadde sotaviññāṇe … pe … |
I understand that my mind is freed through the ending of desire for the ear … |
我明白通过对耳…… |
| ghānasmiṃ, āvuso, gandhe ghānaviññāṇe … |
nose … |
鼻…… |
| jivhāya, āvuso, rase jivhāviññāṇe … |
tongue … |
舌…… |
| kāyasmiṃ, āvuso, phoṭṭhabbe kāyaviññāṇe … |
body … |
身…… |
| manasmiṃ, āvuso, dhamme manoviññāṇe manoviññāṇaviññātabbesu dhammesu yo chando yo rāgo yā nandī yā taṇhā ye ca upāyūpādānā cetaso adhiṭṭhānābhinivesānusayā tesaṃ khayā virāgā nirodhā cāgā paṭinissaggā vimuttaṃ me cittanti pajānāmi. |
mind, thoughts, mind consciousness, and things knowable by mind consciousness. |
意、法、意识以及意识所知之物的欲望的终结，我的心得以解脱。 |
| Evaṃ kho me, āvuso, jānato evaṃ passato imesu chasu ajjhattikabāhiresu āyatanesu anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimuttan’ti. |
That is how I know and see regarding these six interior and exterior sense fields so that my mind is freed from defilements by not grasping.’ |
我就是这样知道和看到这六种内外处，使我的心不执著而从烦恼中解脱。’ |
| Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditabbaṃ anumoditabbaṃ. |
Saying ‘Good!’ you should applaud and cheer that monk’s statement, |
你们应该说‘善哉！’并赞扬、欢呼那位比丘的话， |
| ‘Sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uttariṃ pañho pucchitabbo. |
then ask a further question: |
然后对他们说： |
| Khīṇāsavassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno vusitavato katakaraṇīyassa ohitabhārassa anuppattasadatthassa parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanassa sammadaññāvimuttassa ayamanudhammo hoti veyyākaraṇāya: |
For a monk with defilements ended it is in line with the Dharma to answer: |
对于烦恼已尽的比丘，他依佛法回答是这样： |
| ‘pubbe kho ahaṃ, āvuso, agāriyabhūto samāno aviddasu ahosiṃ. |
‘Formerly, reverends, when I was still a layperson, I was ignorant. |
‘尊者们，以前我还是在家居士时，我无知。 |
| Tassa me tathāgato vā tathāgatasāvako vā dhammaṃ desesi. |
Then the Realized One or one of his disciples taught me the Dhamma. |
然后，如来或他的一位弟子教导了我佛法。 |
| Tāhaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhiṃ. |
I gained faith in the Realized One, |
我对如来产生了信心， |
| So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhiṃ: |
and reflected: |
并反思： |
| “sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. |
“Living in a house is cramped and dirty, but the life of one gone forth is wide open. |
“住在家中是狭窄和污秽的，而出家人的生活是广阔开放的。 |
| Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. |
It’s not easy for someone living at home to lead the spiritual life utterly full and pure, like a polished shell. |
对于在家生活的人来说，要过上完全圆满和纯净的梵行生活，像打磨过的贝壳一样，是不容易的。 |
| Yannūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyyan”ti. |
Why don’t I cut off my hair and beard, dress in ocher robes, and go forth from lay life to homelessness?” |
我何不剃除须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家，过无家生活呢？” |
| So kho ahaṃ, āvuso, aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya, appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃ. |
After some time I gave up a large or small fortune, and a large or small family circle. I shaved off hair and beard, dressed in ocher robes, and went forth from the lay life to homelessness. |
过了一段时间，我舍弃了或大或小的财富，或大或小的家庭圈。我剃除了须发，披上袈裟，从在家生活出家，过无家生活。 |
| So evaṃ pabbajito samāno bhikkhūnaṃ sikkhāsājīvasamāpanno pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato ahosiṃ nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho, lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī vihāsiṃ. |
Once I had gone forth, I took up the training and livelihood of the monks. I gave up killing living creatures, renouncing the rod and the sword. I was scrupulous and kind, living full of compassion for all living beings. |
出家后，我接受了比丘的训练和生活方式。我放弃了杀生，放下棍棒和刀剑。我严谨而慈悲，对一切众生充满悲悯。 |
| Adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato ahosiṃ dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā vihāsiṃ. |
I gave up stealing. I took only what’s given, and expected only what’s given. I kept myself clean by not thieving. |
我放弃了偷盗。我只接受所给予的，只期待所给予的。我不偷盗，保持自身清净。 |
| Abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī ahosiṃ ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. |
I gave up unchastity. I became celibate, set apart, avoiding the common practice of sex. |
我放弃了不贞洁。我过着梵行生活，离群索居，避免世俗的性行为。 |
| Musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato ahosiṃ saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. |
I gave up lying. I spoke the truth and stuck to the truth. I was honest and trustworthy, not tricking the world with my words. |
我放弃了妄语。我说真话，坚持真理。我诚实可靠，不以言语欺骗世人。 |
| Pisuṇaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pisuṇāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosiṃ, ito sutvā na amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā na imesaṃ akkhātā amūsaṃ bhedāya; iti bhinnānaṃ vā sandhātā sahitānaṃ vā anuppadātā samaggārāmo samaggarato samagganandī samaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosiṃ. |
I gave up divisive speech. I didn’t repeat in one place what I heard in another so as to divide people against each other. Instead, I reconciled those who are divided, supporting unity, delighting in harmony, loving harmony, speaking words that promote harmony. |
我放弃了两舌。我不在一处重复我在另一处听到的话，以免离间他人。相反，我调和那些不和的人，支持团结，喜悦和谐，热爱和谐，说促进和谐的话。 |
| Pharusaṃ vācaṃ pahāya pharusāya vācāya paṭivirato ahosiṃ; yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosiṃ. |
I gave up harsh speech. I spoke in a way that’s mellow, pleasing to the ear, lovely, going to the heart, polite, likable and agreeable to the people. |
我放弃了恶口。我说话温和、悦耳、可爱、入心、礼貌、令人喜爱和悦人。 |
| Samphappalāpaṃ pahāya samphappalāpā paṭivirato ahosiṃ; kālavādī bhūtavādī atthavādī dhammavādī vinayavādī nidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā ahosiṃ kālena sāpadesaṃ pariyantavatiṃ atthasaṃhitaṃ. |
I gave up talking nonsense. My words were timely, true, and meaningful, in line with the Dharma and training. I said things at the right time which are valuable, reasonable, succinct, and beneficial. |
我放弃了绮语。我的话语适时、真实、有意义，符合佛法和戒律。我在适当的时候说有价值、合理、简洁和有益的话。 |
| So bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, ekabhattiko ahosiṃ rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. |
I avoided injuring plants and seeds. I ate in one part of the day, abstaining from eating at night and food at the wrong time. |
我避免伤害植物和种子。我一天只吃一餐，晚上不吃饭，也不在不适当的时间进食。 |
| Naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭivirato ahosiṃ. |
I avoided dancing, singing, music, and seeing shows. |
我避免跳舞、唱歌、音乐和观看表演。 |
| Mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato ahosiṃ. |
I avoided beautifying and adorning myself with garlands, perfumes, and makeup. |
我避免用花环、香水和化妆品来美化和装饰自己。 |
| Uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato ahosiṃ. |
I avoided high and luxurious beds. |
我避免高大和豪华的床铺。 |
| Jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
I avoided receiving gold and money, |
我避免接受金银钱财， |
| āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
raw grains, |
生谷， |
| āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ; |
raw meat, |
生肉， |
| itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
women and girls, |
妇女和女孩， |
| dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
male and female bondservants, |
男女仆人， |
| ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
goats and sheep, |
山羊和绵羊， |
| kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
chicken and pigs, |
鸡和猪， |
| hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
elephants, cows, horses, and mares, |
大象、牛、马和母马， |
| khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭivirato ahosiṃ. |
and fields and land. |
以及田地和土地。 |
| Dūteyyapahiṇagamanānuyogā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
I avoided running errands and messages; |
我避免跑腿和送信； |
| kayavikkayā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
buying and selling; |
买卖； |
| tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
falsifying weights, metals, or measures; |
伪造秤、金属或度量衡； |
| ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā paṭivirato ahosiṃ, |
bribery, fraud, cheating, and duplicity; |
贿赂、欺诈、欺骗和两面派； |
| chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā paṭivirato ahosiṃ. |
mutilation, murder, abduction, banditry, plunder, and violence. |
残害、谋杀、绑架、强盗、掠夺和暴力。 |
| So santuṭṭho ahosiṃ kāyaparihārikena cīvarena, kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamiṃ samādāyeva pakkamiṃ. |
I became content with robes to look after the body and alms-food to look after the belly. Wherever I went, I set out taking only these things. |
我满足于袈裟以遮蔽身体，满足于乞食以维持腹部。无论我走到哪里，我只带着这些东西。 |
| Seyyathāpi nāma pakkhī sakuṇo yena yeneva ḍeti sapattabhārova ḍeti; |
Like a bird: wherever it flies, wings are its only burden. |
就像一只鸟：无论它飞到哪里，翅膀是它唯一的负担。 |
| evameva kho ahaṃ, āvuso; santuṭṭho ahosiṃ kāyaparihārikena cīvarena, kucchiparihārikena piṇḍapātena. So yena yeneva pakkamiṃ samādāyeva pakkamiṃ. |
In the same way, I became content with robes to look after the body and alms-food to look after the belly. Wherever I went, I set out taking only these things. |
同样地，我满足于袈裟以遮蔽身体，满足于乞食以维持腹部。无论我走到哪里，我只带着这些东西。 |
| So iminā ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ anavajjasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedesiṃ. |
When I had this entire spectrum of noble ethics, I experienced a blameless happiness inside myself. |
当我具备了所有这些高尚的品德时，我内心体验到一种无可指责的快乐。 |
| So cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī ahosiṃ nānubyañjanaggāhī; |
When I saw a sight with my eyes, I didn’t get caught up in the features and details. |
当我的眼睛看到一个景象时，我没有被特征和细节所吸引。 |
| yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjiṃ; rakkhiṃ cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjiṃ. |
If the faculty of sight were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of desire and aversion would become overwhelming. For this reason, I practiced restraint, protecting the faculty of sight, and achieving its restraint. |
如果视觉感官不加约束，贪爱和厌恶的恶不善法就会变得压倒性。因此，我练习约束，保护视觉感官，并实现其约束。 |
| Sotena saddaṃ sutvā … pe … |
When I heard a sound with my ears … |
当我的耳朵听到一个声音时…… |
| ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā … pe … |
When I smelled an odor with my nose … |
当我的鼻子闻到一种气味时…… |
| jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā … pe … |
When I tasted a flavor with my tongue … |
当我的舌头尝到一种味道时…… |
| kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā … pe … |
When I felt a touch with my body … |
当我的身体感觉到一种触感时…… |
| manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī ahosiṃ nānubyañjanaggāhī; |
When I knew a thought with my mind, I didn’t get caught up in the features and details. |
当我的心知道一个念头时，我没有被特征和细节所吸引。 |
| yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjiṃ; rakkhiṃ manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjiṃ. |
If the faculty of the mind were left unrestrained, bad unskillful qualities of desire and aversion would become overwhelming. For this reason, I practiced restraint, protecting the faculty of the mind, and achieving its restraint. |
如果意根不加约束，贪爱和厌恶的恶不善法就会变得压倒性。因此，我练习约束，保护意根，并实现其约束。 |
| So iminā ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato ajjhattaṃ abyāsekasukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedesiṃ. |
When I had this noble sense restraint, I experienced an unsullied pleasure inside myself. |
当我具备了这种高尚的感官约束时，我内心体验到一种纯洁的快乐。 |
| So abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī ahosiṃ, ālokite vilokite sampajānakārī ahosiṃ, samiñjite pasārite sampajānakārī ahosiṃ, saṅghāṭipattacīvaradhāraṇe sampajānakārī ahosiṃ, asite pīte khāyite sāyite sampajānakārī ahosiṃ, uccārapassāvakamme sampajānakārī ahosiṃ, gate ṭhite nisinne sutte jāgarite bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī ahosiṃ. |
I acted with lucid-discerning when going out and coming back; when looking ahead and aside; when bending and extending the limbs; when bearing the outer robe, bowl and robes; when eating, drinking, chewing, and tasting; when urinating and defecating; when walking, standing, sitting, sleeping, waking, speaking, and keeping silent. |
我在出入、前瞻后顾、屈伸肢体、持衣钵、饮食、咀嚼、尝味、大小便、行走、站立、坐卧、醒觉、言语和沉默时，都以明辨来行事。 |
| So iminā ca ariyena sīlakkhandhena samannāgato, imāya ca ariyāya santuṭṭhiyā samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena indriyasaṃvarena samannāgato, iminā ca ariyena satisampajaññena samannāgato |
When I had this noble spectrum of ethics, this noble sense restraint, and this noble remembering and lucid-discerning, |
当我具备了这种高尚的戒律、这种高尚的感官约束以及这种高尚的忆念和明辨时， |
| vivittaṃ senāsanaṃ bhajiṃ araññaṃ rukkhamūlaṃ pabbataṃ kandaraṃ giriguhaṃ susānaṃ vanapatthaṃ abbhokāsaṃ palālapuñjaṃ. |
I frequented a secluded lodging—a wilderness, the root of a tree, a hill, a ravine, a mountain cave, a charnel ground, a forest, the open air, a heap of straw. |
我常去僻静的住处——旷野、树根下、山丘、山谷、山洞、尸陀林、森林、露天场所、草堆。 |
| So pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto nisīdiṃ pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā ujuṃ kāyaṃ paṇidhāya parimukhaṃ satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā. |
After the meal, I returned from alms-round, sat down cross-legged with my body straight, and established remembering right there. |
饭后，我从乞食地返回，盘腿坐下，身体正直，并就在那里确立了忆念。 |
| So abhijjhaṃ loke pahāya vigatābhijjhena cetasā vihāsiṃ, abhijjhāya cittaṃ parisodhesiṃ. |
Giving up desire for the world, I meditated with a heart rid of desire, cleansing the mind of desire. |
我舍弃了对世间的欲望，以无欲之心禅修，净化对欲望的心。 |
| Byāpādapadosaṃ pahāya abyāpannacitto vihāsiṃ sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī, byāpādapadosā cittaṃ parisodhesiṃ. |
Giving up ill will and malevolence, I meditated with a mind rid of ill will, full of compassion for all living beings, cleansing the mind of ill will. |
我舍弃了恶意和恶念，以无恶意之心禅修，对一切众生充满悲悯，净化对恶意的心。 |
| Thinamiddhaṃ pahāya vigatathinamiddho vihāsiṃ ālokasaññī sato sampajāno, thinamiddhā cittaṃ parisodhesiṃ. |
Giving up dullness and drowsiness, I meditated with a mind rid of dullness and drowsiness, perceiving light, rememberful and aware, cleansing the mind of dullness and drowsiness. |
我舍弃了昏沉和瞌睡，以无昏沉和瞌睡之心禅修，感知光明，忆念和觉知，净化对昏沉和瞌睡的心。 |
| Uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahāya anuddhato vihāsiṃ ajjhattaṃ, vūpasantacitto, uddhaccakukkuccā cittaṃ parisodhesiṃ. |
Giving up restlessness and remorse, I meditated without restlessness, my mind peaceful inside, cleansing the mind of restlessness and remorse. |
我舍弃了掉举和后悔，以无掉举之心禅修，我的心内心平静，净化对掉举和后悔的心。 |
| Vicikicchaṃ pahāya tiṇṇavicikiccho vihāsiṃ akathaṅkathī kusalesu dhammesu, vicikicchāya cittaṃ parisodhesiṃ. |
Giving up doubt, I meditated having gone beyond doubt, not undecided about skillful qualities, cleansing the mind of doubt. |
我舍弃了疑惑，以超越疑惑之心禅修，不对善法犹豫不决，净化对疑惑的心。 |
| So ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe |
I gave up these five hindrances, corruptions of the heart that weaken wisdom. |
我放弃了这五种障碍，它们是污染心灵、削弱智慧的因素。 |
| vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. |
Then, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, I entered and remained in the first jhāna, which has the rapture and pleasure born of seclusion, while directing-thought and evaluation. |
然后，我完全离于感官欲望，离于不善法，进入并安住于初禅，初禅具有离于欲望所生之喜悦和快乐，并有寻思和审察。 |
| Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ … pe … |
As the directed-thought and evaluation were stilled, I entered and remained in the second jhāna … |
随着寻思和审察的止息，我进入并安住于二禅…… |
| tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ … |
third jhāna … |
三禅…… |
| catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja vihāsiṃ. |
fourth jhāna. |
四禅。 |
| So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmesiṃ. |
When my mind had undistractified-&-lucidified in samādhi like this—purified, bright, spotless, rid of taints, pliable, workable, steady, and imperturbable—I extended it toward knowledge of the ending of defilements. |
当我的心如此专注、明净、清净、明亮、无染、柔韧、堪用、稳定、不动摇时，我将其导向烦恼的灭尽智。 |
| So idaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ; |
I truly understood: “This is suffering” … “This is the origin of suffering” … “This is the cessation of suffering” … “This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering”. |
我真实地理解：“这是苦”……“这是苦的起源”……“这是苦的止息”……“这是导致苦止息的修行”。 |
| ime āsavāti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ayaṃ āsavasamudayoti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ayaṃ āsavanirodhoti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ, ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti yathābhūtaṃ abbhaññāsiṃ. |
I truly understood: “These are defilements”… “This is the origin of defilements” … “This is the cessation of defilements” … “This is the practice that leads to the cessation of defilements”. |
我真实地理解：“这些是烦恼”……“这是烦恼的起源”……“这是烦恼的止息”……“这是导致烦恼止息的修行”。 |
| Tassa me evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccittha, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccittha, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccittha. |
Knowing and seeing like this, my mind was freed from the defilements of sensuality, desire to be reborn, and ignorance. |
如此知见，我的心从感官、再生欲和无明的烦恼中解脱。 |
| Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ ahosi. |
When it was freed, I knew it was freed. |
当它解脱时，我便知道它已解脱。 |
| Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyāti abbhaññāsiṃ. |
I understood: “Rebirth is ended; the spiritual journey has been completed; what had to be done has been done; there is no return to any state of existence.” |
我明白了：“生死已尽；梵行已立；所作已办；不再受后有。” |
| Evaṃ kho me, āvuso, jānato evaṃ passato imasmiñca saviññāṇake kāye bahiddhā ca sabbanimittesu ahaṃkāramamaṃkāramānānusayā samūhatā’ti. |
That is how I know and see so that I have eradicated ego, possessiveness, and underlying tendency to conceit for this conscious body and all external stimuli.’ |
我就是这样知道和看到，使我根除了对这有意识的身体和所有外部刺激的自我、占有欲和慢的潜在倾向。’ |
| Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno ‘sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditabbaṃ anumoditabbaṃ. |
Saying ‘Good!’ you should applaud and cheer that monk’s statement, |
你们应该说‘善哉！’并赞扬、欢呼那位比丘的话， |
| ‘Sādhū’ti bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā evamassa vacanīyo: |
and then say to them: |
然后对他们说： |
| ‘lābhā no, āvuso, suladdhaṃ no, āvuso, |
‘We are fortunate, reverend, so very fortunate |
‘尊者，我们有福了，太有福了， |
| ye mayaṃ āyasmantaṃ tādisaṃ sabrahmacāriṃ samanupassāmā’”ti. |
to see a venerable such as yourself as one of our spiritual companions!’” |
能看到像你这样的一位尊者作为我们的修行伙伴！’” |
